Adiponectin Enhance Lipid Synthetic Ability of Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

( Seung-phil Hong ),( Jihong Song ),( Minyoung Jung ),( Taewon Jin ),( Myung Im ),( Seong-jin Kim ),( Seong-jun Seo ) 한국피부장벽학회 2016 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Adiponectin is one of adipokines that is abundant in plasma in various oligomeric forms. The functions of adiponectin in endocrine system have been reported to enhance insulin sensitivity, induce fatty acid oxidation and regulate energy expenditure. Adiponectin via adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) increases AMP-activated kinase(AMPK)/SirT1 and PPARs activities, as well as sphingosine-1-phosphate, which could protect from apoptosis. Recently, biopositive recovery functions of adiponectin system have been widely investigated in various tissues including liver, muscle, vessels, and heart. However, there is limited data in the field of skin research, especially the skin barrier. Therefore, we have investigated to elucidate the effects of adiponectin system on the epidermal permeability barrier. Through preliminary studies, we found that both AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 are expressed in the epidermis, and their expressions are decreased in the skin of aged person and patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Adiponectin treatment in primary keratinocyte improved the epidermal differentiation and antimicrobial barrier. Adiponectin also decreased the premature senescence process of keratinocyte. The lipid synthesis in human keratinocyte was also increased by adiponectin treatment. Although it has been under study, we would like to present the recent data and discuss about the roles of adiponectin system in the skin barrier.

The pathophysiology of sensitive skin

( Seung-phil Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.1

Medical Effects of Thermal Spring Water/Spa Therapy on The Skin and Its Application in Cosmetics

( Hong Seung Phil ),( Jeong Se Kyoo ),( Jin Eun Mi ),( Seo Hee Seok ),( Ryu Taeui ) 한국피부장벽학회 2017 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Worldwide, since hundreds of years ago, various types of thermal spring water/spa treatments for various diseases have been done as folk remedies. And a considerable number of people still have the belief that they are good for fatigue, musculoskeletal disorders and skin. However, with the development of modern medicine, various methods of treatment that have been proven scientifically have come out and so thermal spring water/spa treatments don’t gain popularity or belief as the past. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to investigate the possibility of developing the skin medicine in the hot spring spa. Although a number of studies have suggested various efficacies of spa therapy on the skin physiology, recent results of the systemic review of the efficacy of balneotherapy by analyzing the Cochrane database suggest that no objective evidence has yet been found. This phenomenon is due to the fact that most of the spa therapy researches in the past are in vitro, and the clinical studies are not blinded randomized controlled studies. In addition, there are various aspects and treatments applied to each hot spring water, making it hard to compare. However, in the area of cosmetics, there is a room to utilize hot springs or spa to establish the product concepts that utilize the characteristics of each product beyond the actual efficacy, when referring to overseas famous products that show successful marketing utilizing the concept of hot spring water. Most importantly, we need to establish a basis for organizing efficacy through more in vitro and clinical studies and more data on hot spring components.

The pathophysiology of sensitive skin

( Seung-phil Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.73 No.-

Assessment of Skin Barrier Function and Moisturizer Efficacy

( Seung Phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2014 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The stratum corneum (SC) serves as a main barrier for the skin, minimizing water loss andregulating absorption of substances. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), based on the estimation of the water vapor gradient in the chamber, and skin hydration, reflects the water content of the SC, have been widely used to evaluate skin barrier function. Measurement of TEWL and hydration can also offer the possibility to monitor in vivo the effect of topical treatment in an objective and non-invasive way on the skin. Besides, many techniques are amenable to investigating its content and function of the barrier and the moisturizer. Here, I review the non-invasive methods employed to evaluate the function of skin barrier and the efficacy of moisturizer.

Recent Advance in the Skin Barrier Research from 2012 to the First Half of 2013

( Seung Phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2013 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Apart from classic stratum corneum components, the current field of research for skin barrier has become very diverse and extended which now includes studies of tight junction barrier called the liquid - liquid barrier, the interaction between innate barrier function and immunologic responses, and genetic issues for epidermal development and differentiation. In addition to the classic x-ray diffraction for investigating lipid organization and the array to knockout mouse model for revealing the role of specific gene, a diversity of the latest research methods have been introduced. It may be impossible to keep up all of these trends, but reviewing overall trends and notable studies may be helpful for both basic researchers and related industries. For this purpose, this review highlights some of the research advances in the skin barrier and atopic dermatitis that were reported from 2012 up to date in Pubmed.

