서울시 지하철 역사내부의 음향특성평가에 관한 연구

이상우,정대업,이수열,차상곤,심명석 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.19 No.4

This study aims at providing useful data for the design of underground stations through an extensive survey of acoustic properties in underground stations in Seoul. In order to improve the sound efficiency at the underground station, sound characteristics in the space of the underground station were studied. Architectural features of underground stations located in Seoul were examined by visiting every site and analyzing drawings. The distinction in architectural features of this study resulted in the line-side section, the shape of under-platform section and ceiling material. Number of underground stations was selected and categorized based on architectural features, such as line-side section, the shape of platform section and ceiling material. Each selected station was revisited and the noise levels were measured and compared with the architectural features. The study found that the Sum-Sik type is more efficient than the one of the Sang-Dae-Sik type, which can be used for subway stations. The semi-circular section for the railway-side seems to contribute on the attenuation of noise transmitting from trains to the platform. In addition, the aluminum absorbing panel, net luber and zinc plate (panel 40% and net 60%) as ceiling meterial are more efficient than the horizontal aluminum spendral panel, vertical aluminum spendral panel with line and zinc plate (panel 40% and net 60%), respectively.

RC 프레임면내 조적채움벽의 내진성능 평가에 관한 실험적 연구

이정한,차승렬,강대언,오상훈,이용재,이원호,김상대 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

The objectives of this study are 1) to find out the shear behavior and shear capacity of RC bare frames, brick-infilled RC frames, 2) to evaluate the equation of the shear capacity of two types of RC frames by comparison the Japanese Standard and modified equation adopting the test results. The main variable is the absence of brick infill wall. The test results show that the shear capacity of specimen IF-4.2 is 2.3 times as high as that of the specimen IF-4.2.The shear behavior of RC bare frame which is governed by predominant flexural yielding is changed to predominant shear yielding by affection of the brick infill wall. A comparison of the results obtained by the Japanese Standard equation and the modified equation to the test data indicates that the proposed equation is compatible with the test results.

담도폐쇄증 환아의 내인성 착색치아에 대한 증례보고

이창희,이상대,김영재,김정욱,한세현,이상훈 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

담도페쇄증은 간장외 담관의 부분적이거나 완전한 파괴 또는 부재로 인한 담즙흐름의 완전한 폐쇄로 정의된다. 이 질환은대략 10,000명당 1명 정도 비율로 발생하며 여성에서 약간 높은 빈도를 보인다. 원인인자는 명확히 밝혀지지 않았으며 증상은 과빌리루빈혈증과 함께 황달, 점토색변, 지방설사, 어두운 갈색뇨, 간비대 등을 보인다. 최근의 담도폐쇄증의 치료는 간문장문합술 단독 혹은 간이식술을 병행하는 경향이다. 본 증례의 환자에서는 다양한 정도의 치아변색을 보였으며 색상은 노란색에서부터 짙은 초록색까지 다양했다. 법랑질의 저형성증이 모든 치아에 나타났고 구강위생이 좋지 않았으며 다발성 우식증을 가지고 있었다. Biliary atresia is defined as a complete obstruction of bile flow owing to destruction or absence of all or part of the extrahepatic bile ducts. This disease is occurring in approximately 1:10,000 live births and moderate pre-dominance of female is noted. The etiology of biliary atresia remained unsolved. The signs and symptoms are hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, clay-colored stools, steatorrhea, dark yellow urine and hepatomegaly. Currently biliary atresia is best managed by hepatic portoenterostomy with or without liver transplantation. Biliary atresia patients with these cases showed staining of the teeth. The stains ranged in color from yellowish-brown to deep green. Enamel hypoplasia was all erupted teeth present. Patients had poor oral hygiene and rampant caries.

상염색체우성 다낭신의 임상경과 및 합병증

이상주,이영모,이한규,최대은,박기현,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease(ADPKD) is one of most common hereditary disorder. It is potentially fatal and the major mobilities are hypertension and renal failure. To elucidate clinical characteristics and outcomes of ADPKD, 67 ADPKD patients were analyzed retrospectively. The male to female ratio was 48 years for males and 42 years for females. The factors leading to the dignosis of ADPKD were flank or abdominal pain (46%), palpable abdominal mass (24%), incidental findings (18%), gross hematuria and headache. Urinalysis result showed hematuria (31%), proteinuria (19%), pyuria (18%). Among renal complications hypertension (67%) was the most common. Other complications were urolithiasis (16%) upper urinary tract infection (9%), cyst infection (7%). Azotemia was observed in 24% of cases. Echocardiography showed left ventricular hypertrophy in 24% and valvular regurgitation in 18% of cases, but there was no mital valve prolapse. Cerebrovascular events occurred in 6 cases (2 cases of intervertebral hemorrhage and 4 cases of cerebral infarction). Hipatic cyst were observed in 64% of cases. Eighteen cases culminated in end stage renal failure (ESRF) at an of 47. According to this study, the most common complications of ADPKD was hypertension (67%), ESRF (27%), and cerebrovascular event (9%). Hypertension was more frequently observed in increased creatinine group than normal.

