Chalcogenization-Derived Band Gap Grading in Solution-Processed CuIn_<i>x</i>Ga_1–<i>x</i>(Se,S)₂ Thin-Film Solar Cells

Park, Se Jin,Jeon, Hyo Sang,Cho, Jin Woo,Hwang, Yun Jeong,Park, Kyung Su,Shim, Hyeong Seop,Song, Jae Kyu,Cho, Yunae,Kim, Dong-Wook,Kim, Jihyun,Min, Byoung Koun American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.49

<P>Significant enhancement of solution-processed CuInxGa1-x(Se,S)(2) (CIGSSe) thin-film solar cell performance was achieved by inducing a band gap gradient in the film thickness, which was triggered by the chalcogenization process. Specifically, after the preparation of an amorphous mixed oxide film of Cu, In, and Ga by a simple paste coating method chalcogenization under Se vapor, along with the flow of dilute H2S gas, resulted in the formation of CIGSSe films with graded composition distribution: S-rich top, In- and Se-rich middle, and Ga- and S-rich bottom. This uneven compositional distribution was confirmed to lead to a band gap gradient in the film, which may also be responsible for enhancement in the open circuit voltage and reduction in photocurrent loss, thus increasing the overall efficiency. The highest power conversion efficiency of 11.7% was achieved with J(sc) of 28.3 mA/cm(2), V-oc of 601 mV, and FF of 68.6%.</P>

팽이버섯 재배 현장에서 Listeria monocytogenes의 성장을 억제하기 위한 살균 처리 기술 개발

박경민,이수빈,정도영,최송이,황인준,김세리,Kyung Min Park,Su-Bin Lee,Do-Young Jung,Song-Yi Choi,Injun Hwang,Se-Ri Kim 한국식품위생안전성학회 2023 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.38 No.6

본 연구는 팽이버섯 생산현장에서 사용하는 권지 접착포에서 팽이버섯으로 Listeria monocytogenes 교차오염을 예방하기 위하여 화학적 살균제에 의한 L. monocytogenes 저감 효과를 확인하였다. 과산화초산, 미산성전해수, 이산화염소수, 차아염소산나트륨을 10분간 처리했을 때 권지표면에 부착된 L. monocytogenes를 최대 99.99% 이상 저감화시켰고, 이들 4종의 살균소독제는 팽이버섯 유기물 존재 여부에 관계없이 높은 살균능을 보이므로 권지의 세척소독에 활용가능성이 있음을 확인하였다. 특히 과산화초산은 권지 접착포 거친면과 부드러운면 모두에서 L. monocytogenes를 99.999% 이상 감소시킬 수 있으므로 팽이버섯 권지 세척시 30mg/L 이상의 과산화초산에 30분 이상 침지한 후 사용하면 권지에 오염된 L. monocytogenes의 교차오염을 예방할 수 있을것으로 사료된다. The consumption of enoki mushrooms has been associated with cases of listeriosis produced by Listeria monocytogenes, highlighting the significance of sanitizing food-contact surface, such as the velcro used in welding processing of enoki mushrooms, to ensure microbial safety. We investigated the inhibitory activity of nine chemical disinfectants at regular concentrations against L. monocytogenes isolated from a mushroom farm environment. The bacterial suspension was prepared in phosphate buffered saline and mushroom extract broth and inoculated onto the velcro surface. After inoculation, most disinfectants reduced the initial 8 log CFU/coupon concentration by less than 2 log CFU/coupon during a 5-min treatment. Slightly acidic hypochlorous water showed a reduction of approximately 4 log CFU/coupon when tested for more than 30 min at the maximum allowable concentration of 200 mg/L. Sodium hypochlorite solution showed a reduction of approximately 5 log CFU/coupon when used at 100 mg/L for 60 min. Peracetic acid, at the maximum allowable concentration of 300 mg/L, showed the most effective reduction of 5 log CFU/coupon or more when the surface was treated with 37.5 mg/L for 30 min. These results indicate that peracetic acid can be used as the disinfectant strategy to control cross-contamination of L. monocytogenes on the velcro surface of plastic wrappers used in the welding processing of enoki mushrooms.

