Closed-end Country Funds and U.S. Market Sentiment

Kim, Dong-Soon,Bodurtha, James N. Jr.,Lee, Charles M. C. 韓國國際經營學會 1993 國際經營硏究 Vol.4 No.1

The premiums on closed-end country funds tend to move in tandem, but do not move together with premiums on domestic closed-end funds. After controlling for foreign maket fundamentals, changes in the stock price of country funds co-move with U.S. market returns, but changes in their net asset values do not. An index of changes in country fund premiums explains cross-sectional stock returns in the U.S. market, particularly for small firms. Collectively, these findings suggest U.S. stock prices are affected by market-wide sentiments which are reflected in closed-end country fund premiums.

Enhanced thermoelectric properties of Ge₂Sb₂Te₅ thin films through the control of crystal structure

Kang, So-Hyun,Jella, Venkatraju,Pammi, S.V.N.,Eom, Ji-Ho,Choi, Jin-Seok,Jeong, Jong-Ryul,Yoon, Soon-Gil ELSEVIER 2017 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.17 No.5

<P>Tuning the structure and chemical composition of 03 gm-thick Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) films via control of the deposition temperature enhanced thermoelectric performance by balancing the Seebeck coefficient, the electrical conductivity, and the thermal conductivity. By combining the phases of the face-centered cubic (FCC) and hexagonal close packed (HCP) crystal structures of GST thin films deposited at 250 degrees C, a compromise was attained between a moderate degree of electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient, which resulted in the highest power factor at 1.1 x 10(-3) W/K(2)m. This was attributed to variations in the effective mass, the mixed crystal structure, and the chemical composition with deposition temperature. The highest maximum powers of 03 mu m- and 1.0 mu m-thick n-Bi2Te3 (BT) and p-GST thermoelectric generators with 5 p/n couples were approximately 4.1 and 52.9 nW at Delta T = 12 K, respectively. They showed higher maximum powers than those of referenced n-BT and p-Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST) thermoelectric generators. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Effect of Fucus evanescens Fucoidan on Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Promoter, mRNA, Protein and Signal Pathway

Mi Jeong Ku(구미정),Ji Won Jung(정지원),Myeong Sook Lee(이명숙),Byung Kyu Cho(조병규),Soon Rye Lee(이순례),Hye-Sook Lee(이혜숙),Olesya S. Vischuk,Tatyana N. Zvyagintseva,Svetlana P. Ermakova,Yong Hwan Lee(이용환) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.11

Fucoidan은 갈조류의 세포벽에 존재하는 황산화 다당류이다. 본 연구에서는 자외선 B를 인체각질형성세포에 조사하여 matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1)을 발현 시킨 후 Fucus evanescens fucoidan이 MMP-1 promoter, mRNA, 단백 발현과 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)의 인산화에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 하였다. 자외선 B에 의해 생성된 MMP-1의 promoter activity와 mRNA, 단백 발현은 fucoidan 10 μg/ml와 100 ㎍/ml를 투여하였을 때 fucoidan을 투여하지 않고 자외선만 조사한 군에 비하여 유의하게 억제되었다. 그리고 F. evanescens fucoidan은 extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)의 활성은 현저히 억제시켰으나 c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK)와 p38의 활성에 미치는 영향은 약하였다. 따라서 이 연구결과들은 F. evanescens fucoidan이 피부 광노화의 예방과 치료에 도움이 될 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. Fucoidans are sulfated fucosylated polymers from the cell wall of brown algae. We assessed the effects of Fucus evanescens fucoidan on ultraviolet-B (UVB)-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) protein, mRNA, and promoter, and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases in vitro using an immortalized human keratinocyte cell line. Pretreatment with 10 and 100 ㎍/ml fucoidan significantly inhibited UVB-induced MMP-1 protein, mRNA and promoter activity, compared to UVB irradiation alone. Extracellular signal regulated kinase activation was markedly inhibited by treatment with fucoidan, though c-JUN N-terminal kinase activity and p38 activation were only marginally affected by fucoidan. F. evanescens fucoidan may be a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of skin photoaging.

