소 수정란의 공배양 및 동결이 체외발생에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이종진,이명헌,남윤이,이만휘,이봉구,김상근 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

The studies on the carried out to investigate the effects of co-culture with cumulus cells and oviduct epithelial cells on the in vitro fertilization and cleavage rate of bovine follicular oocytes, and to determine the optimum thawing temperature and equilibration time of frozen bovine embryos and on survival rate and in vitro developmental rate of bovine embryos. The ovaries were obtained from slaughtered Korean native cows. The follicular oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 medium containing 10 IU/㎖의 PMSG(Sigma, USA), 10 IU/㎖의 hCG, 1 ㎍/㎖의 β-estradiol(Sigma, USA) and 10% FCS(Sigma, USA) for 24-48 hrs in incubator with 5% CO_2 in air at 38.5℃ and then matured oocytes were again cultured for 12-18 hrs with motile capacitated sperm by preincubation of heparin. The bovine embryos following dehydration by cryoprotective agents and a various concentrations of sucrose were directly plunged into liquid nitrogen and thawed in 30℃ water. The results are summarized as followes : 1. The in vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured with cumulus cells in TCM-199 media were 75.0%-76.8% and 17.3%-27.6%, respectively. And in-vitro fertilization rates of cumulus-enclosed oocytes(55.4%) were significantly(p<0.05) higher than cumulus-denuded oocytes(23.1%). 2. The in vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured with 1 ×10^4 cells/㎖, 1 ×10^6 cells/㎖, 1 ×10^8 cells/㎖ and 1 ×10^15 cells/㎖ oviduct epithelial cells in TCM-199 media were 74.5%-77.8% and 15.7%-21.2%, respectively. 3. The in-vitro fertilization and in vitro developmental rates of bovine oocytes co-cultured in TCM-199 media containing PMSG, hCG, PMSG + hCG, PMSG + β-estradiol, hCG + β-estradiol 0 to 40 hrs after insemination were 74.0%-77.4% and 18.9% - 23.1, respectively. 4. The survival rates of bovine embryos thawed after rapid freezing in the media containing various kinds of cryoprotective agents added 0.25M and 0.50M sucrose were 14.7% - 35.1% and 17.6% - 31.6%, respectively. The survival rates of bovine embryos thawed after rapid freezing in the freezing media containing a various concentration of sucrose added 1.5M and 2.0M glycerol, 1.5M and 2.0M DMSO, and 1.5M and 2.0M propanediol were 23.5% -31.4% and 20.6% - 34.1%, respectively. 5. The temperature thawed at 30℃ after rapid freezing of bovine embryos resulted in a significantly higher embryos survival rate than did at 20℃ and 35℃. 6. The equilibration time on the survival rates of bovine embryos was attained after short period of time(2.5-5 min.) in the freezing medium higher than ling period of time(10-20min.).

골수염에 대한 Fucidin의 임상경험

문명상,이인주,정구효 최신의학사 1985 最新醫學 Vol.28 No.12

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

10Gbps 2:1 멀티플렉서 설계

이상흥,김도우,구경완 永同大學校 2000 硏究論叢 Vol.6 No.1

광통신 시스템의 송신부에 있어서, 시분할 멀티플렉서는 여러 병렬스트림(stream)들을 높은 비트율을 갖는 하나의 직렬스트림으로 결합한다. 본 논문에서는 2채널(2:1) 시분할 멀티플렉서를 2×8㎛2 크기의 에미터를 갖는 SiGe HBT를 사용하여 설계하였다. 설계된 회로의 동작속도는 10Gbps, 20%∼80%간의 천이시간인 상승시간과 하강시간은 각각 34ps와 35ps이며 전력소모는 0.86W이었다. In the transmitter of optical fiber transmission systems, a time-division multiplexer combines several parallel data streams into a single data stream with a high bit rate. In this paper, we design a 2:1 (2-channels) time-division multiplexer using SiGe HBT with emitter size of 2x8um2. The operation speed is 10Gbps, the rise and fall times of 20-80% are 34ps and 35ps, respectively and the dissipation of power is 0.86W.

인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병에 동반된 심상성 천포창 1 례

이상준,박진용,임태형,윤영호,권순대,남창욱,허규찬,박근용,구본식,김상표,장종억 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

저자들은 인슐린 비의존형 당뇨병 환자에서 통증성 구강내 미란 및 전신성 수포성 미란을 동반한 심상성 천포창 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Various skin conditions such as diabetic dermopathy, necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, bullosis diabeticorum, granuloma annulare occur frequently in diabetes, although common lesions may be associated by chance. Pemphigus vulgaris(PV) is a blistering skin disease seen predominantly in elderly patients. This disorder is characterized by the loss of cohesion between epidermal cells with the resultant formation of intraepidermal blisters. These blisters rupture easily, leaving denuded areases that may crust and enlarge peripherally. In half or more of patients, lesions begin in the mouth: approximately 90% of patients have oromucosal involvement at some time during the course of their disease. But the relationship of this disorder with diabetes is not clear. We experienced a case of pemphigus vulgaris associated with NIDDM in 67 years old woman who was admitted due to painful oral ulcer and control of blood glucose, so we present this case with a review of literatures.