두개안면골 골절 및 결손에 있어서 모상건막하 두개골막피판의 적용

황민효,선 욱,김동일,최 준,백세민 大韓成形外科學會 1994 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.21 No.5

Technological advances in reconstructive surgery have aroused a wide spread reappraisal of anatomy and anatomical concepts. Mamy useful new flaps, such as the fasciocutaneous flap, have been introduced as a result. However subgaleal flaps have not been widely used, and there is little anatomical information published to guide tha surgeon in designing such a flap. The advantages of the subgaleal flaps are multiple pedicle, good vascularity and easier management, support the split and full thickness skin graft, thin and supple, gliding nature and minimal donor morbidity. The subgaleal flap has been used as an isolated flap in a variety of prospective cases such as defects or fractures of cranial floor frontal sinus or orbit, nasal or midface reconstruction, soft tissue contouring in massive facial trauma. We have used the subgaleal pericranial flaps in 3 cases with craniofacial fracutres or deformities and acquired satisfying results.

급성신부전을 동반한 알콜성 횡문근융해증 2례

김영민,오동렬,이원재,김형국,황두영,이환,최경호,정시경,김세경,김영옥 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Rhabdomyolysis is a biochemical and clinical syndrome caused by lysis of skeletal muscle cell and release of muscle cell contents into the circulation. In addition to traumatic cause, various nontraumatic causes have been reported. Rhabdomyolysis has frequently been associated with seamy aspects of life and society: alcoholic abuse, drug addiction, sadistic drill exercise, war events and attempted suicide. The abuse of alcohol causes many hazards in many organs. One of these is acute alcoholic myopathy that may present as a fulminent syndrome of muscle pain and tenderness associated with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. Because the prognosis of adequately treated rhabdomyolysis is excellent, early recognition and prompt management are essential in emergency situation. We experienced two typical cases of alcohol-induced rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure and report these cases with literature review.

연속 매몰 봉합법의 다양한 임상적 적용: 비절개 이중검 성형술

백세민,최준,이용국,황소민,박성규 대한미용성형외과학회 1997 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.3 No.1

The double eyelid operation is one of the most common cosmetic surgery performed in orientals, and there are numerous studies about surgical procedures of that. In the case of appropriate candidates, the non-incision technique makes excellent cosmetic results, with the advantages of shorter operating time, less morbidity, less pain, no scarring and easy revision of shape. But, usually the non-incision technique is recommended in the cases with thin upper eyelid, small amount of orbital fat, less redundant skin of upper eyelid and in whom a wide fold is not desired so on. Therefore, the disadvantages of this method are that it cannot be applied to all patients. The postoperative complications are disappearance or faded fold, formation of cyst of lumps, asymmetry etc. and the incidence of these complications is slightly higher than those of the incisional method. In this study , the double eyelid operation using the continuous buried suture method was performed in 210 patients for formation of double eyelid from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1995. In conclusion very good results can be obtained by the continuous buried suture method even in the cases of puffy upper eyelid. This method can make a double eyelid shape in the fashion the patient wants and can be a new indication for correction of unilateral double eyelid. This method is safe, satisfactory and take shorter postoperative recovery time and it can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

선박용 폐 FRP 수지의 재활용 공정 개발

강세란,김영우,황덕기,김시영,이민규,주창식 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.6

A recycling process for the waste FRP from boats was developed. The recycling process is composed of decomposition of waste FRP with propylene glycol and synthesis of recycled unsaturated polyester resin from the decomposed liquid material. Prior to the decomposition, waste FRP was cut into 2cm × 5cm segments and mechanical impact was applied by press roller to give gaps between cumulated laminates. Propylene glycol effectively decomposed the waste FRP segments and glass fibers were easily separated from decomposed liquid material. Recycled unsaturated polyester resin could be made from the decomposed liquid material by reaction with maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride.

고속철도 건설과 관련하여 지하수위 분포를 이용한 지하수환경 변화 분석

함세영,류상민,정재열,강래수,문상호,황학수 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 環境硏究報 Vol.20 No.-

This study is aimed for estimating change of groundwater environment in relation to constructing Honam express railway in Cheonan-Iksan section. This study was conducted by measuring depth to water and by calculating groundwater level anomaly. Depth to water ranges from 0.03 to 21.1 m and ranges from 0.17 to 227.95 m mean sea level. Distributions of depth to water, of groundwater elevation and of groundwater level anomaly were analyzed to estimate water-level change due to express railway construction. High water-level anomaly section is found in Jangjae(Cheonan)-Daejeon-Iksan section with anomaly index 85.39. High water-level change is anticipated in 22.22-24.19 km, 25.1-25.53 km, 25.53-26.46 km, 26.46-27.77 km, 28.7-29.29 km, 30.18-30.26 km, and 30.26-32.4 km sections from the start of Jangjae(Cheonan).

