배역 교환을 통한 성 역할 전복 : Caryl Churchill의 Cloud Nine을 중심으로

이민성 新羅大學校 人文科學硏究所 2000 白楊人文論集 Vol.5 No.-

Churchill, one of the socialistic feminist dramatists, attempts various experimental stages and dramatic techniques to develop her message. This paper traces Churchill's Cloud Nine, which shows maturity and perspective in the development of Churchill's craft, in the context of 'cross-casting' and 'doubling' of her dramatic techniques. In this play, she shows the inconformity between an actor's gender and role, and suggests that gender role is not biological factor but a product of social and cultural ideologies, by exchanging the sex of characters (cross-casting). In Act One, she shows several examples of cross-casting such as an actor playing the role of a woman, an actress playing the role of a man, and a white actor playing the role of a black man, etc. Through this technique, the audience recognizes the oppressed selves of characters. In Act Two, the characters of Act One are recasted (doubling) and described as liberated selves of characters through right-gendering and changing their clothes with one another. But now they are confused between the conventional role and the expectable role and are still searching for their own selves. With doubling and cross-casting to make intricate connections between different contexts, Cloud Nine reflects many possibilities inherent in the real world, and these possibilities subvert conventional ideas about the individuality or integrity of character. But she doesn't suggest any solution but just the possibility of change. Open-endedness makes the audience reflect on what they are seeing and rethink their established roles.

사상체질 유형에 따른 손바닥문, 손금의 특징

정민석,김이석,박성식 한국한의학연구원 1999 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.5 No.1

In Sasang constitutional medicine, the classification of Sasang constitutional types (Tae-Yang, Tae-Eum, So-Yang, and SO-Eum) is importnat for the treatment. There are some problems with the methods used for classifying Sasang constitutional types ; old methods such as pulse-palpation are not considered objective and recent methods such as immunohematology are considered expensive, painful and time-consuming. To overcome these problems, a body measurement and finger prints analysis were performed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the palm prints and the palm creases could be helpful in classifying Sasang constitutional types. Thus, we looked for characteristics of the palm prints and the palm creates according to Sasang constitutional types. Before analyzing the palm prints and palm creases, 760 Koreans (465 males, 295 females) were surveyed using two kinds of questionnaires for classifying Sasang constitutional types. As there were no Tae-Yang individuals, we were only able to identify the characteristics of the palm prints and the palm creases for Tae-Eum (288 persons), So-Yang(193 persons), and So-Eum (279 persons) individuals. In this study, the terminal point 11 and closed crease were frequent in Tae-Eum individuals; whereas, terminal point 7 and open crease were frequent in So-Eum individuals. Therefore, the palm prints and the palm creases seem to contribute to the classification of Sasang constitutional types.

高周波 通信用 FIR Digital 필터의 設計

洪國泰,李成大,鄭康敏 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.45 No.2

In this paper, a programmable high-sample-rate FIR digital filter was designed for a highbandwidth communication system. A fully parallel bit-level pipelined transpose-form carrysave architecture using CSD coefficients was adopted for high-speed operation. In this system, multiplication can be translated to simple shift-addition processes. For programmability of filter coefficients, two decoders and a few registers are added, and the shifting processes of input data are controlled according to the data registered. Therefore, the speed performance of the designed filter is comparable to the case of a non- programmable filter.

표본화 및 유지회로 성능향상에 관한 연구

홍국태,이성대,정강민 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1995 論文集 Vol.46 No.1

In this paper, a high speed, high accuracy sample and hold circuit that minimizes the hold step error by using a new circuit architecture is proposed. This new sample-and-hold scheme takes advantages of the speed of the open loop sample-and-hold circuit in the SAMPLE time and the cancellation of charge injection in the HOLD time. It operates above 50MHz with 0.3mV hold step error.

A Time-Based Receiver With 2-Tap Decision Feedback Equalizer for Single-Ended Mobile DRAM Interface

Yi, Il-Min,Chae, Min-Kyun,Hyun, Seok-Hun,Bae, Seung-Jun,Choi, Jung-Hwan,Jang, Seong-Jin,Kim, Byungsub,Sim, Jae-Yoon,Park, Hong-June IEEE 2018 IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol.53 No.1

<P>A time-based (TB) receiver (RX) with a 2-tap TB decision feedback equalizer (DFE) is proposed for mobile DRAM interface. The TB RX consists of a voltage-to-time converter (VTC), a TB DFE, and a time comparator. The VTC converts the RX input voltage to a time difference between two VTC outputs by using the difference in clock-to-Q delays between two latches with different input offset voltages. The TB DFE inserts an additional delay to one of the two VTC outputs and bypasses the other VTC output to increase the time opening. The time comparator makes a decision with the first arriving edge of the two outputs of the TB DFE. While the feedback loop delay must be less than 1 UI for proper operation in the conventional voltage-based DFE, the TB DFE allows the feedback loop delay up to 1.43 UI in this paper. A transmitter (TX) transmits a single-ended signal of 200-mV swing by using an n-over-n voltage-mode driver. The transceiver in a 65-nm CMOS process achieves a 12.5 Gb/s with a 0.8-V supply through a 15-inch FR-4 channel of 14-dB loss. The TX and RX chip consume 4.3 and 3.4 mA, respectively. The energy efficiency is 0.49 pJ/b.</P>

