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The Adaptive SPAM Mail Detection System using Clustering based on Text Mining
( Sung-sam Hong ),( Jong-hwan Kong ),( Myung-mook Han ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.6
Spam mail is one of the most general mail dysfunctions, which may cause psychological damage to internet users. As internet usage increases, the amount of spam mail has also gradually increased. Indiscriminate sending, in particular, occurs when spam mail is sent using smart phones or tablets connected to wireless networks. Spam mail consists of approximately 68% of mail traffic; however, it is believed that the true percentage of spam mail is at a much more severe level. In order to analyze and detect spammail, we introduce a technique based on spam mail characteristics and text mining; in particular, spam mail is detected by extracting the linguistic analysis and language processing. Existing spam mail is analyzed, and hidden spam signatures are extracted using text clustering. Our proposed method utilizes a text mining system to improve the detection and error detection rates for existing spam mail and to respond to new spam mail types.
孔相默,孫武植 고려대학교 의과대학 1976 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.13 No.1
Toxoplasma appears to have no specific restriction throughout the warm vertebrates, and seems to be equally unrestricted in its geographical distribution. Recently, a few studies were reported in order to evaluate the status of Toxoplasma infections in Korea. Some of these studies showed up to 31.7% of cases of uveitis being due to Toxoplasma. Between May 1975 and October 1975, the author had experienced 6 cases of ocular toxoplasmosis, from which he could not isolate any organism, but there was presumptive evidence of toxoplasma infection in typical ocular findings, positive serological tests for toxoplasmosis, and absence of other causes. There were old healed punched-out lesions localized at the posterior pole in 4 cases, and active exudative retinochoroiditis in 2 cases. The hemagglutination test was positive in all 6 cases.
공상묵 고려대학교 의과대학 1983 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.20 No.1
The presence of tight junctions between adjacent endothelial cells of the retinal blood vessels or between adjacent retinal pigment epithelial(RPE) cells has already been demonstrated. These cells and the tight junctions provide a diffusion barrier termed the blood-retinal barrier. In the present work, we demonstrated ultrastructural alterations of the RPE cells of the rabbit eye after intravitreal and intravenous hyperosmolar mannitol injection. Intravitreal injectin of hyperosmolar mannitol solution caused rapid detachment and permanent retinal degeneration. After extended period of osmotic detachment in the rabbit, the RPE cells became edematous and the microvilli lost their normal organization. Although rupture of apical membrane of some cells and large cysts were often observed, the intercellular tight junctions always appeared intact. Intraveous injection of hyperosmolar mannitol solution(1.37 M and 3 M) produced a mild to moderate structural alterations of the RPE cells. The RPE cells showed many vaculoes and phagosomes in their cytoplasm, but the intercellular tight junctions between the RPE cells were intact. There was no evidence of retinal datachment in systemic injection of hyperosmolar mannitol solution.