정상 한국인 혈청 포도당, Insulin 및 C-Peptide 의 일중 변동에 관한 연구

홍기석,이홍규,고창순,최두혁,정준기 대한핵의학회 1983 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.17 No.1

Sixty-nine patients with diffuse lung uptake of Tc-99m-tin colloid were evaluated to determine the kinds of associated diseases, the incidence of associated liver scan abnormalities, and prognosis. The results were as follows: 1) Diseases (associated with dliffuse lung uptake included malignancies in 3l patients, infectious diseases in 19, chronic liver diseases in 14, and others in 5, It appeared that the marked degree of lung uptake was associated with severe diseases. 2) Thirty-one of the 69 patients(45%) had abnormal liver size, 43(62%) had space occupying lesions or nonhomogeneity in liver image, 37(54%) had splenomegaly and 45(65%) had increased splenic uptake. In creased bone marrow uptake was found in 48(70%) and renal uptake in 15(22%). As the degree of lung uptake increased, there was a statistically significant (p〈0.05) tendency for the incidences of the abnormal liver image and renal uptake to increase. 3) Sixty-two of the 69 patients were followed up for one to 439 days (mean 44 days) after live scanning. Eleven(l8%) were dead, 10(16%) were aggravated, and 13(21%) were improved. Most of improved patients had infectious diseases. It appeared that diffuse lung uptake of Tc-99m-Tn colloid was found in the various diseases including malignancies, infections, and chronic liver diseases, and that it was strongly associated with other liver scan abnormalities, but was not necessarily associated with a poor prognosis, particularly when underlying diseases were infections.

임신토끼에 있어서 새로운 Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony - Stimulating Factor ( YHB6211 ) 의 배 , 태자 발생독성평가

황재식(Zai Zhi Huang),이수해(Su Hae Lee),신지순(Ji Soon Sin),신장우(Jang Woo Sin),최연식(Yeon Shik Choi),김대중(Dae Joong Kim),장호송(Hu Song Zhang),정은용(Eun Yong Jung),서동석(Dong Suk Seo),안경규(Kyoung Kyu Ahn),남상윤(Sang Yoon N 한국응용약물학회 2001 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.9 No.4

N/A YHB6211, a newly developed recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor, was administered at dose levels of 0, 3, 15, and 75 ㎍/㎏/day intravenously to the pregnant New Zealand White rabbits (20 rabbits per group) during the organogenetic period, days 6 to 18 of gestation. All dams were subjected to Caesarian section on day 28 of gestation and their fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. No abnormalities in clinical signs, body weight changes, gross findings, mortality, and external appearance were found in all dams and fetuses exposed to 0, 3, and 15 ㎍/㎏/day of YHB6211. However, in the group treated with 75 ㎍/㎏/day of YHB6211, maternal body and uterine weights, fetal body weights and length, and the number of live fetuses were significantly decreased and further fetal mortality was remarkably increased. It is suggested that YHB6211 may have no side effect up to the dose level of 15 ㎍/㎏/day, and there would be no teratogenicity for fetuses of rabbits up to 75 ㎍/㎏/day even if it may have some toxic effects over 75 ㎍/㎏/day for dams and fetuses of rabbits.

