영골(靈骨).강압혈(降壓穴) 자극(刺鍼)이 혈압(血壓)에 미치는 영향(影向)

임영남,심성용,한지완,고호연,박종형,한양희,전찬용,김동우,Yim, Young-Nam,Sim, Sung-Yong,Han, Ji-Wan,Ko, Ho-Yeon,Park, Chong-Hyeong,Han, Yang-Hee,Chun, Chan-Yong,Kim, Dong-Woo 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical effect of the non-pharmacological anti-hypertension method, acupuncture, for hypertensive patients. Methods : 26 patients diagnosed with hypertension were each treated by one of three methods: an anti-hypertension drug(adalat soft capsule), venepuncture, and acupuncture. In cases of rising blood pressure, patients were treated by their one of the three methods, and blood pressure was measured at regular intervals. Result : As for the group of acupuncture treated patients on Young-gol(ling-gu) and Gang-ap-hyul(jiang-ya-xue), readings dropped 18.0mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 6.50mmHg in diastolic blood pressure. This was a greater effect than that seen in the venepuncture treated patients. Blood pressure checked one hour after acupuncture treatment showed a greater difference than blood pressure checked after thirty minutes. Conclusion : Safe reductions in blood pressure were observed through the non-pharmacological method of acupuncture on Young-gol(ling-gu) and Gang-ap-hyul(Jiang-ya-xue).

만선신부전 환자에서 관상동맥조영술 소견에 관한 연구

한대희,김성구,박상호,김성한,조원영,방덕원,조윤행,정의룡,은영근,권영구 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Background : Patients with chronic renal fialure have a substantially elevated risk of death from cardiovascular diseases than do the general population. the patients with chronic renal failure are at significantly increased freqeuncy of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus which are known to the risk factors of the coronary artery diseases, and the prevalence of the coronary artery diseases in chronic renal failure patients is highly associated with the hemodynamic disorder and metabolic abnormalities. therefore we expected that the coronary angiographic findings in patients with chronic renal failure should be different from the general population (control groups) and investigated the risk factors contributing to coronary artery diseases. Method : we have retrospectively compared the coronary angiographic findings of 44 patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis with that of 88 patients in the general population and investigated the factors contributing to the development and acceleration of coronary artery diseases in patients with chronic renal failure Result : Hypertension and diabetes mellitus which is risk factors for coronary artery disease is significantly increased in patients with chronic renal failure, in coronary angiographic finding the severity of the lesion is worse. the incidence of PCI or CABG of patients with chronic renal failure is more than that of control group but statistically no difference between patients with chronic renal failure and control group. the sex, the duration of disease, the duration of dialysis, serum creatinine in patients with chronic renal failure have no correlation to the prevalence of coronary artery disease and severity of lesion. hyperglycemic patients with chronic renal failure have high incidence of coronary artery disease and are worse in the severity of lesion Conclusions : There is significantly increased the pevalence and severity of involving multiple coronary artery diseses in hyperglycemic patients with CRF.

Risk of Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage From Low-Energy Falls in the Oldest-Old Patients

Sung Kyu Kim,Ki Young Jeong,이종석,Han Sung Choi,홍훈표,고영관 대한노인병학회 2016 Annals of geriatric medicine and research Vol.20 No.4

Background: The population of individuals classified as oldest-old (aged ≥85 years) has increased rapidly in recent years. The rates of morbidity from chronic diseases and physical dependence tend to be higher in the oldest-old compared with individuals classified as young-to-middle-old (aged 65-84 years). Therefore, the classification and evaluation of traumatic injuries in the oldest-old group are necessary. Herein we focused on the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in older patients. Methods: Patient medical records from the Emergency Department after low-energy falls that occurred between November 2014 and April 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into an older group (aged ≥65 years) and an adult group (aged 18-64 years); the older group was subdivided into the oldest-old group (aged ≥85 years) and a young-to-middle-old group (aged 65-84 years). The rate of intracranial hemorrhage and related factors were also investigated. Results: The older group had a greater risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage than the adult group (20% vs. 12.6%, p=0.019). Furthermore, more cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage were found in the oldest-old group than in the young-to-middle-old group (37.5% vs. 18.0%, p=0.024). Similarly, the risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage in the oldest-old was higher than in the young-to-middle-old group (p=0.032). Conclusion: The risk of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage from low-energy falls in the oldest-old patients was higher than in the young-to-middleold patients. Therefore, physicians need to pay particular attention to oldest-old patients, even to those with mental integrity and without neurological deficits.

