고령자 급성 췌장염의 임상적 고찰

백용한,서정훈,송건훈,이진헌,송시영,정재복,강진경,박인서,이수진 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3

냉장고 냉매소음 저감을 위한 단열 발포재의 진동 전달특성 분석

한형석(Han, Hyung-Suk),김민성(Kim, Min-Sung),정의봉(Jeong, Weui-Bong),서민영(Seo, Min-Young),이수영(Lee, Soo-Young) 한국소음진동공학회 2010 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

In the refrigerator, the two-phase refrigerant-induced noise of the capillary tube in an evaporator-inlet pipe has been a great concern. The capillary tube is usually covered with insulation-foam packed in the space between inner and outer cabinets without any vibration isolation. Therefore, the refrigerant-induced vibration of the capillary tube can be easily transferred to the outer cabinet, which may increase the radiated noise. In this paper, the characteristics of transferred vibration through the insulation-foam are investigated experimentally by using the refrigerantsupplying equipment. The frequency characteristics, such as dynamic Young's modulus and loss factor, of the insulation-foam are also discussed.

강원도 화천군 수달(Lutra lutra) 서식지의 식생 구조

서형수 ( Hyung Soo Seo ),신영섭 ( Young Seob Shin ),이경은 ( Kyung Eun Lee ),김윤미 ( Yoon Mi Kim ),전미나 ( Mina Jeon ),남택우 ( Taek Woo Nam ),한성용 ( Sung Yong Han ),정연숙 ( Yeonsook Choung ) 한국하천호수학회 2014 생태와 환경 Vol.47 No.special

In order to determine whether vegetation would be one of the factors for the selection of otter home range, vegetation structure and other potential factors were studied in Hwacheon, Korea. Thirteen sites, otter’s activity found and not found, were investigated in North Han River and connected tributary streams of Hwacheon-gun. Three types of vegetation were classified by cluster analysis, which is short grass, tall grass and shrub type. Vegetation zone of each channel is composed of either one type, or mosaic of tall grass and shrub type. Short grass type is common in Lake Paro and upper North Han-river where water level is highly variable throughout a year. Therefore, annual species such as Persicaria nodosa, Fimbristylis dichotomam and Chenopodium ficifolium are the most dominant. Shrub type is common at the downstream sites of Jichon stream and along mainstream of North Han River down Lake Paro. A shrub species, Salix koreensis, is the most common. Tall grass type is dominant occupying the most vegetation zone of the tributary channels. Phragmites japonica is absolutely dominant. Due to its dense cover, a few plant species are co-existed. Otter activity was found in all three vegetation types and no marked activity was found at some sites of tall grass type. There is no difference in species composition and physiognomy between tall grass sites with and without otter activity, while it shows significant difference in fish availability between two groups. Overall we found that home range of otters in the region is along the mainstream and downstream of tributary streams with high fish availability in all vegetation types and in various human activity levels.

텔레비젼(TV)생산업체 근로자들의 영상단말기(VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향

우극현,최광서,정영연,한구웅,박정한,이종협,Woo, Kuck-Hyeun,Choi, Gwang-Seo,Jung, Young-Yeon,Han, Gu-Wung,Park, Jung-Han,Lee, Jong-Hyeob 대한예방의학회 1992 예방의학회지 Vol.25 No.3