토양중 게르마늄 농도에 따른 벼의 생육 특성 및 게르마늄 흡수

이성태,이영한,최용조,이상대,이춘희,허종수 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

게르마늄의 약리효능이 알려짐에 따라 게르마늄이 깅화된 기능성 농산물의 요구도가 높아지는 추세이다. 본 연구는 게르마늄의 농업적 이용에 대한 기초 사료를 제공하고자 실시하였으며, 벼의 생육 및 게르마늄 흡수에 미치는 게르마늄처리 효과는 다음과 같다. 게르마늄을 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 및 10.0 mg/kg으로 처리할 토양을 와그너포트에 넣어 벼를 재배힌 결과, 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 게르마늄 독성의 증가로 초장, 수장, 수수 및 수량이 급격히 감소하였으며 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 이상에서는 게르마늄 독성이 발생하였다. 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 벼의 게르마늄 흡수랑은 증가하였으나 벼의 게르마늄 이용율은 게르마늄 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg 처리에서 각각 20.7, 12.5 및 7.5%로서 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 벼의 부위별 게르마늄 함량은 볏짚>왕겨>현미 순으로 높았다. 게르마늄 2.5 mg/kg 처리시 볏짚, 왕겨 및 현미의 게르마늄 함량은 각각 103.4, 30.2 및 3.02 mg/kg 이었고, 볏짚과 왕겨에서는 게르마늄 무처리에서도 각각 2.9 및 3.9 mg/kg을 함유하고 있었다. 쌀의 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 게르마늄 처리농도가 증가할수록 Asx., Thr., Ser. 등 대부분 종류의 아미노산 함량이 증가하였으며, 그 결과 현미중 질소흡수량도 증가하였다. In order to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of Germanium(Ge), the growth characteristics and Ge absorption of rice plant were investigated with different Ge concentration in soil. Ge concentrations were treated with 0, 2.5, 5.0 7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg in pot(1/5,000a), respectively. As higher the Ge concentration in soil, the Ge absorption amount in straw, husk and brown rice were increased. But the yields were decreased with the increase of Ge phytotoxicity. When rice plant was grown more than 2.5 mg/kg Ge(as GeO₂) in the soil, growth was inhibited by germanium phytotoxicity and necrosis spots were observed in the rice leaf blades. Therefore the optimum concentration of Ge was less than 2.5 mg/kg in rice plant. When rice plant was cultivated on soil supplemented with 2.5 mg/kg Ge, Ge content in straw, husk and brown rice was 103.4, 30.2 and 3.02 mg/kg, respectively. The Ge content in plant was high in the order of straw > husk > brown rice. Most of the amino acids in rice were increased with the increase of Ge treatment, besides, total amino acid contents also increased.

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

횡문근융해증과 급성 신부전 및 범발성 혈관내 응고장애를 동반한 열사병 1예

최대은,박수진,권오경,이한규,이영모,이상주,나기량,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.2

Heat stroke is a life-threatening illness characterized by an elevated core body temperature that rises above 40% and central nervous system dysfunctions that results in delirium, convulsions, or coma. Heat stroke is subdivided into two forms, classic and exertional. Since strenuous exercise is one of the major exacerbating and precipitating factors, the incidence of exertional heat stroke is high among young adult, especially military personnel undergoing military training. Exertional heat stroke commonly causes rhabdomyolysis, lactic acidosis, acute renal failure, shock and pulmonary edema. We report a case of heat stroke with rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy(DIC) after strenuous exercise. A 18 year old man was admitted to the hospital because of loss of consciousness. He was a wrestler and he had tried to lose 6kg in weight by jogging and strenuous exercise on that summer day with hot temperature. The development of this illness was favoured by much clothes inappropriate for that environmental condition with a purpose to enhance sweating, and by restricted intake of water and food. On admission, the blood pressure was 80/50mmHg, and body temperature was 39.4℃ with stuporous mentality. Laboratory finding were as follows : in complete blood cell count, hemoglobin was 16.7g/dL and platelet count was 158,000/ mm³. In blood chemistry, AST 1061U/L, ALT 201U/L, BUN 30mg/dL, Cr 2.2mg/dL, LDH 941IU/L, CK 696IU/L were resulted. In arterial blood gas analysis, pH 7.39, pCO₂ 30mmHg pO₂ 86mmHg, HCO₃ 18.4mEq/L, O₂ saturation 96.7% were resulted. In urinalysis, specific gravity 1.025, protein 3+, erythrocyte 2+ were resulted. In brain imaging study, brain CT finding was normal. After appropriate treatments with rapid cooling, hydration and supportive care, he improved with alert mental status. On 2nd hospital day, in laboratory result, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy were appeared and renal insufficiency was aggravated. So he was treated with platelet concentrate and fresh frosen plasma for DIC, and enough hydration for appropriate urine volume preservation. After all, On 22nd hospital day, he fully recovered and discharged. Nowadays, with followed for some duration, he is wellbeing with no complications.