간세포암의 고주파 열치료 후 천자침 경로를 통한 전이 1례

조영완,박석주,진한영,김준영,이재익,강명주,박정하,윤정희,박성재,지삼룡,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Radiofrequency ablation(RFA), as a form of minimally invasive therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma, has become an important treatment modality. Because of limitation of surgery, RFA has become standard therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma in some situations. But there are some complications of RFA such as bleeding, infection, hematoma, adjacent organ thermal damage including intestinal perforation, needle track seeding, and so on. There are few reports in the literature that systematically evaluate the incidence of needle tract seeding and its associated risk factors. And only 2 cases of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA were reported in Korea. We report a case of needle tract seeding of hepatocellular carcinoma after RFA.

대형국책사업의 성공 요인 분석 CDMA 와 HAN/B-ISDN 사업비교를 통하여

한상영(Sang-Young Han),김성민(Song-Min Kim) 한국통신학회 2003 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.7

用寒遠寒과 用熱遠熱에 대한 考察 : 六元正紀大論에서

채영진,신창환,임현택,여성원,한성규,이재원,정헌영,금경수 한국전통의학연구소 2003 한국전통의학지 Vol.13 No.1

Five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors influence not only human disease but also difference of medicine effect. Because the climate of summer is very hot, that is easy to increase the properties of hot medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in summer. Also the climate of winter is very cold, that is easy to increase the properties of cold medicines, a doctor must be careful to use it in winter. But in the certain conditions to use diaphoretics or purgatives, in spite of that regulation a doctor can use them.

Analysis and Evaluation of Capillary Passive Valves in Microfluidic Systems Using a Centrifugal Force

Cho, Han-Sang,Kim, Ho-Young,Kang, Ji-Yoon,Kwak, Seung-Min,Kim, Tae-Song The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2004 KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics Vol.4C No.4

This work reports the theoretical and experimental investigations of capillary bust valves to regulate liquid flow in microchannels. The theoretical analysis uses the Young-Laplace equation and geometrical considerations to predict the pressure at the edge of the valve opening. Numerical simulations are employed to calculate the meniscus shape evolution while the interface is pinned at the valve edge. Microchannels and valves are fabricated using soft lithography. A wafer-rotating system, which can adjust the driving pressure by rotational speed, induces a liquid flow. Experimentally measured valve-bursting pressure agrees with theoretical predictions.

漢江下流部 水害輕減을 爲한 調査 硏究

金漢星,高在雄,李相鎔,玄義泰,柳興根 건국대학교 1974 學術誌 Vol.17 No.1

The effect of reducing flood magnitudes, flood stages, and flood damage by upstream reservoir regulation are investigated in this study. The analytical procedures which has been established newly, are treated through this study for 7 index stations and same numbr of reaches. The method of this study could be expressed briefly as following procedures. Using stage-frequency relations and the potential damage survey data, damage-frequency relations are established, and from this, average annual flood damages computed. By holding out portions of the floods with various amounts of flood control storage in 6 reservoirs in the basin, routing were made to establish modified stage-frequency relations. From damage frequency relation, average annual damages are computed with and without condition of each control volume. The study result are concluded as follows; (1) The relationtship of corresponding water level between nearby stations are useful tools to adjust error of the data due to observation error and change of the gaging location. (2) The number of records about 10 years could not be applied for the statistical methods of flood frequency analysis. (3) The regional skew factors are recommended to apply flood frequency study by the log-Pearson Type III method. (4) The effect of damage reductions are greatly affectedin accordance with the routed flood. Therefore application of the Typical Tributary Contribution Flood are reasonable for this type of study. (5) In the North Han, effect of damage reduction due to the lacation of control point are gradually increased from upstream to downward until the confluence of North and South Han. (6) In the South Han, control effect are increased from Chungju to Yeoju where the maximum effect are analyzed and then decrease gradually until the confluence. (7) Better hydrologic and topographic combinations for the flood control are existed in South Han to compare with North Han in this study results.

