성악 전공 학생의 가칭 시 음성의 SPR(Singing Power Ratio)에 관한 연구

조성미,정옥란,이상욱 한국음성과학회 2004 음성과학 Vol.11 No.4

This study attempted to provide a spectrum analysis for quantitative evaluation of singing voice quality of singing students rather than the presence or absence of the singer's formant. The regression analysis was used to analyse the relationship between ringing quality, SPR, and SPP of singing voice of college student subjects majoring in music. This study measured singing power ratio (SPR) in 41 singing students. Digital audio recordings were made in sung vowels for acoustic analyses. Each sample was judged by 1 experienced singing teacher and 4 voice pathologists on one semantic bipolar 7-point scales (ringing-dull). The results showed that the SPR and SPP had significant correlations with ringing Quality. The SPR had a significant relationship with ringing quality on singing voice in singing students. The SPR can be an important quantitative measurement for evaluating singing voice quality.

자유주제 : 김현승 시의 변모 양상 -기독교 예정론을 중심으로-

이상옥 ( Sang Ok Lee ) 한국현대문예비평학회 2013 한국문예비평연구 Vol.- No.41

김현승은 50대 이후에 ‘고독’ 테마의 시편으로 시적 개성을 드러내면서 기독교적인 형이상학적 시인으로 한국시사에 매우 특이한 개성으로 자리한다. 우리 시단에서는 드물게 기독교를 본격적으로 자기화하여 기독교가 그에게는 곧 생리이자 사고방식이 되었던 것이다. 본고에서는 기독교에 대해 회의한 50대 전과 후, 그리고 고혈압으로 쓰러진 이후 3기로 나누어 그의 종교적 굴곡에 초점을 맞추어 기독교 예정론을 중심으로 김현승 시의 변모 양상을 살펴보았다. 시인 김현승은 50대에 평생 믿고 따르던 신을 부정하고서 표현론의 관점으로 시를 고스란히 남긴바, 목사의 아들로 태어나 평생 신과 갈등(절대주권과 자유의지)의 파노라마를 보여주었는데, 이런 갈등국면 속에는 기독교 예정론, 즉 기독교 2천 년 역사 속에서 현재 진행형인 신의 절대주권과 자유의지론의 논쟁이 고스란히 드러나면서 그의 시의 변모 양상은 다음과 같다. 제1기는 신의 절대주권과 자신의 자유의지 사이에 충돌을 경험하며 신의 세계를 인정은 하면서도 시인으로서의 자의식이 강하게 드러나 신의 절대주권을 전적으로 수긍하기 힘든 국면을 노래하였다. 신의 절대주권과 자유의지의 충돌로 대표적인 작품으로는 「자화상自畵像」,「푸라타나스」,「사랑을 말함」,「나무와 먼길」,「그냥 살아야지」 등이 있다. 제2기는 신의 절대주권을 벗어나 자신의 의지로 나아가 스스로가 주체가 되고 주인이 되어 실존적 고독을 드러낸다. 대표 작품으로는 「제목題目」,「병病」,「시詩의 맛」,「견고堅固한 고독」, 「절대絶對 고독」,「고독의 끝」등이 있다. 제3기는 신과 결별하고 자유의지를 한껏 추구하며 승승장구하는 듯했으나 고혈압으로 쓰러지고 난 이후 신의 절대주권을 수용하며 절대 신앙의 고백을 드러낸다. 대표작으로 「마지막 지상地上에서」,「촌村 예배당禮拜堂」,「무기武器의 노래」,「나무」,「부활절에」등이 있다. 김현승 시는 절대주권과 자신의 자유의지와의 대결에서 갈등 양상을 보이다가 신의 절대주권에서 자유의지의 세계로 독립하였으나, 결국 신의 절대주권의 세계로 회귀함으로써 신의 절대주권 앞에 복종하는 인간상을 구현해 보이고 있다. 김현승은 기독교 2천년의 가장 큰 이슈인 예정론의 논쟁을 자신의 온 몸으로 수렴하여 시로 표현해 냄으로써, 신앙의 육화(肉化)를 구체적으로 보여주는 시 세계를 구현해 내고 있는 것이다. 이런 점에서 한국시단에서 그의 자리는 드러나는 바가 뚜렷하다. 아울러 예정론과 자유의지론의 논쟁은 기독교 2천 년 역사 속에서 여전히 현재 진행형으로 존재하고 있는바, 그 대결 양상을 생래화하여 문학으로 재현해 보이는 그의 시는 교리적 측면에서도 살펴볼 만한 가치가 분명하다 하겠다. Kim Hyun Sung`s poems in his fifties show the thematic characteristic of solitude. As a poet of Christian metaphysics, he locates himself in a very unique place in the history of Korean poems. He individualizes Christianity and that is an ecology and a way of thinking in his poems. This study deals with his skepticism on Christianity before and after his fifties. The varying patterns of his poems are studied based on the Christian supralapsarianism in the category of three periods after the high blood pressure struck him,Kim Hyun Sung denies God in his fifties whom he believed in his entire life until then. His poems express that well. Born to a church minister, he shows panorama of conflicts with God. The conflict between absolutism and indeterminism is still going on in the two thousand history of Christianity. The varying patterns of his poems are as follows. The first period shows that he accepts God`s absolutism in the conflict with his free will as a poet. He finds it hard to acknowledge God`s absolutism in his strong self-consciousness as a poet. Poems showing such characteristics are “Portrait,” “Platanus,” “Talking about Love,” “Tree and a Long Way,” and “I Will Just Live.”The second period shows that he gets away from God`s absolutism and finds his own way of free will. He becomes a master of himself in the existential solitude. Poems of such characteristics are “Title,” “Disease,” “The Taste of Poems,” “The Solid Solitude,” “The Absolute Solitude,” and “The End of Solitude.”The third period shows that he seems to be victorious in his pursuit of free will after his separation with God. However, the high blood pressure attacked him and made him confess his faith in God in the acceptance of God`s absolutism. Poems of such characteristics are “The Last Day on the Earth,” “In a Country Church,” “The Songs of Weapon,” “The Tree,” and “On the Easter Day.”Likewise, he shows denial and acceptance of God in his poems. His direct experience of supralapsarianism helped him incarnate his belief in God well in his poems. His place in the history of Korean poems is distinct in this respect. It is worthwhile to look into his poems in the light of theology. He made it an ecology in his poems to deal with ongoing conflict between absolutism and indeterminism.

