전경대원에서 발생한 결핵의 임상 양상

문창기,박상준,조민구,김영중,김소연,김윤권,정준오,안석진,김은실,서승오,김지훈,최원제,이윤영,박형기,최규영,김현근 대한감염학회 2006 감염과 화학요법 Vol.38 No.6

Background: The purpose of this study was to document the incidence and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in combat and auxiliary police, living in a group, in Korea where the incidence rate of active TB in a general population is higher than in Western countries. Materials and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all tuberculosis patients diagnosed at National Police Hospital from January 2002 through December 2004. Results:In 2002-2004, a total of 156 cases of tuberculosis were identified with the mean (Standard deviation) age of 20.6 (±1.0) years. Of these, 134 (85.9%) patients were registered as new cases, 11 (7.1%) as relapse, 2 (1.3%) as failure, 5 (3.1%) as treatment-after-default cases whereas 4 (2.6 %) patients were not included in any categories. Average annual new TB rate and smear-positive TB rate were 86.5/10^(5) and 17.4/10^(5) person-years, respectively. In 12 of 31 smear-positive cases, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was more than 30 days. Two multidrug-resistance TB cases were identified and two suspected outbreak episodes of TB had occurred during 3 years. Conclusion:There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of new cases of TB between the general population aged 20 to 29 years and combat and auxiliary police in Korea. 배경 : 국내 결핵의 발생은 감소 추세에 있으나 여전히 후진국형 발생양상을 보이고 있다. 특히 집단생활을 하는 젊은이들에서 발생하는 결핵의 유행이 간헐적으로 알려지고 있어 우려를 낳고 있다. 이에 저자들은 최근 전경대원의 결핵 발병 양상에 대해 알아보고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 경찰병원에서 결핵 진료를 받은 전경대원의 의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하여 연도별 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성결핵 신환율, 진단 지연, 집단발병, 다제내성결핵을 조사하였다. 결과 : 연도별 결핵 신환자 수(10만명당 발생추정치)는 2002년 50명(83.6명), 2003년 42명(83.7명), 2004년 42명(93.5명)이었고 도말양성 폐결핵 신환자 수는 2002년 10명(16.7명), 2003년 11명(21.9명), 2004년 6명(13.4명)이었다. 3년간 도말양성 폐결핵 환자는 31명이 있었고 그 중 12명은 호흡기 증상 발생 30일이 지나서 진단을 받았다. 다제내성 결핵은 2명이 있었으며 결핵의 집단발병이 의심되는 사례는 2차례 있었다. 결론 : 전경대원과 20-29세 연령군 일반인의 결핵 신환발생률, 도말양성 폐결핵 발생률의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다.

태권도 훈련이 아동의 성격 및 사회성에 미치는 영향

윤오남,서영환 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

This study is designed to identify what effect the Taekwondo practice of elementary school students has on development of their personality. For the purpose of this study, elementary school students who now live in province were selected from six elementary schools and 18 Taekwondo places at random. Targets were 30 non- trainers from the six elementary schools and 360 trainers by selecting 10 trainers per Taekwondo place. Questionnaires were given to 327 students among selected 360 students. The responses of 300 students were used for an actual analysis Any questionnaires that were not completed or the response of which it was judged was not sincere were excluded from the analysis. To identify what effect the Taekwondo training of elementary school students has on development of personality, general nature of elementary school students, background of training, their attitudes at school, their social, emotional, and living aspects were studied and the results are as follows : First, the Taekwondo training of elementary school students has an effect on development in their attischool. Second, the Taekwondo training of elementary school students has an effect on development in their emotional aspect. Third, the Taekwondo training of elementary school students has an ffect on their social students has an effect on their social development.. Fourth, the Taekwondo training of elementary

아크릴계 박리혈 점착제의 제조와 특성에 관한 연구

서영옥,윤주섭,설수덕 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2001 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.6 No.1

In order to improve the disadvantages of the copolymers and the terpolymers for PSA uses, quarterpolyrners were synthesized and crosslinked. Poly(butyl acrylate-co-2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co- methyl methacrylate-co-2-hydroxy ethyl methacrylate) (BA/2-EHA/MMA/2-HEMA) and Poly(butyl acrylate-co-2-ethyl hexyl acrylate-co-methyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) (BA/2-EHA/MMA/AA) have superior PSA properties compared to the copolymers and the terpolymers. The best performances of BA/2-EHA/MMA/2-HEMA as a PSA were measured when benzoyl peroxide initiator was used with the reactant mixture comprised 80% of BA and 2-EHA, 15% of MMA, and 5% of 2-HEMA. The optimum reaction temperature and time were 80℃ and 8 hours, respectively. For BA/2-EHA/MMA/AA, the best performances were obtained when the polymerization was performed at the monomer composition of BA and 2-EHA, 15% of MMA, and 5% of AA. BPO was used as initiator and the optimum reaction temperature and time were identical to those of BA/2-EHA/MMA/ 2-HEMA. Isocyanate and melamine were used to crosslink BA/2-EHA/MMA/2-HEMA and BA/2-EHA/MMA/AA, respectively. No effect of type of cross-linking agent on the peel adhesion was observed with aging. The quarter-polymers crosslinked with melamine left residues on the counter surface after weathering resistance test whereas the polymers crosslinked with isocyanate did not.