靑少年의 社會 및 國家意識에 關한 調査와 그 强化策

李宇榮,金相漢,韓點洙,洪亮杓 慶北大學校 平和問題硏究所 1977 평화연구 Vol.2 No.-

1. Problems Our people and nation are in serious ordeal and also aur concentration of attention and effort to overcome the ordeal are, we can say, very praisable. The violent changes in the aspects of politics, culture, society and economy are at last exposed of the danger of loss of our values. In such changing social phenomena, we with no exception are all experiencing the morbidness caused by them. It is exactly the Yu-Shin (Revitalizing Reform in 1971) and Saemaul(New Community Movement) that supplied and showed the direction of nation-state as r revolution in climate of unestablishment of new values with loss of old ones. It can be true tht we have reaped great fruits in political, economic, social and cultural fields in such hard environments. Then it is very useful project not only in academic and policy-reponse fields, but also in education areas that we try to survey and analyze the Juvenile's response to the national mevements and the changes of concious-structures. 2. Purposes The purposes of the study are: ① to grasp the reality of the Juveniles' view of value by sex, region, age etc., ② to review their responses to government's achievements, policy and its direction, ③ and to diagnose their approach to desirable view of values and degree of achievement. We belive in that concious-reality whcih we can find in process the study will be very important materials to education-policy. 3. Study-methods ① We did survey and analysis of juvenile's veiw of values. ② We set the juveniles of whole nation as the mother group, however, excluding bipolar ones such as Seoulities and the juveniles living in islands and remote hamlet, finally selected the objects of three regions such as Kyeong sang, Chung Cheong and Cheol Ra regions and compared them by various dimensions. Except for detail-survey of Kyung Buk province, we set the objects of students of 3rd grade of sr. high school, professional school (Jr. College) and college in other regions, and surveyed subregionally by large city, medium size city and ruralfishing villages, and by sex. ③ Total number of the surveyed is 3,229 and by regionally, they are 1,725 in Kyung Sang, 616 in chung cheong and 888 in Cheol Ra. ④ The questionairs are handed directly by surveyers and colloected on the spot as soon as they are filled out. ⑤ The view of value by social strata and response degree to policy are tested by %² including the differences among regions, sexes, ages and ect., and to the question required quantitative evaluation, we gave +10, +5, 0, -5, -10 pionts as consent-dissent continuum and calculated the mean number and to other questions, the responses were shown by %. 4. the Juvenile's social and collective life ① Social and collective life of the Juvenile is relatively good in social-conciousness. The view or moral-order was shown 5.31 of f(R)/N. Generally juveniles are answered "waiting for one's turn" in the line at the station of public transit. Girls are shown to be a little better-observer in public order than boys, and teenagers better than the twenties. The view on law-abiding is shown 3.97 of f(R)/N and generally in case of minor offence, they expressed around "be shame". Criminal conciousness is getting stronger from large city to rural and fishing village. There are great differences between the two. Girls are stronger in the conciousness than boys and teenagers stronger than twenties. It is particularly a problem that twenties' f(R)/N is less than 1.72 and theyt are inclining to "may commit so". To the degree of success in the Reform of General Administrative Affairs by our government, f(R)/N is shown 4.94, responding generally "there are a bit fruitful". To the question, degree of recognition is getting stronger to rural-fishing village. Male is stronger than female and teenagers stronger than twenties. And in the hot-bed of corruption, enterprises and tax office are shown 29.63%, and politician 23.27%. General administrative office, judicial and police offices are high in distrust in rural-fishing villages, and tax office, enterprises and politician are getting higher in distrust to larger cities, however, educational institutions are high of trust in medium-size city. Judicial office, enterprises, tax-office, education instution and politician are in high ofdistrust by female, and general administrative office is in high of distrust by male. Teenagers are in side distrust in judicial, police, enterprise and education institutions, and twenties are in side of distrust in general administration and politician. And degree of trust in shamanism is low of 4,76, generally selecting"almost deny", rural-fishing village, female and twenties are higher trust on superstition than large city, male and teenager respectively. The view on national value is shown 2.42. In the village, female, and twenties, cohesion is shown stronger than in city, male and twenties respectively. ② In measurement of juvenile's conciousness on inter-relationship, they are strong