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Cho, Young-Chang,Lee, In-Seon,Seo, Huiyun,Ju, Anna,Youn, Deokkyu,Kim, Younghyun,Choun, Jaehee,Cho, Sayeon SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2014 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.10 No.5
<P>Numerous Euphorbiaceae plants have been used for the treatment of diseases, including liver diseases, asthma and rheumatism. The present study evaluated the effect of methanol extracts from Euphorbia cooperi (MEC), a member of the Euphorbiaceae plant family, on the production of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)?6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)?α, nitric oxide (NO) as well as the activation of mitogen?activated protein kinase and nuclear factor (NF)?κB signaling. Non?cytotoxic concentrations of MEC significantly reduced the production of NO and IL?6, but not TNF?α, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The decreased production of NO by MEC was due to alleviated expression of inducible NO synthase. Reporter assays with cells treated with MEC demonstrated reduced activator protein?1 (AP-1) activity, while NF?κB activity was not reduced. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of c?Jun N?terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 were suppressed by MEC while phosphorylation levels of inhibitor of κB were not reduced by MEC, suggesting that MEC?mediated inactivation of JNK and p38 is the underlying regulatory mechanism for inflammatory mediators in LPS?stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.</P>
Protein-protein Interaction Networks : from Interactions to Networks
Cho, Sayeon,Park, Sung Goo,Lee, Do Hee,Park, Byoung Chul 한국생화학분자생물학회 2004 BMB Reports Vol.37 No.1
The goal of interaction proteomics that studies the protein-protein interactions of all expressed proteins is to understand biological processes that are strictly regulated by these interactions. The availability of entire genome sequences of many organisms and high-throughput analysis tools has led scientists to study the entire proteome (Pandey and Mann, 2000). There are various high-throughput methods for detecting protein interactions such as yeast two-hybrid approach and mass spectrometry to produce vast amounts of data that can be utilized to decipher protein functions in complicated biological networks. In this review, we discuss recent developments in analytical methods for large-scale protein interactions and the future direction of interaction proteomics.
( Young-chang Cho ),( Ba Reum Kim ),( Sayeon Cho ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.11
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, contributes to the entry of immune cells into the site of inflammation in the skin. Here, we show that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 21 (PTPN21) negatively regulates ICAM-1 expression in human keratinocytes. PTPN21 expression was transiently induced after stimulation with TNF-α. When overexpressed, PTPN21 inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in HaCaT cells but PTPN21 C1108S, a phosphatase activity-inactive mutant, failed to inhibit ICAM-1 expression. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a key transcription factor of ICAM-1 gene expression, was inhibited by PTPN21, but not by PTPN21 C1108S. PTPN21 directly dephosphorylated phospho-inhibitor of κB (IκB)-kinase β (IKKβ) at Ser177/181. This dephosphorylation led to the stabilization of IκBα and inhibition of NF-κB activity. Taken together, our results suggest that PTPN21 could be a valuable molecular target for regulation of inflammation in the skin by dephosphorylating p-IKKβ and inhibiting NF-κB signaling. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(11): 584-589]
Young-Chang Cho,Jaehee Choun Sayeon Cho 한국구조생물학회 2014 Biodesign Vol.2 No.3
Many attempts have been made to develop anti-inflammatory drugs by using natural products because natural products have been traditionally used to cure severe inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects in murine macrophages by using an ethanol extract of Callicarpa rubella for. angustata C. P`ei (ECR). We found that ECR treatment significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production in macrophages and downregulated mRNA and protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). However, ECR did not modulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Among the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β production was reduced by ECR treatment whereas the level of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was independent of ECR treatment. Western blot analysis revealed that ECR notably reduced the phosphorylation of p38 but had no effect on the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and other mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results imply that ECR exerts anti-inflammatory effects via selective inhibition of the production of inflammatory mediators including iNOS and IL-1β by inactivating p38.