세가지 다른 인레이 와동 형태가 CEREC3 CAD/CAM의 변연 및 내면 간극에 미치는 영향

서덕규,이영아,이윤,노병덕 大韓齒科保存學會 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 세가지 다른 치아 삭제 형태에 따라 제작된 CEREC3 CAD/CAM의 인레이의 변연 및 내면 간극을 비교 평가하는 것이었다. CEREC3 인레이의 제작을 위해 다음의 제시된 방법에 따라 각 군당 10개의 시편을 준비하였다. 제Ⅰ군-기능 교두를 포함하는 전통적 방식의 capping과 shoulder margin, 제 Ⅱ군-교두를 수평으로 평평하게 삭제하는 단순화된 와동 형태, 제Ⅲ군-교두의 완전한 삭제와 shoulder margin을 갖는 가장 단순화된 형태로 세 군의 시편을 제작하였다. CEREC3로부터 제작된 인레이를 대응치아에 접착시킨 후, 치아 교합면의 중심을 지나게 협설면 방향으로 microsaw를 이용하여 절단하였다. 이후 Stereomicroscope을 사용하여 20배율에서 확대 영상을 촬영하였다. 그리고 미리 정해놓은 marginal, axial, angle, horizontal 기준점에서 Leica application suite 프로그램을 사용하여 시편과 치아 사이의 변연 및 내면 간극을 측정하였다. 일원분산분석을 사용하여 같은 기준 지점에서 세 군 사이의 차이를 분석하였으며, 각 군 안에서 여러 지점 사이의 차이 또한 알아보았다. Tukey's test로 95% 유의수준에서 사후 검정하였다. 세 군 모두에서 변연 부위에서 간극이 가장 작았으며, 변연 간극은 제Ⅰ군 80.0-97.8㎛, 제Ⅱ군 42.0-194.8㎛, 제Ⅲ군 51.0-80.2㎛의 범위를 나타내었다. 내면 간극은 제Ⅰ군 90.5-304.1㎛, 제Ⅱ군 80.0-274.8㎛, 제Ⅲ군 79.7-296.7㎛의 범위를 나타냈고 horizontal wall 부위에서 가장 큰 간극을 보였다. CEREC3 CAD/CAM시스템을 사용한 인레이 제작에 있어서 새롭게 제안된 두 가지의 단순화된 와동 형태는 변연 및 내면 간극이 전통적인 교두 피개 와동 형태보다 우수하지 않았다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal and internal gaps in CEREC3 CAD/CAM inlays of three different preparation designs. CEREC3 Inlays of three different preparation designs (n = 10) were fabricated according to Group Ⅰ-conventional functional cusp capping/shoulder preparation, Group Ⅱ-horizontal reduction of cusps and Group Ⅲ-complete reduction of cusps/shoulder preparation. After cementation of inlays, the bucco-lingual cross section was performed through the center of tooth. Cross section images of 20 magnifications were obtained through the stereomicroscope. The gaps were measured using the Leica ap plication suite software at each reference point. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test(α < 0.05). The marginal gaps ranged from 80.0 to 97.8 ㎛ for Group Ⅰ, 42.0 to 194.8 ㎛ for Group Ⅱ, 51.0 to 80.2 ㎛ for Group Ⅲ. The internal gaps ranged from 90.5 to 304.1 ㎛ for Group Ⅰ, 80.0 to 274.8 ㎛ for Group Ⅱ, 79.7 to 296.7 ㎛ for Group Ⅲ. The gaps of each group were the smallest on the margin and the largest on the horizontal wall. For the CEREC3 CAD/CAM inlays, the simplified designs(groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ) did not demonstrate superior results compared to the traditional cusp capping design (group I).

내연기관 배기 계통의 유동 해석 모델에 관한 연구

윤건식,윤영환,서문진 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 공업기술연구 Vol.3 No.-

This paper presents the examination of the various simulation models to represent the flow through the exhaust system in the internal combustion engines. Three models - adiabatic pressure loss model, sudden enlargement and sudden contraction model and the constant volume model - have been examined theoretically and experimentally to represent the flow through the catalytic converter and the muffler. This study shows that the combination of the sudden enlargement-sudden contraction model for the catalytic converter and the constant volume model for the muffler gives the best results.

순차 컴비네이터를 기반으로 하는 병렬 그래프 리덕션

徐正勳,鄭盛允,尹英雨 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1992 연구보고 Vol.20 No.1

This study discusses the graph reducer to improve the execution speed of functional languages. We develop the G-machine compiler which translates serial combinator to a sequence of instructions. The SubMiranda, which is a subset of the Miranda, is chosen as a test language. The implemented G-machine compiler translates serial combinator to an intermediate code, G-code, and then does macro-expansion to create a target code, C-code.