in degree of participation of family and community affairs, but in conciousness on collective life, unsatisfactory. They degree of satisfaction in family life is 4.68, generally "in side of satisfaction". It is getting more satisfaction from the villages to large cities. Juveniles in the villages seem to be much unsatisfied with their family, and females than males and twenties than teenagers are higher in satisfaction. Participation degree in community affairs is shown 8.00, generally close to "active participation". Villager than city-dweller and teenagers than twenties are higher in conciousness of participation. The degree of non-alienation from collective life is 2.71 showing the response of "relativelly no particular alienation" and "so on so" generally. Villager than citizen, male than female and twenties than teenagers are higher in alienation. The degree of acception of individual idea in collective life is shown 1.81, close to "so on so". Male's unsatisfaction is higher a little. Their preferable occupations are in priority of production enterprises(28.73%), public service(26.32%) and agriculture-forestry(19.23%). The popular occupations are agriculture-forestry and public service in rural-fishing villages, production-enterprises in medium -size cities and commerce-industry in large cities. Males are favorable to take agriculture-forestry, production and free enterprise and females are to bublic servidce. For teenager, agriculture-forestry and public service are high in priority and for twenties other areas of occupation are high. ③ In conciousness on traditional culture and identity, they are supporting the thought of "loyalty and filial piety", showing 5.36 and generally selected "It is great view on social order though required a lot of revision". females and teenagers are more active on the though required a lot of revision". Females and teenagers are more active on the thought than males and twenties respectively. The capability of foreign affairs in aspects of independent diplomacy was measured to 2.25 barely approaching to "be seen independent efforts". Trust was seen in females, teenagers and the villagers. In cultural conciousness, national superiority was shown very apparently as 28.67%. ④ In aspects of democratic and national conciousness, they showed the degree of satisfaction at democratic society. It was measured through the fruits of Yu-Shin Reform and resulted in 2.17, responding better in females, teenagers and the rural than in males, tweenties and the urban. On 6 years of current term of congressmen, 45.46% responded on "too long", 38.24% on "ordinary" while in rural-fishing villages, they showed high support of 48.90% selecting"appropriate". Many urbans are on "too long" (49.51% in large cities and 49.62% in medium). 44.04% out of females showed the response of "appropriate" while 47.22% of males did that of "too long". 44.43% of teenagers responded "appropriate" while 53.13% of twenties did "too long". National conciousness measured through "degree of confident explanation on national flag" was shown 2.87, responding "can explain to a certain extent" and "can explain" as medium quantity. The villagers, males and teenagers are shown high confidence of it. To the present big increase in national power, juveniles resopnded high motive of "people's self-conciousness" and "great leader" while female showed relatively hgh response on "New Community Movenment" and "Result of education" and so on. teenagers showed "great leader" and twenties did "Result of Education". The view of ideal nation measured through "approach to welfare state" showed 3.87, close to "be seen the effort for welfrare state". The villager, female and teenager showed high response to the positive side. as the way of education how to plant Korean Democracyh among the people they replied "Explaining Korean particular environments" is most useful as 41.40%. Juveniles in medium-size cities, males and twenties showed mainly the above answer. The patriotic attitudes measured through participation of nationa defense showed 8.47, responding close to "participate battle immediately". It can be said very active response that significant number of females selected the attitudes of "support in rear theater". The villagers, males and teenagers are strong in loyalty. If we consider females' particularity, we cannot say they are weaker in loyalty. However it is very considerable that there are responses of "may decide on the scene then", "immigrate abroad" and "negociate with enemy and live together though a few. We are sure that our goverment be required educate and enlighten them immediately. 