영상단말기 (VDT)작업이 시력과 안증상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 1991년 7월에서 10월 사이에 구미시의 1개 TV생산업체에 종사하는 근로자들 가운데 채용 당시 안과적으로 문제가 없었고, 나안시력이 1.0 이상인 40세 미만 남자 338명을 대상으로 일일 평균 화면작업시간이 4시간 미만인 근로자(I군, 60명)와 4시간 이상인 근로자(II군, 204명)를 폭로군으로 하고 유사한 작업환경에서 근무하는 비화면작업자(74명)를 비폭로군으로 나누어 연령, 작업경력, 교대근무형태, 확대경 사용유무, 1일 평균 TV시청 시간 및 수면시간과 그리고 안자각증상에 대한 설문조사를 실시한 후, 안과적검사를 시행하였다. 조사시 원거리시력 (양안의 평균시력)이 채용시에 비해 0.15 이상 저하된 비율은 II군이 20.6%로 비화면작업군의 14.9 %, I군의 15.0 % 보다 다소 높았으나 통계적으로 유의한 차는 아니었다. 연령, 작업경력, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등에 따라 층화하여 원거리시력 저하율을 비교해 본 결과 세 군간에 통계적으로 유의한 차가 없었다. 근거리시력 저하율도 비화면작업군이 28.4 %, I군이 18.3 %, II군이 27.5 %로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 연령 등 4가지 독립변수를 층화하여 비교해 보아도 유의한 차이가 없었다. 안자각증상 호소율은 안피로를 포함한 7가지 항목에서 눈물이 나는 것을 제외한 모든 항목에서 비화면작업군에 비해 I군이, I군 보다는 II군이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 화면작업자 264명 가운데 조명이 나쁜 장소에서 일하는 근로자들의 원거리시력 저하율과 안자각증상 호소율이 조명이 좋은 작업장에서 일하는 근로자보다 더 높았다(P<0.05). 7가지 안자각증상을 각 증상 마다 늘 느끼는 경우는 2, 가끔 느끼면 1, 느끼지 않으면 0으로 점수화하여 개인별 총 안증상 점수를 구해 세 군간에 원거리시력 차이 유무별로 비교해 본 결과, 시력차 유무에 따른 평균 안자각증상 점수의 차는 없었으나 시력차 유무에 관계없이 II군의 평균 안자각증상 점수가 6.13 으로 I군(3.53) 또는 비화면작업군(3.30) 보다 훨씬 더 높았다(P<0.01). 안자각증상 점수와 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립변수들은 화면작업시간, 확대경 사용유무, 교대근무형태 등이었고, 채용시와 조사시 원거리시력 차이, 원거리시력과 근거리시력 차이, 누액분비기능, 안압, 굴절력 등과 유의한 상관관계를 보인 독립 변수는 하나도 없었다. 안자각증상 점수를 종속변수로 하는 중선형 회귀분석 결과에서는 화면작업시간이 길수록, 단부제나 2교대 근무자보다 3교대 근무자에서 유의한 선형관계를 나타내었다(P<0.01). 본 조사에서는 1일 장시간 VDT작업으로 시력이 저하되는 것은 관찰할 수 없었고 안자각증상은 유발되는 것으로 나타났다. 안자각증상의 예방을 위해 VDT 작업장의 조명을 적절하게 유지하고 장시간 연속해서 작업하지 않도록 작업관리를 해야 할 것이다. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of VDT work on eyes and vision among workers in a TV manufacturing plant. The study subjects consisted of 264 screen workers and 74 non-screen workers who were less than 40 years old male and had no history of opthalmic diseases such as corneal opacities, trauma, keratitis, etc and whose visual acuity on pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 1.0 or above. The screen workers were divided into two groups by actual time for screen work in a day : Group I, 60 workers, lesser than 4 hours a day and group II, 204 workers, more than 4 hours a day. From July to October 1992 a questionnaire was administered to all the study subjects for the general charateristics and subjective eye symptoms after which the opthalmologic tests such as visual acuity, spherical equivalent, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, slit lamp test, fundoscopy were conducted by one opthalmologist. The proportion of workers whose present visual acuity was decreased more than 0.15 in comparison with that on the pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 20.6% in Group II. 15.0% in Group I and 14.9% in non-screen workers. However, the differences in proportion were not statistically significant. The proportion of workers with decreased visual acuity was not associated with the age, working duration, use of magnifying glass and type of shift work (independent variables) in all of the three groups. However, screen workers working under poor illumination had a higher proportion of persons with decreased visual acuity than those working under adequate illumination (P<0.05) . The proportion of workers whose near vision was decreased was 27.5% in Group II, 18.3% in Group I, and 28.4% in non-screen workers and these differences in proportion were not statistically significant. Changes of near vision were not associated with 4 independent variables in all of the three groups. Six out of seven subjective eye symptoms except tearing were more common in Group I than in non-screen workers and more common in Group II than in Group I (P<0.01). Mean of the total scores for seven subjective symptoms of each worker(2 points for always, 1 point for sometimes, 0 point for never) was not significantly different between workers with decreased visual acuity and workers with no vision change. However, mean of the total scores for Group II was higher than those for the Group I and non-screen workers (P<0.01). Total eye symptom scores were significantly correlated with the grade of screen work, use of magnifying glass, and type of shift work. There was no independent variable which was correlated with the difference in visual acuity between the pre-employment health examination and the present state, the difference between far and near visions, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, and spherical equivalent. Multiple linear regression analysis for the subjective eye symptom scores revealed a positive linear relationship with actual time for screen work and shift work(P<0.01). In this study it was not observed that the VDT work decreased visual acuity but it induces subjective eye symptoms such as eye fatigue, blurred vision, ocular discomfort, etc. Maintenance of adequate illumination in the work place and control of excessive VDT work are recommended to prevent such eye symptoms.

