대장내시경검사의 전처치로서 항콜린제 사용에 관한 연구 : 전향적, 이중맹검법으로

박경남,한동수,이민호,최호순,박준용,손주현,이오영,함준수,전용철,송승찬,기춘석,윤병철,이종희 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.3

Background: Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy is controversial but someone believes antispasmodic may improve visualization of colonic mucosa and ease colonoscope insertion. So, we designed a study to assess the effect of premedication with the antispasmodic, hyoscine-N-butyl bromide(Buscopan') on the performance of colonoscopy. Methods: This study was prospective, double blinded, randomized, controlled study, One hundred three consecutive patients were randomized to receive intravenous buscopan lml(n=52) or placebo(n=51) combined with our standard initial medication(me- peridine 50 mg and midazolam 2 mg). Insertion of colonoscopy was timed, and 100 mm visual analogue scales (VAS) were used for asscssing difficulty of procedure, colonic motility, frequency of positional change, frequency of external compression, difficulty of assistance and degree of discomfort experienced by the patients. Results: There were no significant differences of intubation time between buscopan group(mean time, 7.23 min., range 2~15) and placebo group(7.07 min., range 3-25), (p=0.83) and withdrawal time between buscopan group (6.46 min., range 2-22) and placebo group(6.76 min., range 2 25), (p=0.69). Also, there was no significant differences in intubation time between males and females(buscopan; males 7.00 min., females 7.60 min., p=0.34, placebo; males 7.0~5 min., females 7.08 min., p 0.44). The VAS scores checked by endoscopist(p=0.29), assistant(p=0.32) and patient (p=0.15) were not significantly different in both groups. There were no significant differences in intubation time, VAS scores nf endoscopist, assistant, and patients. Conclusion: Premedication with intravenous bu.opan has no advantage on colonoscopy procedure. Use of antispasmodic medication prior to colonoscopy was not considered as recommendable agent.

노인환자에서 척추마취시 Benzodiazepine 계 약물의 효과

조남수,김용일,유병식,정종달,임경준,김민출 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.2

Midazolam, a water soluble benzodiazepine, was compared with diazepam as the changes of eardiopulmonary function during sedation under the spinal anesthesia in elderly patients. The results were as follows; 1) Cardiovascular effect. At the conclusion after diazepam 0.05 mg/kg(Group D) or midazolam 0.02 mg/kg(Group M) injection, systolic, diastolic pressure and heart rate were significantly decreased(P$lt;0.05) in the both group from 3 min to 30 min, but maintained within normal range. However, it is not significant difference that each group. 2) Respiratory effect. SaO decreased significantly at 3 min. in M-group after midazolam injection but there was not significant difference from change in D-group. Respiratory rate, pH and PaCO₂ were not significantly changed between D-group and M-group. However, PaO₂ was significantly decreased(p$lt;0.05) within normal range at 3 min. in M-group after midazolam IV and significant difference between both groups. From the above results, We have concluded that IV administrationf small dose of diazepam or midaaolam during spinal anesthesia had a little changed in cardiopulmonary function. However, sedative effect was efficient.

Conversion of 6-gingerol to 6-shogaol in ginger (<i>Zingiber officinale</i>) pulp and peel during subcritical water extraction

Ko, Min-Jung,Nam, Hwa-Hyun,Chung, Myong-Soo Elsevier 2019 Food chemistry Vol.270 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Subcritical water extraction is an eco-friendly method for the extraction of less polar compounds without the use of organic solvents. This study determined the extraction conditions that maximize the contents of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol obtained from ginger pulp and peel. The highest yields of 6-gingerol (0.68 ± 0.08 mg/g), and 6-shogaol (0.39 ± 0.03 mg/g) were obtained from ginger pulp at the extraction conditions of 130 °C/25 min, and 190 °C/15 min. 6-Shogaol content increased with the increasing extraction temperature and extraction time due to the conversion of 6-gingerol to 6-shogaol by thermal cracking. The antioxidant activity of ginger extracts were increased depending on the increasing of 6-shogaol content.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Extraction of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from ginger was conducted by using subcritical water. </LI> <LI> The contents of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol from the peel were smaller than pulp. </LI> <LI> 6-Gingerol can be converted to 6-shogaol via processes of subcritical water extraction. </LI> <LI> The antioxidant activity was increased depending on the 6-shogaol content. </LI> </UL> </P>