The Clinical Assessment of Cosmetic Products for The Management of Atopic Dermatitis

( Seung-phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2016 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease featured by defects in the skin barrier function and cutaneous inflammation, in which transepidermal water loss is increased and the ability of the stratum corneum to hold water is impaired. The diminished barrier function seen in patients with AD contributes to their striking susceptibility to colonization and infection of pathogens and an increased penetration of allergens. Because it is known that moisturizers play an important role in improving skin barrier and preventing skin inflammation, the use of moisturizers is strongly emphasized in the treatment of AD. In this situation, clinicians have to choice and recommend a proper moisturizer for their patient among many products in the market. Accordingly, the suitability of assessment methods in the clinical study with cosmetic products is important issue to accept the moisturizer as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of AD. This section will review representative clinical reports with cosmetic products (moisturizers) in patients with AD and then discuss about the proper clinical assessment methods.

Adiponectin Enhances Human Keratinocyte Lipid Synthesis via SIRT1 and Nuclear Hormone Receptor Signaling

Hong, Seung-Phil,Seo, Hee-Seok,Shin, Kyong-Oh,Park, Kyungho,Park, Byung Cheol,Kim, Myung Hwa,Park, Myungjin,Kim, Chang-Deok,Seo, Seong Jun Elsevier 2019 The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol.139 No.3

Histopathologic review of longitudinal melanonychia: single secondary referral center

( Seung Gi Hong ),( Sun Young Jo ),( Han Him Jeong ),( Hong Pil Jeong ),( Hyun Joo Lee ),( Jae Wan Go ),( Eun Phil Heo ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.2

Background: Longitudinal melanonychia is characterized by pigmented bands on the nail plate. It caused by deposition of either melanin or other substances, and associated with activation or proliferation of nail matrix melanocytes. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the histopathological findings of longitudinal melanonychia in Korean single secondary referral center patients. Methods: In our study, 46 patients with longitudinal melanonychia who visited our clinic from January 2012 to December 2018 were included. We retrospectively reviewed the histopathologic findings that confirmed by biopsy in 47 cases of longitudinal melanonychia. Results: Of the 47 affected nail plates, 33 (70.2%) were fingernails, and longitudinal melanonychia was detected most frequently in the left 1st fingernail (25.5%). Nail matrix nevus was most common (28.3%), followed by subungual melanoma (26.1%), and nail apparatus lentigo (21.7%). 13 patients (28.3%) diagnosed with malignancy, including one with basal cell carcinoma, and 76.9% (10/13 patients) showed a positive Hutchinson’s sign were diagnosed with malignancy. There were 4 patients with accompanying nail plate deformation or ulcers, and of these, 2 patients (50%) were diagnosed with malignancy. Conclusion: This study presented variable histopathologic features of longitudinal melanonychia. We should be considering various conditions as well as melanoma, and determine the appropriate management in patients with longitudinal melanonychia.

Basic Concept and Components of Skin Barrier

( Seung Phil Hong ) 한국피부장벽학회 2011 한국피부장벽학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The skin forms an effective barrier between the organism and the environment preventing invasion of pathogens and fending off chemical and physical assaults, as well as the unregulated loss of water and solutes within our body. Two compartment model, also called as ``bricks and mortar model`` has been the best explanation for the structure of epidermal permeability barrier. It consists of protein-enriched cells as bricks (corneocytes with cornified envelope and cytoskeletal elements, as well as corneodesmosomes) and lipid-enriched intercellular domains as mortar. During epidermal differentiation lipids are synthesized in the keratinocytes and extruded into the extracellular domains, where they form extracellular lipid-enriched layers. The lipids that constitute the extracellular matrix have a unique composition and are 50% ceramides, 25% cholesterol, and 15% free fatty acids. The cornified cell envelope, a tough protein-lipid polymer structure, resides below the cytoplasmic membrane on the exterior of the corneocytes. Ceramides are covalently bound to cornified envelope proteins and form the backbone for the subsequent addition of free ceramides, free fatty acids and cholesterol in the stratum corneum. Changes in epidermal differentiation and lipid composition lead to a disturbed skin barrier, which is important for the pathogenesis of contact dermatitis, ichthyosis, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. This review introduces an overview of major components of the skin barrier, explaining how barrier function is regulated.