종 분포 모형을 이용한 구상나무림의 지속 및 쇠퇴에 관한 연구 - 전라남도 광양시 백운산을 중심으로 -

조선희 ( Seon Hee Cho ),박종영 ( Jong Young Park ),박정호 ( Jeong Ho Park ),이양근 ( Yang Geun Lee ),문이만 ( Lee Man Mun ),강상호 ( Sang Ho Kang ),김광현 ( Gwang Hyun Kim ),윤종국 ( Jong Guk Yun ) 한국산림과학회 2015 한국산림과학회지 Vol.104 No.3

The present study investigated the habitats of Korean fir trees (Abies koreana E. H. Wilson) on Mt. Baekwun (Baekwun-san), determined the current distribution, quantified the contribution of biological and nonbiological environmental factors affecting the distribution, derived actual and potential habitats, presented a plan for the establishment of protected areas, applied RCP 8.5 climate change scenario to analyze the effects of climate change on the future distribution of Korean fir trees, and predicted future potential habitats. According to the results of the study, 3,325 Korean fir trees (DBH >= 2.5 cm) inhabited Mt. Baekwun, and their distribution area was approximately 150 ha. Populations of Korean fir trees were confirmed to exist at an altitude of 900 m above sea level and were distributed up to 1,200 m. Based on potential distribution, areas appropriate for habitation by Korean fir trees were analyzed to be 450 ha, three times the current distribution area, with a focus on Sang Peak (Sang-bong), Eokbul Peak (Eokbul-bong), Ddari Peak (Ddari-bong), and Dosol Peak (Dosol-bong). The forest stands near Sang Peak, the main peak, were evaluated as those with the most appropriate potential for the habitation of Korean fir trees, and populations of the trees tended to prefer the northern slope rather than the southern slope. When climate change scenario RCP 8.5 was applied and future potential distribution was analyzed, the habitats were expected to decrease in area to 20 ha by 2050, with a focus on Sang Peak, and areas appropriate for habitation were predicted not to exist by 2080. Judging from such results, as global warming accelerates, the habitats of Korean fir trees are clearly expected to move from lowlands to highlands.

이원화, 다계화, 네트워크 구축전략 : 일본의 대아시아 직접투자전략

조동성,이광현,이윤철,김태현 韓國國際經營學會 1995 國際經營硏究 Vol.6 No.1

본 연구는 1985년 이후 엔고와 더불어 급증한 일본의 대아시아 직접투자를 기업전략적인 차원에서「이원화전략」,「다계화전략」,「네트워크 구축전략」의 관점에서 설명하고자 한다. 여기서 이원화 전략이란 기술전파를 막기 위해 첨단기술을 요하는 고부가가치 제품은 국내에서 생산하고, 노출가능한 기술을 사용하여 생산하는 중저가 제품은 해외에서 생산함으로써 후발개도국들의 추격을 따돌리는 전략을 의미한다. 한편 다계화전략이란 투자국의 경제 발전에 따라 일본기업의 생산입지를 단계적으로 변화시키는 전략이다. 마지막으로 네트워크를 구축전략이란 일본기업이 아시아 투자가 개별적으로 이루어 지지 않고, 총체적인 경쟁우위를 향상시키기 위해 기존 해외 네트워크의 연장선 하에서 이루어진다는 것이다. 이러한 일본기업의 아시아 해외투자전략에 대응해서 전통적으로 일본으로부터 기술을 수입해 온 한국기업이 일본기업을 추격하기 위해서는「전문화전략」,「투자지역 선도전략」및「보완적 네트워크 구축전략」을 채택해야 할 것이다. 한편 한국과 같은 선발개도국을 모델로 하여 경제개발을 추구하고 있는 다른 아시아국가들 역시 본 논문을 통해 일본기업들의 전략적 의도를 파악하고, 이에 대응하기 위해「자체능력 개발전략」및「네트워크 연결전략」을 채택할 필요가 있다.

중·고등학교 체육 교과서의 활용성

윤해철,조성호 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the text book is used effectively in the practical physical education and, if not, to reveal the reason and find the direction and remedy to reform the school physical education curriculum. The subjects of this survey were 182 of teachers and 1,671 of students and the results were analyzed by using SAS package program. The main results obtained can be summarized as following: First, although students are interested in the class of physical education, there is no variety in the class of both theory and practice. Second, the text book is unsystematically used in the class of the physical education theory. Although students recognized the text book to be used in the class, the contents of the text book did not satisfy students. From the result of this study, we can find that teachers and students relatively want to use the text book in the class of physical education. However, there are many problems in the contents and the practicability of the text book is very low.