공동주택 장기수선계획 시스템 개발을 위한 분석ㆍ설계단계에 관한 기초적 연구

서민구,정영한,박태근 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1

Extension of building life cycle and reduction of maintenance and management relevant expenses are the top issues in the current construction market. The fields of maintenance and management are newly highlighted for the limited land and domestic economic crisis known as the 2nd IMF. We studied on the long-term maintenance plan of apartment buildings in order to analyze the defective management system of existing apartment building and secure the development-oriented management system in this study. Purposes of this study are to prevent the unwanted loss of manpower and capital resulted from the careless storage of repair and management records, extend the building life cycle and resolve the conflict caused by the uncomfortable relation with the occupants. This study is focused on presenting the potential to develop the process required for the basic analysis and development of system as the beginning stage in the process of developing the long-term maintenance plan.

忠南大 學生들의 職業觀에 關한 實態調査

韓相玉,片瑞英 충남대학교 학생생활연구소 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.13 No.-

忠南大學校 學生들의 生活實態 調査

韓相玉,片瑞英 충남대학교 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.12 No.-

기업ㆍ민간 스포츠센터 소비자의 이용만족도 비교 분석

서봉한,노영태,이상봉,이영덕,정용제,박병주 부산대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this study was to analyze differences between satisfaction of members who attend sports center managed by enterprise and those of members who attend sports center managed by private. We hoped through these analysis, consumer could get useful date for choosing sports center and managers could gets data for establishing effective marketing strategy. The objective of this study was 500 members of sports center managed by enterprise and by private in city of Ulsan. Questionnaires were completed through self-administration. We used SPSSWIN 8.0 to analyze gathered data Chi-square test was used for analyzing conditions of members. All statistical data were tested with p〈.05. The result were as follows. 1.Satisfaction of facility and service 1) According to sex, men showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center. In detail, men showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center in exercise facility, dressing room, shower room and sanitation. 2) According to age, 30's show the highest satisfaction with enterprise center in all items but in parking lot. In the comparison of whole mean, 50's showed the highest satisfaction with both enterprise and private center. 3) According to education level, more than college graduation, college student or dropout and high school graduation showed their satisfaction in turn in enterprise center and college student or dropout, more than college graduation and high school graduation showed their satisfaction in turn in private center. In the comparison of whole mean, the satisfaction of enterprise center was higher than that of private center. 4) According to income, all groups but group(100-149 million won) showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center in the comparison of whole mean. 5) According to the type of job, salary worker and functional occupation showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center and educational occupation and owner of small business or store showed higher satisfaction with private center. 2.Satisfaction of offered service 1) According to sex, men showed higher satisfaction with both centers. 2) According to age, in the comparison of whole mean, 50's showed the highest satisfaction with both enterprise and private center. 3) According to education level, more than college graduation, college student and high school graduation showed their satisfaction in turn with both centers. In the comparison of whole mean highschool graduation and college graduation showed the highest satisfaction with enterprise center and college student or dropout showed the highest satisfaction with private center. 4) According to income, all groups but the group(250-299 million wons) showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center in the comparison of whole mean. 5) According to the type of job, salary worker and functional occupation showed higher satisfaction with enterprise center and worker in special jobs and owner of small business or store showed higher satisfaction with private center.

