정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

흰쥐늑골 골절후 골외막내 골형성세포의 분화에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

서경환,김성준 한양대학교 의과대학 1990 한양의대 학술지 Vol.10 No.1

Healing process of a fractured bone has been studied by many researchers and it includes formation of callus and transformation of callus into bone via endochondral ossification. During healing process of the fractured bone, there would be occurred many changes in the periosteum and endosteum. Thus the author undertook the present study to observe the differentiation of the osteogenic cells and changes in the periosteum during healing process. Male albino rats, Sprague Dowley strain, weighing 250gm were used as an experimental animals. The rib and its periosteum were cut off with a bone cutter carefully. The experimental animals were sacrificed at 5 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks after operation. The specimens obtained from the callus of the fractured rib and prepared for electron microscope and light microscope. The results were as follows. 1. Periosteum of the fractured rib were rapidly grown and osteoblast and chondroblast of the osteogenic layer were increased in number on the 5 days after rib fracture. 2. Osteoblast and chondroblast of the osteogenic layer transformed into elongated or round form and they contained cytoplasmic processes on the 5 dyas after rib fracture. 3. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes wre increased and cytoplasmic processes were irregular shape in the owteoblast and chondroblast of the periosteum on the 1 week and 2 weeks after rib fracture. 4. After 2 weeks after rib fracture, bone healing was almost completed and periosteum recovered into the that of normal bone and osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblast showed normal shape. Consequently, it is suggested that osteogenic cells would undergo changes on the cytoplasmic organelles and its shape during the healing process.

벌크 기체 시스템에서 파과곡선에 관한 연구

徐成燮,閔焌皓 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

The breakthrough curves of mole fraction and gas velocity were examined under the condition of bulk gas and were compared with the trace system. In the bulk gas system, the breakthrough time obtained from the mass transfer model was faster than that from the local equilibrium(LEQ) model, approaching to the LEQ model as mass transfer coefficient and cell number increased. On the contrary, the center value of the breakthrough curve in the trace system was in accordance with the breakthrough time by LEQ model. For bulk gas mixture, breakthrough of gas velocity was slower than that of concentration. The more distinct this phenomenon was, the higher the adsorbate concentration was. However, in the trace system, the breakthrough curve of gas velocity corresponded with the breakthrough curve of adsorbate concentration. In the LEQ model and cell model, gas velocities before breakthrough occurred at the outlet were in agreement with each other.

연 착화제 효능에 관한 동물실험적 연구

서병성,김준연,김정만,김용규,정갑열,김성환,김인식,김병권 동아대학교 부설 산업의학연구소 1997 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.3

This experiment was carried out to compare the efficacy of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid(DMSA) and calcium ethylenediamine tetraacetate(CaEDTA) as chelating agents for lead poisoning. The rats had been fed water containing 0.5% lead acetate for 3 months and randomly divided into three groups. We administered DMSA only for group I(n=5), CaEDTA only for group II(n=5), and both DMSA and CaEDTA for group III(n=10), for 4 days. We evaluated urinary lead(PbU) level, blood lead(PbB) level and blood zinc protoporphyrin(ZPP) level before and after administration of the chelating agents. The results obtained were as follows; 1. After administration of chelating agents, the mean PbU levels, which were 248.2㎍/dl, 252.6㎍/dl and 270.0㎍/dl in group I, II and III before administration, were increased to 484.6㎍/dl, 479.9㎍/dl and 1,792.1㎍/dl in group I, II and III, respectively(p<0.05). 2. After administration of chelating agents, the mean PbB levels, which were 67.4㎍/dl, 59.9㎍/dl and 62.5㎍/dl in group I, II and III before administration, were decreased to 38.1㎍/dl, 36.3㎍/dl and 31.3㎍/dl in group I, II and III, respectively(p<0.05), but there were no different changes of ZPP level among groups. 3. The blood lead clearances, which were calculated by PbB level before and after administration of chelating agents, were 49.8%, 43.5% and 39.5% in group III, I and II, respectively.

Brevibacterium sp. EL-0272S에 의한 환경오염물질 Diaminododecane 資化에 관한 硏究

徐康泰,李相俊 부산대학교 환경문제 연구소 1985 環境硏究報 Vol.3 No.-

Thirty microorganisms capable of utilizing diaminododecane were isolated from the soil by enrichment culture technique. One of these isolated strains was designated EL-0272S and identified as the genus Brevibacterium from the results of morphological,cultural,and biochemical tests. This isolated strain was named temporaily Brevibacterium sp. EL-0272S. Brevibacterium sp. EL-0272S was tested for ability to utilize different kinds of substituted alkanes containing cyan, amine, chloro, and thiol groups (monoterminally or diterminally substituted) as carbon source. Pentamethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, laurylamine, n-decane, and alkane derivatives containing cyan, chloro, and thiol guoups were not utilized by Brebibacterium sp. EL-0272S. The alkane derivatives that did not serve as growth substrates were tested further in oxidation tests using resting cell preparations of Brevibacterium sp. EL-0272S. The most remarkable substrate that was being oxidized was dichlorodecane containing chloro groups diterminally. The metabolic products formed from diaminododecane by Brevibacterium sp. EL-0272S were acid compounds containing carboxyl group and not containing amine group. On the thin layer chromatography, Rf value of these metabolic products was different from that of the products formed by Corynebacterium sp.DAD 2-3. These results suggested the specificity of diaminododecane as carbon source.