Survey of Korean pediatrician’s perceptions of barriers to and improvements in breastfeeding

Bae Seong Phil,Lee Woo Ryoung,Hahn Won-Ho,Hahn Won-Ho,Ahn Young Min,Shin Son Moon,Kim Yong Joo,Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan,Shin Youn Jeong,Yi Dae Yong,Lee Soon Min,Lee Soon Min,Lee Jin A,Chung Sung-Hoon,Jung Eu 대한소아청소년과학회 2022 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.65 No.11

Background: Although the benefits of breastfeeding are broadly acknowledged with the efforts of the government and several medical societies, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding through 6 months is lower in Korea than in developed countries.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate pediatricians’ perceptions of breastfeeding barriers and the current breastfeeding counseling environment and propose government policies to encourage breastfeeding in Korea.Methods: Fourteen survey questions were developed during meetings of Korean Society of Breastfeeding Medicine experts. The Korean Pediatric Society emailed a structured questionnaire to domestic pediatricians registered as official members of the Korean Pediatric Society on May 4, 2021, and June 3, 2021. This study examined the survey responses received from 168 pediatricians.Results: The 168 respondents included 62 professors, 53 paid doctors, and 53 private physicians. Breastfeeding was recommended by 146 Korean pediatricians (86.9%). However, only 99 responders (59%) currently provide breastfeeding counseling in hospitals. Most respondents stated providing less than 15 minutes of breastfeeding counseling time in the clinic. Moreover, 89.88% of the respondents responded that they would participate in breastfeeding counseling education if an appropriate breastfeeding counseling program was newly established.Conclusion: This study showed that, although Korean pediatricians had a positive attitude toward breastfeeding, limited counseling was provided for parents. Along with policy support to improve the medical environment through the establishment of an appropriate breastfeeding counseling program, high-quality counseling and an increased breastfeeding rate are expected.

Differential effects of treadmill exercise on cyclooxygenase-2 in the rat hippocampus at early and chronic stages of diabetes

Sung Min Nam,Sun Shin Yi,Ki-Yeon Yoo,Ok Kyu Park,Bingchun Yan,Wook Song,Moo-Ho Won,Yeo Sung Yoon,Je Kyung Seong 한국실험동물학회 2011 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.27 No.3

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is believed to be a multifunctional neural modulator that affects synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the differential effects of treadmill exercise on COX-2 immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus in early and chronic diabetic stages in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and lean control (ZLC) rats. To this end, ZLC and ZDF rats at 6 or 23 weeks of age were put on a treadmill with or without running for 1 h/day for 5 consecutive days at 16-22 m/min for 5 weeks or 12-16 m/min for 7 weeks, respectively. Treadmill exercise in prediabetic and chronic diabetic rats significantly reduced blood glucose levels. In particular, exercise in the prediabetic rat blocked the onset of diabetes. COX-2 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and stratum pyramidale of the CA3 region in all groups. COX-2 immunoreactivity was significantly increased in these regions of ZLC and ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the early diabetic stage. However, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not changed in these regions in ZDF rats after treadmill exercise in the chronic stage. These results suggest that treadmill exercise in diabetic animals in the chronic stage has limited ability to cause plasticity in the dentate gyrus.

Analysis of Infections Occurring in Breast Cancer Patients after Breast Conserving Surgery Using Mesh

Jin Seong Cho,Sun Hyoung Shin,Ji Young Park,Young Ju Song,Jeong Min Yi,Min Ho Park,Jung Han Yoon,Young Jong Jegal,Ji Sin Yi,Seong Ja An,Hwo Soon Lim 한국유방암학회 2011 Journal of breast cancer Vol.14 No.4

Purpose: Breast conserving surgery using mesh can effectively fill the defective space, but there is the risk of infection. Methods: From June 2007 to August 2010, 243 patients who underwent breast conserving surgery with polyglactin 910 mesh insert for breast cancer at our institution were retrospectively studied. Results: Infection occurred in 25 (10.3%) of 243 patients. When comparing the infection and non-infection groups in multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference in age, underlying disease, preoperative biopsy methods, mass location, axillary lymph node dissection, operative methods, neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy use, mass size and removed breast volume. The infection appeared more common only in patients with body mass index (BMI) greater than 25. Infection symptoms occurred, on average, 119.5 days after surgery, and the average duration of the required treatment was 34.4 days. Out of 25 patients with postoperative infection complications, 16 (64%) patients underwent incision and drainage with mesh removal, whereas the remaining 9 (36%) only required conservative treatment. Conclusion: During breast conserving surgery, the risk of infection is increased in patients with high BMI, and should be taken into account when considering insertion of a polyglactin 910 mesh. Patient’s age, underlying disease and perioperative treatment methods were not significant risk factors for developing mesh infection. Given that most infections seem to develop symptoms one month after surgery, a long enough observation period should be initiated. Early detection and appropriate conservative treatments may effectively address infections, thus reducing the need for more invasive therapies.