임팩트시 테니스 라켓 재질의 차이에 따른 근전도 분석

윤양진,유국종,서국웅,정미라,강영택,이훈식,서국은 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to select 7 male athletes and female athletes of high school, and to compare their active potential differences of upper arm muscles according to characteristic of a racket. the results obtained are as follows: 1. According to the accumulative distribution rate of racket material, graphite and wood material show better efficiency in case of brachio radialis muscle of male athletes, but the racket material shows no constant efficiency in brachii radialis muscle of female athletes. In case of flexor carpi radialis muscle, wood material provides better efficiency only for male athletes. In case of triceps brachii muscle, wood material gives better efficiency to males athletes and steel material gives better efficiency to females athletes. Especially in case of biceps brachii muscle, neither male nor female athletes are influenced by racket materials at impact. 2. In the muscle load rate according to racket material, wood has the highest muscle active potential and graphite has the lowest active potential. Therefore, graphite is thoght to be better in the efficiency of muscle load rate.

대구지역 고등학생들의 흡연실태 및 니코틴 의존도

서영숙,윤희정,권진희,이성국 韓國學校保健學會 2003 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.16 No.1

The purpose of this study was to surveyed the smoking status and pattern, nicotine dependence and factors associated with smoking and nicotine dependence for high school students in Daegu. In March. 2000, 1,593 students from 7 male and 6 female high schools located in Taegu were assessed with self-completing questionnaire. The major findings were as follows; Percentage of male smokers was 15.0% in general high school, 30.9% in business high school and that of female smokers was 5.0% in whole woman's high school. The median score of FTQ was 4.0 among male smokers and female smokers. the mean of FTQ score was 4.07±1.96 in male and 3.94±1.63 in female. Percentage of students with high FTQ score(FTQ≥7) was 13.3% in male and 5.9% in female. In multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking had significant association with general characteristics such as personal-specifics factors, family environment factors and school environment factors. In multiple logistic regression analysis, nicotine dependence had significant association with school-age and duration of smoking. On consideration of above findings, to prevent students from smoking and to reduce the smoking rate, we have to try together in house, school and society.

호남지역 역도 선수들의 스포츠 상해에 관한 연구

윤오남,위승두,서영환 한국스포츠리서치 2001 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.12 No.4

This study aims to present basic data for prevention of injuries and improvement of competitive power in weight lifting. For this, 42 high school lifters and 50 university lifters were inquired about injuries and the results were analysed as follows : 1. The injuries are caused by chronic fatigue(51.86%, highest), weather, intensity of physical activities, and technical characteristics . 2. Most injuries are caused when lifters are sitting(43.1%) in pulling up. In clean and jerk, sitting causes many injuries. In reinforcement, squat causes 43 injuries, the highest. 3. Consider injured part of lifters : 226 injuries o f(85.28 %) shoulder joints, 58 cases (45.31%) of muscular inflammation of elbow part, 205 cases(82.66%)of lumbago on waist part, 232 cases(88.55%)of pain on the knee, 40 cases(33.90%) of muscular cramp on the leg and 85 injuries(57.82%) of the ankle. 4. Consider the frequency of injuries : 10.00 times of sprains of shoulders, 2.00. times of bruise of the elbow, 3.33 times of lumbago of the waist, 3.39 times of pains of the knee and 10.50 times of ankle fractures. 5. As for first aid for injuries, there are 52 cases(55.91%)of putting PAS. Lifters with injuries usually went to hospital for treatment(50 cases and 5.76%). The period of treatment is one through five days(31 cases and 33.3%). Finally, lifters consider sound rest for prevention of injuries after treatment of injuries(61 cases and 65.59%). Lifters and relevant staff should concentrate on establishment of safety countermeasure and should examine types and parts of injuries to reduce injuries. Lifters with injuries should see professional doctors for proper treatment which would prevent aftereffects and bring complete recovery.

退行性關節炎 韓方治療에 對한 最近 硏究 動向 : 臨床硏究 方法論을 中心으로 Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Pubmed and Chinese Medical Journals

서병관,류성룡,이송실,허정은,백용현,이재동,최도영,조윤제,김남재,박동석 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Objective : The aim of this study was to review systemically clinical trials on the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Methods : Computerized literature searches were carried out on seven electronic databases, and hand-searching on some chinese medical journals in library of Kyung Hee Medical Center. Trial data were extracted in a standardized, predefined manner and assessed independently. Results : 1. Thirty reports of clinical trials and two reports of meta-analyses concerning herbal medicine were collected and reviewed Among these reports three medical herbs were applied as topical medicine and others as internal medicine. 2. The western studies established NSAIDs or placebo as their control group. Five chinese reports established formulated herb pill(Ruanshnagshenjin pill) as their control group and Six did not establish a control group at all. 3. ACR was the most highly used diagnostic criteria in the western studies while the Chinese used their official criteria established by their government or the criteria of their text books. 4. 20 reports chose the Lequesne functional index, SHAQ, WOMAC OA index, AIMS, and their own unique scoring system as the criteria of analysing the effect. Others chose clinical symptoms, articular functions, and lab finding as their criteria. 5. 7 single herbs and 19 formulated herbs were studied. Among the formulated herbs, Achyranthes japonica was studied in 10 of the studies and Angelica gigantis Radix in 8, making them the most often studied herbs among the studies.