응급실에서 기관내 삽관후 발생한 후두육아종 1례

조남수,김용배,조수형,송민엽,송성용 大韓應急醫學會 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.1

Endotracheal intubation has been used widely for the maintenance of airway in the emergency patient and CPR in the acute airway obstruction patient and to treat respiratory insufficiency. Endotracheal intubation has many advantages but it may cause several complications which rate about 4% of endotracheal intubation patient. Among these complications, laryngeal granuloma is a relatively rare complication arising about 1 case per 10,000∼20,000 cases. Authors report a case of laryngeal granuloma which developed after endotracheal intubation required during emergency treatment. Case: A 55-year old female patient visited Chosun University Hospital Emergency Room complaining of dyspnea, cyanosis and sweating on Feb. 8th 1995. According to past history, she had a little obesity, dyspnea on exercise and mild hypertension. At arrival, blood pressure was 240/110mmHg, pulse rate 150 rates/min, respiratory rate 12/min, body temperature 36.5℃ and cyanosis with sweating on whole body was observed. And the mental state was semicoma. At 5 minutes after arrival, sudden respiratory arrest developed and immediate endotracheal intubation which emergency treatment was performed it was difficult to intubate endotracheally due to short neck and obesity. At 1 hour after arrival, general condition of the patient recovered well and extubation was done. The patient was transferred to internal medicine department and discharged after 12 days of medical treatment. At 2 months after discharge, the patient felt a progressive hoarseness and foreign body sensation of larynx. She was diagnosed as laryngeal granuloma at ENT department of Chosun University. She underwent the surgical operation and discharged in good health after 7 days of admission.

큰뱀무 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 항노화에 관한 연구

김민지 ( Min Ji Kim ),양현갑 ( Hyun Gab Yang ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 대한화장품학회 2011 대한화장품학회지 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구에서는 큰뱀무 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 미백과 주름에 관련된 tyroinase, elastase 저해 효과에 관한 조사를 수행하였다. 추출물의 free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) 소거활성(FSC₅₀)은 ethyl acetate 분획에서 4.70 μg/mL로 측정되었다. Luminol-의존성 화학발광법을 이용한 Fe³⁺-EDTA/H₂O₂ 계에서 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)에 대한 큰뱀무 추출물의 총 항산화능은 ethyl acetate 분획 0.22 μg/mL로, ethyl acetate 분획에서 가장 큰 활성을 나타내었다. 큰뱀무 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈에 대한 억제 효과를 측정하였다. 큰뱀무 추출물의 경우 1 ~ 25 μg/mL의 농도에서 광용혈을 억제하였다. 특히 ethyl acetate 분획은 10 μg/mL 농도에서 τ₅₀이 416.20 min으로 매우 큰 세포보호 효과를 나타내었다. 미백 효과측정으로는 tyrosinase의 활성 저해 효과(IC₅₀)를 측정하였는데 ethyl acetate 분획에서 95.23 μg/mL로 나타났으며 elastase의 활성 저해 효과(IC₅₀)는 50 % 에탄올 추출물과 ethyl acetate 분획이 각각 6.27, 4.31 μg/mL로 나타났다. 이상의 결과들은 큰뱀무 추출물이 ¹O₂ 혹은 다른 ROS를 소광시키거나 소거함으로써, 그리고 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 보호함으로써 생체계, 특히 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부에서 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있음을 가리킨다. 또한 큰뱀무 추출물의 ethyl acetate 분획의 tyrosinase, elastase 저해활성으로부터 항산화 및 항노화 화장품 소재로서의 응용 가능성을 확인하였다. In this study, antioxidative effects and inhibitory effects of Geum aleppicum Jacq. extracts on tyrosinase and elastase were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of G. aleppicum Jacq. extract (4.70 μg/mL) showed the most prominent free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity (FSC₅₀). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activities (OSC₅₀) of some G. aleppicum Jacq. extracts on ROS generated in Fe³⁺-EDTA/ H₂O₂ system were investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the most prominent ROS scavenging activity (0.22 μg/mL). The protective effects of extract/fraction of G. aleppicum Jacq. against the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. The G. aleppicum Jacq. extracts suppressed photohemolysis in a concentration dependent manner (1 ~ 25 μg/mL), particularly the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most prominent celluar protective effect (τ₅₀, 416.20 min at 10 μg/mL). The inhibitory effect of G. aleppicum Jacq. extracts on tyrosinase and elastase were investigated to assess their whitening and anti-winkle efficacy. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of the ethyl acetate fraction on tyrosinase was 95.23 μg/mL. The IC₅₀ of 50 % ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction on elastase were 6.27 μg/mL and 4.31 μg/mL, respectively. These results indicate that extract/fraction of G. aleppicum Jacq. can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging ¹O₂ and other ROS, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. Especially the ethyl acetate fraction of G. aleppicum Jacq. extracts could be applicable to new functional cosmetics for antioxidant, antiaging.