5. Juvenile's view of Security and National Unification ① Through the measurement of conciousness on communism the surveyer saw that critical ability and attitudes of it is the nearest short cut to anti-communism a key to victory over it. In this dimension, the surveyer analyzed sources of knowledge from masscom 971.47%) and exposed the weak points on lectures and those on government's activities of public information, while rising of masscom's importance. The comparison of South-North living standards showed that 51.34% responded "South Korea is much superior" and 35.08% "superior". Then total 87% of juveniles are on our superio9rity and the rest (13%) showed "equal" or "don't know". In large cities "superiority" was low in % of males and twenties. The confidence in pursuading North Korean on our democratic society's strong points was shown 73.55% of "be confident". However it is very insufficient in education on communism that out 87% of "Our superiority", some 13% are not confident in pursuasion. 13.47% are shown "will decide on the spot to meet" and 5.85% "need not pursuade". The villager, male and teenager have strong response to the above 7.6% of "national symbols". Legality of national foundation" for the urbans and males and twenties "legitimacy of the country" for villagers, and "national culture" for females and teenagers are shown as the grounds of the legitimacy. ② The conciousness of national security measured through the question on aug. 18 Incident(1976) at Pan Mun Jeom appeared following; the causes of the Incident are shown in order of "domestic unstability of North Korea" 928.92%) "shifting responding dissent, 48.77% are on " a little humiliating" and 21.12% are on "utter humiliating". Only 23% showed satisfaction at the counteraction. They showed youthful active counteraction of purnishment, however, it also may cause some anti-American or uncredibility over United States. By region, sex and age, the re3sponses were diffeent greatly. Juvenile's predictions on the possibility of Sino-Soviet Support in case of total war are following; some 80% calculate psychologically that both China and Russia will surely support North Korea militarily and materially, 45.09%, "material support by both". To the way of spritutal militarization, they responded in order of "introduction of North Kjorean affairs" (29.48%), "explanation of N. K's attitudes"(26.20%), "education on N.K's strategy to the South"(20.50%), "to criticize communist thory"(17.96%) and so on. Different responses among regions, sexs and ages are apparent. The Juvenile's pride to foreigner is shown 0.92% of f(R)/N, a little higher to "equality". Villagers are relatively high, medium-size urbans are lowest, and females and teenagers are high in pride to foreigners. ③ To the question on Unification time as one of the conciousnesses of Unification, they responded in order of "impossible forever" (40.16%), "in 30 years"(23.59%) and "in 10 years" (17.99%). It is very undesirable that possibility of Unification is renounced gradually among juveniles. Juveniles are in deadly need of education and enlightenment on increase of Unification conciousness. Differences among the given variable are very apparent. In large city, females and twenties, the re3nunciation is shown greatly. The reasons of Unification are shown in order of "single-nation" (36.38%), "political stability"(32.48%), "preferable to international competition"(20.53%) and so on. Urbans of large cities, males, twenties responded "preferable to Int'l competition", female did "political stability" and teenagers did "single-nation". To "the factors of obstacles to Unification" are shown "antagonistic ideologies" (64.16%), interest situations among Big Four" (18.14%), "North Korean reluctance"(9.60%)and so on. "Interest Situation among Big Four" is shown in large cities and twenties, "N.K's reuctance" in males and teenagers. and "antagonistic ideologies" in females. The ways of Unification are appeared in "economic development"(46.67%). "South-North Dialogue" (26.72%) and so on. "S.N Dialogue" in the villagers, females and teenagers, "Military March for Unification" in males, and "none available" in twenties are expressed relatively high. 6. Conclusion As mentioned above, social conciousness among juvenile is generally good, however, their alienation may be problematic a bit and capabbilty to foreign countries and national conciousness on democratic society are insufficient. However, defence conciousness is highly praisable. That the main sources on communism appeared to be masscom is required to reconsider. Juvenile's view of superiority in living to the North is very confident attitudes and their demandes of more information on North Korean reality and their attitdes toward S. N. Talk as a way of spiritual strengthening is needed to consider by goverment, and some policy-arrangements must be required. Renunication of Unification possibility as "impossible forever" is terrible and therfore, we need to educate and enlighten them for increase of the condiousness. "Military march for Unification"(11.30%) and "no way available"(3.37%) on Unification are surely problematic. In these re3spects, the education on Unification and anticommunism should be strengthended more. To the idea of "loyalty and filial piety", our juveniles are very positive, but indicated "requring a lot of revisions" Then the idea is required significant study and analysis in order to establish as a new value.