忠淸北道 初等學校敎師의 問題性 硏究

趙相衍 淸州敎育大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

新羅 長板 打捺紋樣 평기와의 慶州 製作與否에 대하여

조성윤 이화사학연구소 2003 梨花史學硏究 Vol.0 No.30

In thesis, I would know which roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Silla period were produced in Gyeongju area. Up until today, On the basis of the excavated roof tiles in Gyeongju area, Those were not produced. And yet, Roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Goguryo period(高句麗時代) Sites and Backje(百濟時代) were excavated : Horogoru Castle(瓠蘆古壘), the Mireucksa Temple(彌勒寺). Also, Roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Unified Silla period(統一新羅時代) were manufactured in the province : Busosan Castle(扶蘇山城), Huengduck Temple(興德寺), while Roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern were not likely to produce those in the capital unifid Silla of Gyeongju area. The reason why roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Silla period was not produced in Gyeongju area seem to be caused manufacturing technique. And The reason why roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Unified Silla period was not produced in Gyeongju area could be call in the three questions. - Why is it that, while roof tiles manufacturing technic in Backje period has development workman of Silla was not to take in Backje of manufacturing technique? And, Why ever did roof tiles with medium-sized paddle-beat pattern of new manufacturing technic produce. - Roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Unified Silla period were not produced in Gyeongju area whether that is caused by manufacturing technique which is inferior to the roof tiles of manufacturing technique in the province. - We must make clear whoever is man who manufacture roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern, whether those are related to spread out zen Buddhim(禪宗). Henceforth a few korean archaeologists have to very interest roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Silla period in the Sites of the bulidings in Gyeongju area. And I expect to have been report roof tiles with large-sized paddle-beat pattern of Backje Kingdom in the Sites of the Backie bulidings.

Carotenoids 식이와 알코올이 혈액학적 성분과 간조직에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

조만희,김연선,이상한,우기민,장예진,김창세 순천향의학연구소 1999 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.5 No.2

Alcohol is well known agent which can damage the human tissues such as liver via stimulating lipid peroxidation and storage, denaturation of macromolecules, and inhibiting protein metabolism. On the other hand, carotenoids in addition to vitamins A, C, E and lipoic acid, play important roles in protecting these oxidative damages as well as preventing the production of free radicals. This study was carried out to elucidate the precise effects of alcohol administration into rats on the antioxidative functions of dietary carotenoids and isolated β-carotene, and to find out any parameters to uncover more detailed biochemical mechanisms of these agents. For these purposes, two different approaches were performed: 1) examination of the changes in hematological parameters (e.g., total proteins, A/G ratio, ALT/AST et. al) and statistical correlations among inter- and intragroups, 2) examination of the histopathological changes by an electron microscope. The results were analyzed and summarized as following; (1) Carrot diet for one week caused a slight increase in albumin. A/G ratio and AST levels, and a slight decrease in ALT, ALP, BUN and uric acid levels. Two-week alcohol administration following carrot diet increased total proteins, albumin A/G ratio and BUN levels. However, both groups were shown to have little significant changes in cholesterol concentrations. (2) Cheese diet for one week caused a significant increase in total proteins, albumin, AST, ALP, uric acid and total cholesterol levels, and a significant decrease in A/G ratio and glucose concentrations. However, two-week β-carotene diet following cheese intake increased total proteins albumin, A/G ratio, BUN and total cholesterol levels, whereas AST, ALT, ALP and uric acid levels were decreased. (3) Alcohol administration for one week caused an increase in AST activities and a decrease in total proteins, albumin, ALT, ALP and BUN levels. A successive β-carotene diet following alcohol administration increased total proteins, albumin, ALT, ALP and BUN levels, whereas decreased AST and uric acid levels. However, there were not significant changes in A/G ratio, glucose and total cholesterol levels in both groups. (4) β-carotene diet for one week caused a slight increase in albumin, glucose, AST and uric acid levels, and a slight decrease in ALP and BUN levels. Two-weeks alcohol administration following β-carotene diet increased albumin, glucose, BUN and total cholesterol levels, whereas decreased AST, ALT, ALP and uric acid levels. (5) Although the pathological investigation on the liver did not reveal significant changes, cheese diet group (CH-BC/1-CH) was shown to have some lipid deposits. Some results were unexpected and different from typical hematological changes shown by other researchers. Nonetheless, these results strongly suggest that the liver damage or hepatism caused by alcohol intake affects many kinds of biochemical metabolisms, which results in significant changes in many hematological parameters. In addition, dietary carotenoid and isolated β-carotene were shown to have protective roles against the biochemical changes by alcohol intake.