간질환환자의 위내용물 배출시간에 관한 연구

함준수(Joon Soo Hahm),이동후(Dong Hoo Lee),박경남(Kyung Nam Park),이민호(Min Ho Lee),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),기춘석(Choon Suck Kee),유대현(Dae Hyun Yoo) 대한소화기학회 1989 대한소화기학회지 Vol.21 No.2

N/A Gastric emptying time(GET) is influenced by several factors, such as neura), hormonal and composi- tion and physiochemical properties of food. The patients with delayed GET have some upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as recurrent nausea, vomiting, postprandia! Bloating, anorexia, and iveight loss. And also, almost of acute hepatitis and a part of chronic ]iver disease patients have similar symptoms of the patients with delayed GET. Therefore We performed GET measurement in liver disease patients to identify the relationship between nonspecific upper gastrointestinal symp- toms and gastric emptying function. The resu]ts are as followings; 1) Total ]iver disease patients are 28 in number, composed of acute hepatitis 3, chronic hepatitis 18, liver cirrhosis 7. 2) The GET(T1/2) of liver disease patients was delayed significantly than that of the normal volunteers. (Mean+SE;120.8+6.6 vs 89.4+5.9 mins.) 3) The GET of the symptomatic patients (N = 20 ) ivas 128.3+6.8 mins (Mean+SE), and that of the asymptomatic patients (N =8) was 101.8+13.2 mins. The symptomatic patients have delayed GET in 10 patients and asymptomatic patients have delayed GET in 3. 4) The GET of the patients who have elevated serum transaminase level higher than twice of normal is delayed significantly than that of the patients who have serum transaminase level lower than twice of normal. (Mean+SE; 143.4+2.6 vs 110.0+7.4 mins.)

Production of Iron-Binding Peptides from Colostral Whey by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Kim, Sang-Bum,Ku, Min-Jung,Cho, Won-Mo,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Hyeon-Shup,Nam, Myoung-Soo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Colostral whey prepared from colostrum (pooled from first six post-partum milkings) was heated for 10 min at $100^{\circ}C$ Heated colostral whey was incubated with 1% enzymes (protein equivalent basis) for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min at $50^{\circ}C$. Papain, pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase produced different degrees of hydrolysis (DH), 10.66%, 12.42%, 10.83%, and 25.31%, respectively, at an incubation time of 120 min. The SDS-PAGE reveals that significant amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA), ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-LG), and ${\alpha}$-lactalbumin (${\alpha}$-LA) survived papain digestion. In contrast, pepsin completely removed BSA but not ${\beta}$-LG present in heated colostral whey. Alcalase completely eliminated BSA, ${\beta}$-LG, and ${\alpha}$-LA. This differential hydrolysis was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC analysis. Using ion-exchange chromatography, fraction-1 (F-1) was obtained from alcalase hydrolysate at a NaCl gradient concentration of 0.25 M. Reversed-phase HPLC chromatograms of alcalase F-1 showed numerous small peaks, which probably indicate that a variety of new peptides were produced. Iron content of alcalase F-1 was 28.94 ppm, which was the highest among all enzyme fractions, whereas iron content of colostral whey was 36.56 ppm. Main amino acids contained in alcalase F-1 were Thr (15.45%), Glu (14.12%), and Ser (10.39%). Therefore, alcalase can be used to generate good iron-binding peptides in heated colostral whey, and the resulting iron-binding peptides could be suitable as a value-added food ingredient for food supplements.