국소적인 가열후 금속 나사의 풀림 회전력 변화

서성욱,유정준,김희중 대한정형외과연구학회 2003 대한정형외과연구학회지 Vol.6 No.2

바람에 의한 정사각주형 건물주위의 유동해석

서상호,노형운,심준완,이광열 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

It is necessary to understand fully the effects of wind forces on buildings, specially high-rise buildings in a large city. Air flows around a cubic-shaped model are investigated experimentally in the wind tunnel and simulated numerically. Pressure distributions and the corresponding pressure coefficients are determined by the experimental results. The pressure distribution results are compared with the numerical analysis. The software of FLOW3D Release 3.2.1 is used for numerical analyses. The numerical results for pressure distribution are in fairly good agreement with those of experiments.

中學校 學生들의 興味와 適性에 관한 硏究

徐雨錫,申尹澈,尹晙相 公州大學校 産業開發硏究所 1995 産業開發硏究 Vol.3 No.-

This study examined by t-test and ANOVA the difference of aptitude and academic interests among the groups differentiated by sex, location et al. for middle school students. The subject were 1,000 middle school students who were enrolled in a Kyounggi-Province in the 1st semester of 1995. Finding offered the difference of aptitude and academic interests according to the groups differentiated by sex, location et al. Based on the results of they study, implication and recommendations were suggested.

G292 세포에서 세포막 신장으로 활성화되는 K^+통로의 특성

이상국,정동근,서덕준,박수병 대한치과교정학회 2000 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.30 No.2

본 연구에서는 인체 골종양에서 유래한 G292세포를 이용하여 압력으로 세포막을 신장(stretch)시켰을 때 K+ 통로의 전기적 활성 변화를 연구하였다. 배양된 세포에서 유리전극을 이용하여 세포막 내측이 유리전극의 외부로 향하도록 inside-out patch를 얻어 단일이온통로전류를 막전압고정법 (patch clamp recording)으로 기록하였다. G292세포의 세포막 내외에 140 mM KCl용액이 있는 상태에서 유리전극내 전압을 -80 mV로 고정했을 때 전도성이 270±27 pS, 113±12 pS, 48±8 pS인 3가지 종류의 K+통로를 관찰하였다. 전도성이 낮은 48 pS의 K+ 통로는 모든 세포막에서 관찰하였으며 270 pS 및 113 pS의 K+ 통로는 일부 세포에서만 관찰하였다. 48 pS의 K+ 통로는 세포막 외측에 음의 전압을 가하면 활성화되고 양의 전압을 가하면 활성화되지 않는 외향성 정류특성을 보였다. 세포막 외측에 음압을 가하면 48pS의 K+통로는 활성화되었으며 이온 통로가 열리는 확률(Popen)이 가하는 압력에 비례하여 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 G292세포주에 3가지 종류의 K+통로가 존재하며 전도성이 낮은 48pS의 K+통로만이 세포막 신장에 의하여 직접적으로 활성화되는 특성을 보였다. 이러한 K+ 통로의 활성화는 세포가 기계적 자극을 받아 세포막이 신장되면 세포막전압을 과분극시키며 조골세포에서 기계적 강수기로서의 기능을 수행하여 조골세포의 골개조에 관여할 것으로 추측된다. K+-selective ion channels were studied in excised inside-out membrane patches from human osteoblast-like cells (G292). Three classes of K- channels were present and could be distinguished on the basis of conductance. Conductances were 270±27 pS, 113± 12 pS, 48±8 pS according to their approximate conductances in symmetrical 140 mM KCI saline at holding potential of -80 mV. It was found that the small conductance (48 pS) K+ channel activation was dependent on membrane voltage. In current-voltage relationship, small conductance K+ channel showed outward rectification, and it was activated by the positive potential inside the membrane. In recordings, single channel currents were activayed by a negative pressure outside the membrane. The membrane pressure increased Popen of the K+ channel in a pressure-dependent manner. In the excised-patch clamp recordings, G292 osteoblast-like cells have been shown to contain three types of K+ channels. Only the small conductance (48 pS) K+ channel is sensitive to the membrane stretch. These findings suggest that a hyperpolarizing current, mediated in part by this channel, may be associated with early events during the mechanical loading of the osteoblast. In G292 osteoblast-like cells, K+ channel is sensitive to membrane tension, and may represent a unique adaptation of the bone cell membrane to mechanical stress.

直感을 응용한 企業經營戰略(Ⅱ)

李相俊,徐佑澤 홍익대학교 동북아연구소 2002 東北亞硏究 Vol.6 No.-

It is said the 21st century is so-called the era of Fs, which stand for Feeling, Fiction and Female. One of the common characteristics of these 3 Fs is that, according to the theories of physiology, they are related to the work of the right part of brain rather than the opposite. This means the masculine world where the physical and realistic power has been domineering is being replaced by the feminine one where more emotional and metaphysical power is regarded to be superior. That is to say, the dominant trend that the society of left-brain is being moved to the society of right-brain is expected to emerge in this 21st century. And This trend is also expected to bring some changes to the corporate management by developing new products with the focus on sensationalism and metaphysics and by widening the range of services that a corporate renders. Therefore it is underlined that a different approach to the management by sensibility, which has been underestimated compared to the conventional management method, is needed along with the efforts to find out its practical applications. However, it must be noted that these two different management methods are not contending each other. A consolidated management strategy that maximizes the strengths of those two management methods with which we would survive this new management strategy by paying more attention to the intuitive power. To accomplish this, each corporation must establish its own program reflecting its situations, circumstances and abilities.