문학과 융합의 상상력 멀티포엠과 디카시(詩)의 전략

이상옥 ( Sang Ok Lee ) 한국현대문예비평학회 2011 한국문예비평연구 Vol.- No.35

This thesis aims at analyzing two contemporary aspects of Korean poems, known as multipoem and dicapoem. These two novel trends represent the ways Korean poems take to surviving in the era of socal network by adopting strategies of utilizing multi-media languages. Chang Kyong-ki, a leader in the multipoem society, proclaimed the first declaration of multipoems in August, 1996, and continued helping the new attempt settle and stabilize itself by holding several multipoem movements and events, such as, Digital Manhe Festival, Multipoem Academy, Multipoem Contests, Multipoem Exhibitions, and the Multipoem Performance Festival. However, although the multipoem movement is significant in that it has utilized computers and calls for change, it is still hard to define multipoem as a unique new genre because it focuses more on the outward expansion by bringing in the image poems on the internet, flash multimedia poems, large size poems, framed poems, and porcelain ware poems. On the other hand, Lee Sang-ok published the first dica (digital camera) poem book titled The Way to Kosung in 2004. He has ever since helped his development further grow and settle down by opening a net cafe, holding dica poem contests and festivals, publishing a dicapoem periodical, and hosting meetings for dica poems researches. In the early 90s, dica poems remained a simple subject in the minor culture, but gradually found its way in the medium of digital environment. Dicapoem had a challenge to answer the general question of compatibility between the picture images and the text, despite the undeniable characteristics lying in utilizing the digital cameras in creating poems. Despite the several problems the multipoem and dicapoem have posed, it is true that they both attract the public interest in that the two similarly command multi-media languages, transcending the mere letters. The multipoem actively utilize the multi-media while the dicapoem accommodate the digital camera images, a kind of basic multi-media language, in conjunction with letters. In this respect, they may well be both considered a new poetic genre in the multimedia era. There is a strong potential for both multipoem and dicapoem to naturalize as an indispensible genre in the digital era, particularly if more progressive theorists participate and develop sophisticated poetics.

자기 효능의 개념 분석

서순림,이은남,박송자,양영희,이동숙,최은옥,구미옥,김인자,이인숙,김성재,박영임,이은옥 서울대학교 간호대학 간호과학연구소 1997 간호학 논문집 Vol.11 No.1

Today human needs for health promotion and maintenance are increasing. The nursing progression has a great responsibility for helping clients to practice good health behavior. self efficacy was found to be potent predictor in initiating and maintaining the health-related behavior. Therefore, the concept is important in nursig intervention for change of health behavior. The purpose of this paper was to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept, self efficacy. This study used Walder & Avant's process of concept analysis. Critical attributes of self efficacy were : 1) positive perception of his won capability; 2) intrapersonal strength; 3) possibility of being learned; 4) individuality; 5) specificity; 6) generalizability. Antecedents of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) new situation occurs; 2) individuals have needs to change the new situation; 3) there are some required actions in new situation. Consequences occurring as a result of self efficacy consist of those facts that 1) individual initiates the of failure; 5) cope with the situation; 6) controls the situation; 7) the level of self efficacy is enhanced; 8) the level of self-esteem is enhanced.