질소-프로판-암모니아 가스분위기에서 침탄질화시 공기첨가량이 침탄질화특성에 미치는 영향

조효석,이준범,노용식,이상윤 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1993 硏究報告 Vol.17 No.1

This study has been performed to find out some effects of air and ammonia addition to a given quantity of nitrogen and propane gas mixture on the carbonitriding characteristics of low carbon steel after carbonitriding for one hour and two hours at 870℃. Carbon potential analysis has shown that the carbon potential decreases with increasing air addition at a given amount of ammonia and also with increasing ammonia addition at a given amount of air. Microscopical observation has revealed that the depth of internal oxidation increases with increasing air addition to a given gas atmosphere and the formation of surface abnormal layer considerably occurs in the gas mixture of more than 2.5% ammonia addition. If has been found by hardness measurements that the effective case depth increases with increasing air addition to a given gas mixture, whereas in more or less decreases with ammonia addition.

아젭틴 정(염산아젤라스틴 1 mg)에 대한 아젤라 정의 생물학적 동등성

조혜영,윤지훈,서유리,오인준,이성관,문재동,이용복 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2001 약품개발연구지 Vol.10 No.-

Azelastine, a phthalazinone derivative, is an antiallergic agent which demonstrates histamine H_1-receptor antagonist activity and also inhibits histamine release from mast cells following antigen and non-antigen stimuli. Thus, azelastine may be useful in the management of both asthma and allergic disorders. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two azelastine hydrochloride tablets, Azeptin^TM (Bu Kwang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) and Azela^TM (Kyung Dong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Eighteen normal male volunteers, 22.44±2.01 years in age and 61.99±6.18㎏ in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2×2 cross-over study was employed. After two tablets containing 1㎎ of azelastine hydrochloride per tablet were orally administered, blood was taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of azelastine in serum were determined using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC_t, C_max and T_max were calculated and ANOVA test was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters. The results showed that the differences in AUC_t, C_max and T_max between two tablets were -6.45%, -2.60% and -7.14%, respectively, when calculated against the Azeptin^TM tablet. The powers (1-β) for AUC_t and C_max were 96.65% and 88.47%, respectively. Minimum detectable differences (Δ) at α=0.05 and 1-β=0.8 were less than 20% (e.g., 14.40% and 17.65% for AUC_t and C_max, respectively). The 90% confidence intervals were within ±20% (e.g., -14.87∼1.97 and -12.92∼7.72 for AUC_t and C_max respectively). Two parameters met the criteria of KFDA for bioequivalence, indicating that Azela^TM tablet is bioequivalent to Azeptin^TM tablet.

CBT를 이용한 안전한 멀티캐스트 그룹 관리

윤성현,장주만,조원환 高麗大學校附設 컴퓨터科學技術硏究所 1999 JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING TECHNOLO Vol.2 No.-

보다 높은 대역폭에서 안전한 멀티캐스트 통신을 하고자 욕구는 기업, 정부, 그리고 인터넷을 사용하는 모든 단체에서의 고조되고 있고 또한 주요 관심사이다. 멀티캐스트 환경에서 보안성을 제공하기 위해 최근까지 진행되어 오고 있는 연구는 주로 그룹 키 관리 기법에 관한 것들이다. 본 논문에서는 화장성이 우수한 CBT 멀티캐스트 라우팅 프로토콜을 기반으로 안전한 인터넷 멀티캐스트를 위한 CBT기반 그룹 관리 시스템을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 기법은 핵심라우터가 키 생성, 키 재구성, 그룹 가입, 탈퇴 등 그룹 관리 뿐 아니라 여러 가지 보안사항을 고려한 기능도 제공해 준다. The need for high bandwidth, very dynamic secure internet multicast communications is increasingly evident in a wide variety of commercial, government, and Internet communities. One of the most recently researches is mainly about the group key management schemes. In this paper, We'll propose a CBT-based group management system with scalable CBT multicast routing protocol. The benefits of this proposed technique are that it offers not only key generation, rekey, group join and leaving but also many functions lated security of multicast group.

사업장 소음 폭로에 의한 일과성 역치 상승과 회복

조수헌,하미나,한상환,주영수,성주헌,강종원,윤덕로,송동빈,이명학,김선태 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2

To determine the recovery time from noise-induced temporary threshold shift(TTS), a prospective field study was conducted at three worksites where workers are known to be exposed high level of noise. Subjects were selected according to answers on a questionnaire which inquired about otological history and previous noise exposure, including avocational, military and occupational exposures. After excluding employee with past otologic problems, recent exposure to high level noise, and under medications, total 92 employees participated in the study. Among 92 participants, complete consecutive audiometric examinations were carried out at 0∼2 hours, 5∼7 hours, 14∼16 hours after worktime noise exposure on 26 participants wearing hearing protectors and 22 participants wearing no protective devices. The difference between the hearing level 0∼2 hours after noise exposure and 5∼7 hours is statistically significant by paired t-test(p<0.01). The median recovery times calculated from the data of 22 participants wearing no protective hearing devices are 15.6 hours at 4000Hz, and 7.7 hours, 10.3 hours, 8.4 hours at 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 8000Hz respectively. These data suggest that when measuring the pure tone audiometry for noise exposed workers, at least 16 hours noise-free interval is required.