Production of Iron-Binding Peptides from Colostral Whey by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Sang Bum Kim,Myoung Soo Nam,Kwang Seok Ki,Hyeon Shup Kim,Min Jung Ku,Won Mo Cho 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Colostral whey prepared from colostrum (pooled from first six post-partum milkings) was heated for 10 min at 100oC. Heated colostral whey was incubated with 1% enzymes (protein equivalent basis) for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min at 50oC. Papain, pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase produced different degrees of hydrolysis (DH), 10.66%, 12.42%, 10.83%, and 25.31%, respectively, at an incubation time of 120 min. The SDS-PAGE reveals that significant amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA), β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) survived papain digestion. In contrast, pepsin completely removed BSA but not β-LG present in heated colostral whey. Alcalase completely eliminated BSA, β-LG, and α-LA. This differential hydrolysis was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC analysis. Using ion-exchange chromatography, fraction-1 (F-1) was obtained from alcalase hydrolysate at a NaCl gradient concentration of 0.25 M. Reversed-phase HPLC chromatograms of alcalase F-1 showed numerous small peaks, which probably indicate that a variety of new peptides were produced. Iron content of alcalase F-1 was 28.94 ppm, which was the highest among all enzyme fractions, whereas iron content of colostral whey was 36.56 ppm. Main amino acids contained in alcalase F-1 were Thr (15.45%), Glu (14.12%), and Ser (10.39%). Therefore, alcalase can be used to generate good iron-binding peptides in heated colostral whey, and the resulting iron-binding peptides could be suitable as a value-added food ingredient for food supplements.

The relationship between aerobic capacity and the recruitment of activated sweat gland density with passive heating

( Tae Wook Kim ),( Jong Hyuck Kim ),( Nam Eun Bae ),( Hyung Seok Seo ),( Young Soo Baik ),( Jeong Beom Lee ),( Hun Mo Yang ),( Young Ki Min ) 한국운동영양학회 2012 Journal of exercise nutrition & biochemistry Vol.16 No.4

This study investigated whether the recruitment of activated sweat gland density during passive heating [immersion of the lower body into hot water, 41℃ for 30 min (PH), room temperature 23 ± 0.5℃ with 60 ± 3% relative humidity] is different in endurance-trained (Trainee), compared with that of untrained subjects (Control), as indicated by VO2max. Eight trainees and seven control female subjects (38.31 ± 4.91 ml·kg-1·min-1 and 31.8 ± 0.92 ml·kg-1·min-1, respectively, p < 0.01) were similar on all other physical characteristics. To compare the changes between the trainees and controls, serum cortisol and prolactin (PRL), tympanic temperature (TYMP), local activated sweat gland density (L-ASGD) and the mean whole body sweat loss volume (M-WBSLV) changes were measured after PH. The cortisol was significantly higher (p < 0.05) and the PRL tended to be higher in the Trainee than in the Control. The TYMP increased more in the Trainee than in the Control (p < 0.001). The L-ASGD showed a higher tendency in the Trainee than in the Control, there was a significant difference in the mean activated sweat gland density (p < 0.01) and the L-ASGD was significantly correlated with the VO2max (p < 0.001). The M-WBSLV was significantly higher in the Trainee (p < 0.001) and significantly correlated with the VO2max (p < 0.001). The results suggest that in humans, a high aerobic capacity is associated with a greater recruitment of activated sweat glands, whole body loss of volume and TYMP. Therefore, the decline in the heat loss responses, due to decrease in maximal oxygen consumption, may be masked by repeated endurance exercise training.