Evaluation of a membrane permeation system for biogas upgrading using model and real gaseous mixtures: The effect of operating conditions on separation behaviour, methane recovery and process stability

Nemestó,thy, Ná,ndor,Bakonyi, Pé,ter,Szentgyö,rgyi, Eszter,Kumar, Gopalakrishnan,Nguyen, Dinh Duc,Chang, Soon Woong,Kim, Sang-Hyoun,Bé,lafi-Bakó,, Katalin Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION Vol.185 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this paper, the enrichment of methane by membrane technology was studied by employing (i) a model as well as (ii) a real biogas mixture produced on a laboratory-scale. Thereafter, the endurance of the process was tested at an existing biogas plant. The commercial gas separation module under investigation contained hollow fiber membranes with a polyimide selective layer. During the measurements, the effect of critical factors (including the permeate-to-feed pressure ratio and the splitting factor) was sought in terms of the (i) CH<SUB>4</SUB> content on the retentate-side and (ii) CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery, which are important measures of biogas upgrading efficiency. The results indicated that a retentate with 93.8 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> – almost biomethane (>95 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB>) quality – could be obtained using the model gas (consisting of 80 vol% of CH<SUB>4</SUB> and 20 vol% of CO<SUB>2</SUB>) along with 77.4% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery in the single-stage permeation system. However, in the case of the real biogas mixture, ascribed primarily to inappropriate N<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> separation, the peak methane concentration noted was only 80.7 vol% with a corresponding 76% CH<SUB>4</SUB> recovery. Besides, longer-term experiments revealed the adequate time-stability of membrane purification, suggesting such a process is feasible under industrial conditions for the improvement of biogas quality.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Membrane gas separation was applied for biogas enrichment. </LI> <LI> Polyimide membrane was investigated to deliver biomethane. </LI> <LI> Significant variables affecting membrane performance were evaluated. </LI> <LI> Process efficiency was dependent on gas composition (model vs. real biogas). </LI> <LI> The gas permeation was steady in longer-terms using real biogas mixture. </LI> </UL> </P>

Isolation of rice T-DNA tagged mutants being resistant to brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthetic inhibitor Propiconazole (Pcz)

Claudia Corvalán,Soon Il Kwon,Haerim Kim,Doyeon Kim,Jewook Woo,Sunghwa Choe 한국육종학회 2015 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2015 No.07

Hormones play a crucial role in controlling physiological processes, and thus plants grow and develop in response to environmental cues through the interlocked actions of the hormones. Brassinosteroids (BRs) were found as growth-promoting steroid hormones. Rice, as a monocotyledonous model plants and the major staple crop, has been used to study BR action mechanisms. However, many components of BR pathways and the mechanisms of their molecular interactions have yet to be fully understood. Because the use of the BR biosynthetic inhibitor, Brassinazole (Brz), allowed us to identify important components of BR signaling such as the transcription factor BZR1, we decided to employ a similar strategy to identify novel signaling factors using propiconazole (Pcz), a new potent BR inhibitor. We screened a rice T-DNA mutant population which belongs to Dongjin variety and were developed by the Gene An’s group using pGA2715 T-DNA vector. Using Pcz treatments we searched for resistant plants, which were reflected on their lengths of roots and/or leaves. We isolated a total of 17 mutant lines, which are being analyzed phenotypically and at molecular level. So far, we have been able to found various lines presenting high or low yield compared to their wild type counterparts. We have found differences in panicle organization of these mutants. Our current experiments include the confirmation of Pcz resistance of these lines and molecular studies involving BR marker genes to understand the relation among yield and BR action in rice.

Hall conductivity and the vortex phase in MgB₂ thin films

Jung, Soon-Gil,Seong, W K,Huh, Ji Young,Lee, T G,Kang, W N,Choi, Eun-Mi,Kim, Heon-Jung,Lee, Sung-Ik IOP Publishing Ltd 2007 Superconductor science & technology Vol.20 No.3