민어(Miichthys miiuy)의 卵發生過程 및 仔稚魚 발육단계에 따른 형태발달

한경호,오성현,황동식,조영현,서대철 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 2000년 8월 19일 전라남도 신안군 임자도 연안에서 2각망으로 어획된 민어 어미를 인위적인 방법으로 수정하여 부화 사육하면서 관찰한 卵發生 過程 및 仔稚魚 형태변화는 다음과 같다. 1. 민어의 受精卵은 구형의 분리 부성난으로 알의 크기는 0.96~1.08㎜(평균 1.01㎜, n=50)였고, 크고 작은 油球가 1~5개(0.06~0.34㎜) 존재하였다. 2. 사육수온 25.2~28.4℃에서 受精 후 17시간 10분에는 배체가 卵膜을 뚫고 머리부터 孵化하기 시작하였다. 3. 孵化 직후 仔魚의 전장은 2.36~2.63㎜(평균 2.48㎜, n=10)로 전장의 45.0~47.0%에 달하는 큰 卵黃(장경 1.11~1.20㎜, 단경 0.92~0.96㎜)을 가지고 있으며 筋節은 7~8+ 17~19=24~27개였다. 4. 孵化 후 3일째 仔魚는 전장 3.98~4.32㎜(평균 4.16㎜, n=10)로 입은 열려있었고, 이 시기에 섭이활동이 활발하게 관찰되면서 卵黃이 완전히 흡수되어 後期仔魚期로 이행되었다. 5. 孵化 후 10일째 後期仔魚는 전장이 5.88~6.74㎜(평균 6.30㎜, n=10)로 꼬리의 말단이 굽어지기 시작하는 시기로 黑色素胞가 기저후두골 뒷부분의 체측에서 점모양 및 나뭇가지모양 으로 출현하였다. 6. 孵化 후 31일째 개체의 전장은 9.62~12.76㎜(평균 11.12㎜, n=10)로 모든 지느러미가 정수에 달하였고, 체형이나 반문이 成魚와 닮아 種魚期로 이행하였다. Egg development and morphological change of larvae of the brown croaker, Miichthys miiuy, were investigated after obtaining samples by artificial insemination. The spawning season extends from the middle to the end of August in the seas off Lim-ja Island, Cheollanam-do. The fertilized eggs were transparent, spherical, separate and they floated. Egg diameter ranged 0.96~1.08㎜ with several oil globules of 0.06~0.34㎜. Hatching occurred 17 hours 10 minutes after fertilization in 25.2~28.4℃ water temperature. The newly-hatched larvae were 2.36~2.63㎜(mean:2.48㎜, n=10) in total length(TL), had a large yolk, and 7~8+17~19=24~27 myotomes. Melanophores were distributed on the eye lens. Three days after hatching the larvae had attained 3.98~4.32㎜ in TL(mean:4.16㎜, n=10), the yolk sac was completely absorbed, and they had transformed into the postlarva stage. The larva reached the juvenile stage with all fins formed and with a complete set of fin rays(D.Ⅹ-28~31;A.Ⅱ-7~8;P. 21~23;C. 19~21;V. 25~26) on the 31st day after hatching. The juveniles were 9.62~12.76㎜(mean:11.12㎜, n=10) in total length. At this point the juvenile was similar to the adult in body form and pigmentation pattern.

실기종목에 따른 중학교 체육수업의 실제 학습시간 비교

서봉한,황영성,이종현,오영도,이중숙 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the academic learning time of basketball, valleyball, vault horse, and balance beam teaching in physical education of junior high school. The subjects were 16 junior high school students living in U city, and their classes were recorded on video tape. The analatic methods were 5 seconds observation with BESTPED system, monitor stop and recording survey of Academic Learning Time-Physical Education. To analyze the academic learning time, independent varieables was set to practical carriculum(basketball, valleyball, vault horse, and balance beam) and dependent varieables were set to the academic learning time. To testify the relation between the independent varieables and the dependent varieables, dependent t-test was accomplished ar α=.05 level. The results were as follows; 1. In the comparison of ball game with gymnastics, position movement(p=.0004), practice(p=.0023), implement preparation(p=.0001), exercise(p=.000) and deviation(p=.000) brought out the differences. Also, waiting(p=.0001), watching(p=.0037) and information transmission(p=.0157) brought out the differences too, but information reception and interaction didn't. 2. In the comparison of basketball, position movement(p=.0438), practice(p=.0012), exercise(p=.0012) brought out the defferences but implement preparation didn't. Also, information reception(p=.0001), interaction(p=.0049), information transmission(p=.0000) and waiting(p=.0377) brought out the differences too, but watching didn't. 3. In the comparison of vault horse with a balance beam, practice(p=.0230) and exercise(p=.0003) brought out the differences but position movement, implement preparation, and deviation didn't. Also, information reception(p=.0013) and waiting(p=.0013) brought out the differences too, but interaction, information and watching didn't.