록인 증폭기에 의한 L(C,R) 회로 공진점 결정의 한 방법

정세민,홍진태,최규황,노지현 東亞大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.11 No.1

L(C,R)회로의 공진점을 결정하기 위해 록인 증폭기에 의한 sequential spectrum analysis(SSA)법을 적용해 보았다. 시료는 변압기였으며, 단일 소인방식과 왕복 소인방식을 비교해 보았다. 또한 실험 결과의 신뢰도를 확인해보기 위해 실험결과를 변압기의 제작사 자료와 Q 미터(HP,4277A USA)에 의한 측정 결과와 비교하였다. 제작사 자료에 의하면 시료의 공진점은 두 권선의 각각은 5kHz(10kHz/2)였으나, 왕복소인에 의한 측정에서 시료의 공진점은 5.1kHz, 실험 결과로부터 계산된 Q 값은 4.3으로 주어졌고, 단일 소인법에 의해서는 공진점이 5.78KHz로 주어졌으며, Q 미터에 의한 Q 값은 4.9(9.8/2)였다. 실험 결과들과 기준 Q 미터에 의한 측정결과를 비교해본 결과, 양방향 소인법이 단일 방향소인법 보다 더 신뢰할 수 있음을 알 수 있었으며, SSA법에 의한 측정이 기존의 상용 전문기기에 의한 측정에 못지 않음과 전문기기의 측정 하한 문제를 극복하는 좋은 대안이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. An accurate method named the sequential spectrum analysis(SSA) using a lock-in amplifier(LIA) of the heterodyne type was investigated to determine the resonance frequency of a LC(C,R) circuit : A heavy winding transformer was used as an inductor in the circuit. In this experiment, two types of the sweep method-one way and round trip method were examined. The resonance frequency of each method were compared with the manufacturer's data and those by the reference Q meter(HP,4277A, USA)for the experimental confidence: Measured resonance frequency by the round-trip method was 5.1 kHz, Q value at this frequency was about 4.3, while those by the single-sweep method were given by 5.78 kHz for the resonance frequency, 2.3 for the Q. On the other hand, the resonance frequency of manufacturer's data was 5 kHz and Q value by the reference Q meter was 4.9(9.8/2)at that frequency. From the comparison, it might be concluded that the SSA by the round-trip method was more reliable and accurate than the one-way method and relatively inexpensive, good alternative with respect to the professional instrument.

두개안면 섬유성 이형성증의 임상적 고찰

백롱민,오갑성,윤성호,백세민,황민호 大韓成形外科學會 1994 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.21 No.3

Fibrous dysplasia is a benign pathologic condition of bone and causes facial deformities as well as functional problems. We have managed 32 craniofacial fibrous dysplasia form March 1989 to December 1993. The most common age distribution of surgery was second decade(34%) and third decade(53%). In our patients, the desease process usually begins in childhood and progresses throughout puberty and adolescence. Treatment was aimed at preventing and correcting functional problems and achieving normal facial aesthetics. The reconstruction with other combined surgery, i.e., mandibular and maxillary osteotomies, reduction malar plasty, malar augmentation and orbit, nasal reconstruction with bone graft. Postoperative results were satisfactory in most cases. In some patients, repeated contouring(16%) surgery might produce less morbidity than a single massive resection. In evaluating the extent of the lesion, computerized tomography prooved to be a good diagnostic tool. Aethetically and functionally satisfactory surgical results were achieved by bone shaving in combination with reconstructive surgery.

포스트 모더니즘에 대한 小考 : 그 새로운 砥平과 우리의 位置

朴光喆,黃世敏 진주여자전문대학 1992 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Acultural paradigm changes with time. Typology of the past doesn't last to become an eternal value and change doesn't always have advantage. The design field was no exception in being influenced by the great wave of change in our time. From the beginning of modernism in the 20's to the end in 60's, and with the economic growth. Consumers spending increased to creat style absolescence which bore Post Modernism and went on to Pluralism of today. What we need to do living in this world of change os to consider cardfully about the change and to compromise. The originality that came from a background dof a local culture has the power to communicate which will be the perfect objective image for the century to come. Will products show the typology of all time or will it show the compromise between the remote past and the new? The answer is ti come.