<P>In a MgB<SUB>2</SUB> thin film superconductor, we have found that Hall conductivity (σ<SUB><I>xy</I></SUB>) is described by the sum of two terms, σ<SUB><I>xy</I></SUB> = <I>C</I><SUB>1</SUB>/<I>H</I>+<I>C</I><SUB>3</SUB><I>H</I>, where <I>C</I><SUB>1</SUB> and <I>C</I><SUB>3</SUB> are independent of the magnetic fields and have positive values. <I>C</I><SUB>1</SUB> is observed to be proportional to (1−<I>t</I>)<SUP><I>n</I></SUP> with <I>n</I> = 4.2, where <I>t</I> is the reduced temperature (<I>T</I>/<I>T</I><SUB>c</SUB>), and <I>C</I><SUB>3</SUB> is weakly dependent on the temperature. These results are consistent with those of the overdoped La<SUB>2−<I>x</I></SUB>Sr<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>CuO<SUB>4</SUB> superconductors. Based on Hall angle data, we obtained a vortex phase diagram with three regions, vortex-solid, crossover, and vortex-liquid regions in the <I>H</I>–<I>T</I> plane.</P>

Pistafolin B is the major aldose reductase inhibitor of the pods of tara [<i>Caesalpinia spinose</i> (Molina) Kuntze]

Wang, Zhiqiang,Guillen Quispe, Yanymee N.,Hwang, Seung Hwan,Zuo, Guanglei,Lim, Soon Sung Elsevier 2018 Industrial crops and products Vol.122 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aldose reductase, the pivotal enzyme in the polyol pathway, has been widely investigated as an enzyme critically involved in the onset and progression of various pathologies associated with diabetes mellitus. Investigation of the inhibitory effect of tara [<I>Caesalpinia spinosa</I> (Molina) Kuntze] pods extract on aldose reductase revealed that its <I>n</I>-butanol fraction exhibits excellent aldose reductase inhibitory activity <I>in vitro</I> and <I>ex vivo</I>. Methyl gallate and pistafolin B were isolated from the <I>n</I>-butanol fraction of the tara pod methanolic extract as the main contributors for its aldose reductase inhibition, guided by affinity-based ultrafiltration-high performance liquid chromatography, with pistafolin B being the more potent inhibitor of the two. <I>In vitro</I> and <I>in silico</I> results demonstrated that pistafolin B is a mixed-type inhibitor that can bind to the aldose reductase active site rapidly, preventing substrate access and product formation (IC<SUB>50</SUB>, 0.198 mM; <I>K</I> <SUB>i</SUB>, 0.34 mM). <I>Ex vivo</I> experiments indicated that pistafolin B can penetrate the eye lens and successfully inhibit aldose reductase under hyperglycaemic conditions, thus preventing the accumulation of sorbitol and the subsequent osmotic stress.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The inhibitory effects of tara pods on aldose reductase activity were investigated. </LI> <LI> <I>n</I>-Butanol fraction of tara pods extract showed best aldose reductase inhibition. </LI> <LI> Aldose reductase ultrafiltration-high pressure liquid chromatography was developed. </LI> <LI> Pistafolin B was identified as a novel aldose reductase inhibitor in tara pods. </LI> </UL> </P>

$MgB_2$ 초전도 박막의 홀 전도도의 온도 의존성

정순길,성원경,허지영,이태경,강원남,최은미,김형진,이성익,Jung, Soon-Gil,Seong, W.K.,Huh, Ji-Young,Lee, T.G.,Kang, W.N.,Choi, Eun-Mi,Kim, Hyeong-Jin,Lee, Sung-Ik 한국초전도학회 2007 Progress in superconductivity Vol.8 No.2

We have measured the Hall conductivity (${\sigma}_{xy}$) of c-axis-oriented $MgB_2$ thin films as functions of temperatures and magnetic fields. We found that the Hall conductivity (${\sigma}_{xy}$) is expressed by the sum of two terms, ${\sigma}_{xy}=C_l/H+C_3H$, where the coefficient $C_1\;and\;C_3$ are independent of the magnetic fields and have positive values. The coefficient $C_1$ is strongly dependent on the temperature, while the $C_3$ is weakly dependent on the temperature. We have obtained that the $C_1$ is proportional to $(1- T/T_c)^n$ with n = 4.2, which is consistent with the data observed in $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ superconductors with low anisotropy ratio.