약년 흡연자에서 Body Plethysmograph를 포함한 폐기능 검사 성적에 관한 연구 : 흡연의 급성 및 만성 효과 Acute and Chronic Effect of smoking

이상도,권오정,이춘택,조상헌,남귀현,한성구,심영수,김건열,한용철 대한내과학회 1990 대한내과학회지 Vol.38 No.3

It is well known that cigarette smoking induces chronic obstructive lung disease. Recently it has been noted that inflammatory changes of the small airways are the earliest lesions of chronic obstructive lung disease. Impairment of pulmonary function in teenage smokers, or in nonsmokers who are exposed chronically to cigarette smoke, is reported frequently, and after stopping cigarette smoking, restoration of pulmonary function is observed. Many studies are currently being carried out regarding pulmonary function tests for early detection of small airway disease. Different from chronic effect of cigarette smoking, increased resistance of central airways is reported as an acute effect of cigarette smoking, while others report increased resistance of small airways as an acute effect of cigarette smoking. There is many controversies about the major site of acute effect of cigarette smoking. Maximal expiratory flow volume curve, airway resistance, compliance(static and dynamic) and closing volume was measured in healthy medical students without present symptoms of pulmonary disease, with the object of comparison of the sensitivity of pulmonary function test items used for detection of small airway disease in young-age smokers, and to study about the acute effect of cigarette smoking. The results are as follows; 1) Mean age of smokers was 22.9±1.2(21~26) years and the mean of their smoking history was 4.2±1.2(3~7) pack-year. Mean age of nonsmokrs was 22.0±1. 0(21~23) years. 2) Compared to nonsmokers, CV/VC was significantly high(p<0.05) and C1.0/C0.0(Cdyn at repiration rate of 60/min/Cst) was significantly low(p<0.05) in smokers, while other pulmonary function test items showed no significant difference between smokers and and nosmokers. 3) Of 21 smokers, 12 persons(57%) showed significant decrease of Cdyn with an increase of respiration rate, while 2 persons(13%) showed abnormal MMF and other 2 showed abnormal CV/VC among 16 smokers who performed the tests and they all showed significant decrease of Cdyn with an increase of respiration rate. 4) Of 21 smokers, 13 persons(62%) had symptoms of cough or sputum, but there was no significant difference of pulmonary function tests between symptomatic and asymtomatic smokers. 5) After smoking, FEV1/FVC, MMF and PEFR were decreased significantly(p<0.05), and SRAW was increased significantly(p<0.005). 6) After smoking, the decrease of C1.0/C0.0 was significantly larger(p<0.05) in nonsmokers compared to smokers and increase of SRAW was somewhat larger in nonsmokers but without statistical significance.