금불초 종(種) 및 개화시기에 따른 금불초 꽃 추출물의 항산화 효능

권순식 ( Soon Sik Kwon ),전소하 ( So Ha Jeon ),전지민 ( Ji Min Jeon ),천종우 ( Jong Woo Cheon ),박수남 ( Soo Nam Park ) 대한화장품학회 2013 대한화장품학회지 Vol.39 No.3

본 연구에서는 금불초(Inula britannica) 종(種) 및 개화시기에 따른 금불초 추출물의 항산화 효능을 알아보았다. 이들 추출물의 free radical 소거활성을 살펴본 결과, 만개한 금불초 꽃(I. britannica var. chinensis) 추출물의 경우 500 μg/mL의 농도에서 79.89%의 free radical 소거활성을 보였으나, 금불초 유사종인 가는 금불초(I. britannica var. linariaefolia Regel), 가지 금불초(I. britannica var. ramosa) 및 버들 금불초(I. salicina var. asiatica)의 꽃 추출물의 경우 free radical 소거활성이 거의 나타나지 않았다. 또한 꽃이 만개하였을 경우 꽃 추출물 분획에서는 93.62%의 free radical 소거활성을 보였으며, 봉우리 추출물 분획은 43.28%, 낙화추출물 분획은 14.11%를 나타냈다. 금불초의 종 및 개화시기를 선정 후, 추출용매, 온도, 시간을 조절하여 최적의 추출조건을 확립하였다. 그 결과, 65 ℃ 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 DPPH free radical 소거활성이 나타났으며, 시간에 따른 유의적 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 만개한 금불초 꽃 추출물에 대하여 rose-bengal로 증감된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈 실험에서 세포보호효과를 측정한 결과, 5 ~ 50 μg/mL의 범위에서 농도 의존적으로 세포 보호 효과를 나타내었다. 특히 50 μg/mL의 농도에서 τ50이 116.1 min으로 비교물질인 (+)-α-tocopherol에 비해 1.58배 더 큰 세포 보호활성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. HPLC로 금불초 꽃 추출물을 분석한 결과 flavonoid의 일종인 quercetin이 다량 함유되어 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들은, 65 ℃ 에탄올로 추출한 만개한 금불초 꽃 추출물의 경우 다량의 quercetin을 함유하며, 그로 인하여 free radical 소거활성 및 ROS에 대항하여 세포막을 효과적으로 보호함으로써 태양 자외선에 노출된 피부를 보호하는 항산화제로서 작용할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 기능성 화장품 원료로서 응용 가능성이 있음을 시사한다. In this study, antioxidative effects of the extracts of different species and flowering periods of Inula britannica were investigated. According to the free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity of the extracts, The I. britannica var. chinensis flower extract (500 μg/mL) was measured in a 79.89% free radical scavenging activity, but the flower extracts of similar species (I. britannica var. linariaefolia Regel, I. britannica var. ramosa, I. salicina var. asiatica) did not show any effect on the free radical scavenging activity. The effects of the free radical scavenging activity of I. britannica var. chinensis flower extracts were exhibited in the order of full bloom (93.68%), bud (43.28%), and fallen blossom (14.11%). Next, we established optimum condition of extract solvent, temperature, extraction time. The extract from ethanol at 60 ℃ showed the most free radical scavenging activity among other conditions and extraction time not relevant in free radical scavenging activity. The protective effects of the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower on the photohemolysis of human erythrocytes by using rose bengal were increased in a concentration-dependent manner (5 ∼ 50 μg/mL). In particular, the extract in 50 μg/mL concentration exhibited better protective activity (τ₅₀ = 116.1 min) than (+)-α-tocopherol (τ₅₀ = 73.44 min), which is a known lipophilic antioxidant. Principle component of I. britannica var. chinensis flower was identified as quercetin of flavonoids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These results indicate that the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower can function as antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by scavenging free radical and ¹O₂, and protect cellular membranes against ROS. It is concluded that the antioxidative effects of the extract of I. britannica var. chinensis flower could be applicable to functional cosmetics.