한국인에게 적절한 기관삽관 위치

이승한,최옥경,정구영,정성필 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

Endotracheal intubation is one of the important procedures in ED and various fields. Endobronchial intubation can lead to hypoxemia secondary to tension pneumothorax of intubated side and atelectasis of contralateral side. The placement of tube beyond the vocal cords may results in inadvertent extubation, larygeal spasm and aspiration pneumonia. The conformation methods of endotracheal intubation are auscultation of the chest, observation of a vapor trail, oximetry and capnography, and radiologic evaluation. Owen and associates recommended that oral intubation tubes at the upper incisor teeth at the 23cm in men and the 21cm in women of average adult size would have led to proper placement. We studied that whether the proper depth of endotracheal tube in American is appropriate to Korean. We studied adult patients admitted to ED (of both hospitals during March in 1995. Endotracheal tubes in men were positioned at the 23cm and women had positioned at the 21cm at the upper incisor teeth. The distance of the tip of the endotracheal tube to the tracheal carina on the postintubation chest X-ray then determined. Correct placement of intubation was defined with the tip of the tube≥3cm above the carina and below the level of the larynx. Fifty adult patients were enrolled in the study ; 29 men (58%) and 31 women (42%). Mean height and weight were 170±5.2cm, 68±9kg in men and 158±6.5cm, 56±10kg in women. Reasons for intubation were ; respiratory failure(38%), trauma(16%), increased intracramial pressare(16%), drug intoxication(12%), shock(8%), cardiac arrest(7%)and others(3%). The mean distance from the tip to carina on chest X-ray was 4.13±1.5cm in men and 3.45±2.1cm in women. Proper position was 27/29(93%) in men, 14/21(67%) in women or 41/50(82%). this means the placement of endotracheal tube of our patients was positioned deeper than prion study group(97.6%).(p<.05) We recommend that the 22cm tube mark for men and 20cm tube mard for women at upper incisor teeth would have led to proper placement in Korean adult patient.

채널길이변조를 이용한 GaAs MESFET의 모델

이상흥,김도우,구경완 永同大學校 1999 硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.1

GaAs MESFET는 동작점에 따라 선형영역, 포화영역으로 구분된 모델을 사용함에 따라, GaAs MESFET 회로 해석을 위한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 시 영역의 경계점에서의 1차 2차 미분 불연속으로 인한 해의 발산 문제가 발생하곤 하였다. 본 논문에서는 선형영역과 포화영역을 모두 포함한 통합된 채널길이변조식을 제안하였다. 새로이 제안된 채널길이변조식을 이용하여 전류-전압 모델과 커패시턴스-전압 모델을 제안하였다. 제안된 전류-전압 모델은 Shur의 모델과 비교하였으며 제안된 커패시턴스-전압 모델은 디바이스 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교하였다. 비교된 결과로부터 제안된 모델들은 연속성이 개선될 것으로 기대된다. In the conventional GaAs MESFET circuit simulation, the DC and transient simulation results are often failed due to the discontinuities of the first and second order derivatives arising from the use of separate models in linear, saturation, and transition regions. In this paper, we propose a unified drain current-voltage model by using a unified channel length modulation effect that is derived by extending the channel length modulation effect in the saturation region to the linear region. Calculated results from the proposed drain current-voltage model agree well with the results of Shur model. Also, we propose a unified capacitance model for linear, transition, and saturation regions by using a unified channel length modulation effect. Its results from the proposed capacitance model agree well with 2-D device simulation results. Thus, the proposed models are expected to be useful in circuit simulations.

우리나라 中小株式會社의 問題點 : 大邱地方의 實態

李龍九,崔燁,朴誠圭 嶺南大學校社會科學硏究所 1983 社會科學硏究 Vol.3 No.1

직장레크리에이션에 관한 연구

이준수,김상구 江原大學校附設 體育科學硏究所 1992 江原大學校附設體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.17

The purpose of this study was find out several protits refer to industrial recreation, An extensive activity of recreation has been undergone, but it is instrumentally exist in poorness, It appears to be reaching about 60% the canons of facilities by National sports promotion act. It shows that each industry viorated a canons. Nevertheless activity of recreation was completed by devices. Thus it was the Poverty of instrument that limited the activation of industrial recreation. Severals of proposal required that level of practical instrument was handed in and power of adminstration was disciplined in order to solve this affairs. We must be activation of industrial recreation and development of program could be used it most of salary man, put under an obligation to industry that employed receation leaders.

Ⅰ형 단면을 갖는 변단면 기둥의 정적ㆍ동적해석

이병구,오상진,김헌상 圓光大學校大學院 1993 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The main purpose of this study is to present both the bucking loads and the natural frequencies of tapered columns with I cross-section. The ordinary differential equations governing the bucking loads and the free vibrations of this column are derived as nondimensional forms. The Runge-Kutta method and Determinant Search method are used to perform the integration of the differential equations and to determine the eigenvalues(P?? and C??), respectively. Hinged-hinged, hinged-clamped, clamped and free-clamped end constraints are applied in numerical examples. The bucking loads and natural frequencies are reported as the function of section ratio. The effects of αvariable(width/web thickness) and end constraints are also investigated.