A 40 mV-Differential-Channel-Swing Transceiver Using a RX Current-Integrating TIA and a TX Pre-Emphasis Equalizer With a CML Driver at 9 Gb/s

Il-Min Yi,Soo-Min Lee,Seung-Jun Bae,Young-Soo Sohn,Jung-Hwan Choi,Seong-Jin Jang,Byungsub Kim,Jae-Yoon Sim,Hong-June Park IEEE 2016 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS PART 1 R Vol.63 No.1

<P>A differential transceiver achieves a 40 mVppd channel signal-swing, a 9 mVppd receiver (RX) input sensitivity, and a 0.59 pJ/b energy efficiency at 9 Gb/s with a 12' FR-4 channel. A current-integrating TIA (CI-TIA) is proposed as a RX pre-amplifier to enhance the RX input sensitivity by increasing the voltage gain of the CI-TIA to around 18 at 9 Gb/s. The RX circuit alone works up to 11 Gb/s with a 1' FR-4 channel. A voltage-mode pre-emphasis equalizer is combined with a current-mode logic (CML) driver at transmitter (TX) to save the low-frequency de-emphasis current of the conventional current-mode equalizer combined with a CML driver. The voltage-mode equalizer consists of a series connection of an inverter and a capacitor; the equalization coefficient is proportional to the supply voltage of the inverter. The transceiver chip in a 65 nm CMOS process consumes 2.8 mW at TX and 2.5 mW at RX with a 1 V supply and a 12' FR-4 channel at 9 Gb/s.</P>

규칙적인 걷기운동이 비만 여중생들의 신체조성, 체력 및 혈압의 변화에 미치는 효과

성기동(Sung, Gi-dong),손원목(Son, Won-mok),하민성(Ha, Min-Seong),곽이섭(Kwak, Yi-Sub) 한국웰니스학회 2016 한국웰니스학회지 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 12주간의 걷기 운동프로그램이 비만여중생들의 신체조성, 체력 및 혈압에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 알아보는 것이다. 본 운동프로그램은 준비운동 5분, 본 운동 30분, 정리운동 5분으로 총 40분 주 5회 실시하였으며, 연구의 대상자는 체지방률 30%이상인 비만 여중생 운동군 10명, 대조군 10명 총 20명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 본 운동프로그램 실시 전, 12주 후의 결과를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 신체조성 중 체중은 운동군이 운동 실시 후 유의하게 감소하였고, 운동군이 대조군 보다 유의하게 감소하였다. BMI는 대조군이 운동 실시 후 유의하게 증가하였고, 대조군이 운동군보다 유의하게 증가하였다. 체지방률은 운동군이 운동 실시 후 유의하게 감소하였고, 운동군이 대조군 보다 유의하게 감소하였다. 체력에서 유연성, 심페지구력은 운동 실시 후 운동군이 유의하게 증가하였고, 순발력은 운동군이 대조군보다 운동 참여 후 유의하게 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 이 연구를 통하여 비만 여중생의 비만을 개선할 수 있다는 것을 알 수 있어, 추후 비만 여중생의 운동형태, 운동기간 및 식습관 등을 포함한 연구가 진행될 필요성을 가지고 있다. This study investigated the effect of 12 weeks" walking exercise program in female middle school students with obesity body composition, physical fitness, blood pressure. This exercise program of warm up 5 min, main exercise 30 min and cool down 5 min, 5 times a week for a total 12 weeks. As research subjects, 20 female middle school students were selected who were exercise group (n=10), control group (n=10), with over 30% of body fat percentage. This study came to the following conclusion by observing the subjects before the exercise program and 0 weeks and 12 weeks after the exercise program. Body composition in exercise group significantly decreased and exercise group was decreased than control group. Flexibility and Cardiorespiratory Endurance in exercise group significantly increased, React instantly in the exercise group significantly decreased than that of control group. Consequently, the results of this study showed that regular walking exercise iimproved obesity, is considered to suggest improving the female middle school students with obesity. For further studies, it seems necessary to carry out an accurate observation into obese female middle school exercise types, various periods of exercise, and even their eating habits, which is different from the research subjects for this study.