위절제술 환자의 표준진료지침 개발 및 적용 효과

김은희,김철규,이순교,김순덕,이혜옥,권정순,이경미,이민미,심순미,유용만,신종식,강은희,이상일,김병식,오성태,육정환,박수길 한국의료QA학회 2003 한국의료질향상학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background : Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Korea. surgical operation is one of the major treatment modalities for gastric cancer patients. Therefore, gastrectomy is one of the most common procedures in General Surgery. There were variation in length of hospital stay and medical treatment for gastrectomy between three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. Clinical pathways have received considerable attention as a tool for recucing the medical practice variation, increasing the efficiency of care process, and improving the quality of care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a clinical pathway for gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients. Methods : The clinical pathway for gastrectomy was developed and implemented by a multidisciplinary group in Asan Medical Center. A computerized clinical pathway program was developed and revised after a pilot test. A total of 145 patients underwent gastrectomy by three surgeons at Asan Medical Center. We compared the length of hospital stay, patient satisfaction, and unplanned readmission rate between the pre-pathway group(n=67) and the post-pathway group(n=78). We also investigated the degree of satisfaction among the physicians and nurses who were main end-users of the clinical pathway. Results : The clinical pathway was applied to all target patients. The average length of hospital stay was shortened from 12.7days to 10.6days(p<0.01). The degree of patient satisfaction with the care process changed from 90.3% to 89.2% after the implementation of the clinical pathway, but the difference was of satistically significant(p=0.761). Unplanned readmission rate was 2.9% in the pre-pathway group. More than 90% of physicians and nurses answered that the clinical pathway had been a useful tool in their medical practice. Conclusions : The findings of the study demonstrated that implementation of the clinical pathway for gastrectomy produced substantial reduction in the length of hospital stay while improving the quality of patient outcomes. The computerized clinical pathway program can be used as one of the powerful patient management tools for reducing the practice variations and increasing the efficiency of care process in Korea hospital settings.

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

노인의 영적 간호요구

최미혜,김경희,김귀옥,김기숙,김수강,김정신,김춘숙,노흥진,박지연,성혜연,오명선,이선희,이원옥,이윤영,이현수,장명재,차혜경,채정선,홍상희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.1

This study was designed to exam the aged's needs for spiritual nursing care. The purpose was to serve as a basis for the development of spiritual nursing practice. The major findings are as follows : 1. The degree of needs for spiritual nursing care as area was that needs of love and relationship mean 22.0, needs of meaning and object mean 28.2, needs of forgiving mean 13.5. Total needs for spiritual nursing care mean 63.7, which was on the upper middle level. The needs of meaning and object was rated highest. 2. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of love and relatiohship wasn't significanlty different. 3. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, needs of meaning and object was significantly different according to two factors : age(F=7.260, p=0.001), religion(F=5.275, p=0.001). Higher needs of meaning and object was possessed by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other. 4. Among the general characteristics of the subjects, four factors made a significantly difference to needs of forgiving : sex(t=-2.851, p=0.006), age(F=8.201, p=0.001), religion(F=6.928, p=0.000), disease(t=2.327, p=0.024). Higher needs of forgiving was possessed by man than woman, by the older than the younger, by the one who have religion than the other, by the one who have disease than the other.

이상 시의 시간의식 연구

김대웅(Kim, Dae-woong),이상옥(Lee, Sang-ok) 한국어문학회 2016 語文學 Vol.0 No.133

This essay purposes to explain the consciousness on time in Lee Sang’s poems, focusing specifically on his poem, Strange Reversible Reaction. The argument will start from the obvious fact that the poet"s literature was based on the discovery of the material condition, called, the colony Gyeongsung. Through this discussion, what caused rejection and distrust for the time, which appear repeatedly in his literary texts, will be explained. Once, the modernist Lee Sang was dreaming of the perfect world of modernity. But the modern world he experienced was nothing but a cruel civilization with no vitality. As a result, he gave the death sentence to the world and tried to build up a new civilization. His literary texts will answer to the question, “Did the straight line kill the circle?”

담도 및 췌장 악성종양에서의 CAl9-9의 진단적 가치에 대한 평가

명승재,최승목,김은옥,최호순,이성구,김명환,민영일,류진숙 大韓消化器病學會 1995 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.27 No.3

시판용 상토 종류가 배추 유묘기 묘소질에 미치는 영향

이상우,강호종,안상열,채윤석,윤재길,최경옥 진주산업대학교 농업기술연구소 2007 農業技術硏究所報 Vol.20 No.-

시중에 판매되고 있는 상토는 제조 회사에 따라 재료의 구성 및 혼합 비율이 다르다. 시판용상토를 제조사별로 구입하여 상토 제조사에 따라 배추 육묘기 묘소질에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 상토 제조사 별로 배추의 지상부 및 지하부의 생육에 많은 차이가 있었다. 그리고 엽록소 함량 및 단백질 함량에도 차이가 많았으며, 엽록소 및 단백질 함량이 높았던 상토에서 배추의 생육이 좋았다. 상토 제조사별로 상토의 재료 및 혼합비율에 따라 배추의 유묘기 생육에 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The substrate is very important to grow seedling because of directly effect on seedling quality of Chinese cabbage. The substrates manufactured by the companies consist of different materials and mixing ratios. This study was conducted to observe the seedling quality of Chinese cabbage by using of the kinds of substrate. The number of leaf, leaf area, fresh weight, dry weight, root length, root weight and T/R ratio of the seedling were shown in different from each substrate manufactured by the companies. And chlorophyll and protein content of the seedling were also shown in different from substrates supplied from the companies, respectively. Substrate which was high in that was also higher in seedling quality. The material and mixing ratios of substrate effected on the growth of cabbage