만성 승모판 패쇄부전증 환자에서의 안지오텐신 전환효소 억제제의 장기 투여 효과

김대희,이명묵,이해영,조현재,박승정,서재빈,서정원,양한모,윤창환,조상호,이준희,김용진,김명아,손대원,오병희,박영배 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

Enamel Microabrasion을 시행한 법랑질과 복합레진의 전단결합강도

홍기상,이상훈,이상대 大韓小兒齒科學會 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

Enamel microabrasion은 염산과 연마제를 사용하여 치아의 착색을 제거하는 술식으로서, 그 효과는 법랑질 표층에 국한된다. Enamel microabrasion으로 모든 착색이 치료 가능한 것은 아니므로, 착색이 깊을 경우에는 microabrasion후에도 제거되지 않고 남은 착색부위를 광중합 복합레진을 사용해 수복할 것이 권장된다. 본 연구의 목적은 enamel microabrasion의 방법과 시간이 법랑질에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합걍도에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이었다. 아무런 처치도 하지 않은 대조군을 1군으로 하였고, 18% 염산과 fine pumice의 혼합물을 hand applicator로 치면에 5초씩 5,10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 2,3군으로 하였다. 10% 염산과 연마제의 혼합물인 기성품 PREMA를 10:1 gear reduction handpiece로 20초씩 5, 10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 4,5군으로 하였다. 여기에 37% 인산으로 부식 후 복합레진을 결합시켜 thermocycling 후 전단결합강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 2군이 가장 높은 결합강도(24.36±3.34MPa)를 나타내었고, 3군이 가장 낮은 결합강도 (19.35±3.43MPa)를 보였다. 전단결합강도는 2>4>5>1>3군의 순서로 감소하였다. 2. 2군은 1군과 3군보다 통계학적으로 유의성있게 높은 결합강도를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군과 PREMA를 사용한 4,5군 사이에는 유의한 결합강도의 차이가 없었다 (p<0.05) 4. 파절면 검사에서, adhesive failure는 3,4군에서 나타났고, cohesive failure는 1,2,3,4군에서 관찰되었다. 5군에서는 mixed failure만이 관찰되었다. 5. SEM관찰에서, 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군에서는 인산으로 부식한 것과 비슷한 표면양상이 관찰되었고, PREMA로 처리한 4,5군에서는 1군과 흡사한 매끈한 표면양상이 관찰되었다. 각 군의 시편을 인산으로 부식시킨 다음에는 전형적인 산부식 후의 표면양상이 관찰되었고, 군간 별다른 차이가 없었다. Enamel microabrasion is a means by which superficial enamel discoloration is removed using hydrochloric acid and fine pumice. As enamel microabrasion alone may not by sufficient in cases of deeper discoloration, composite resin restoration is recommended in areas where there is remaining discoloration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different methods and number of applications of enamel microabrasion on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. Untreated control was designated as groups1,5-second applications of a mixture of 18% HCI and fine pumice were performed 5 and 10 times on groups 2 and 3, respectively. A commercially available mixture of 10% HCI and abrasives (PREMA) was appliedusing a 10:1 gear reduction handpiece 5 and 10 times on groups 4 and 5, respectively, with each application lasting 20 seconds. After etching with 37% phosphoric acid, composite resin was bonded. Thermocycling was performed and shear bond strength was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. Group 2 showed the highest bond strength(24.36±3.34), while group 3 showed the lowest (19.35±3.43). Shear bond strength decreased in the following order: 2>4>5>1>3. 2. Group 2 showed bond strength significantly higher compared to groups 1 and 3(p<0.05). 3. There were no significant differences between groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, and groups 4 and 5, to which PREMA had been applied, when bond strengths were compared(p>0.05) 4. When modes of fracture were examined, adhesive failure was observed in groups 3 and 4, while cohesive failure was observed in groups 1,2,3 and 4. Only mixed failures were found in group 5. 5. When viewed using a SEM, groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, showed surface appearances similar to that of enamel etched with phosphoric acid. Groups 4 and 5, treated with PREMA, exhibited a smooth surface similar to that of group 1. All groups showed similar, typical surface characteristics following phosphoric acid etching.

동종 골수 이식한 백혈병에서 단반복 유전자로 살펴본 혼합 키메라 현상의 의의

장대영,이정신,서철원,이규형,이제환,지현숙,박찬정,한면수,최동원,김정균,최성준,김성배,김상위,김우건,김상희 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.1

연구배경 : 동종 골수 이식한 백혈병에서 키메라 현상의 분석은 착상, 질병 재발과 이식 거부를 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 있다. 최근 STR을 PCR로 증폭한 검사법에 의해 매우 민감하고 유용하게 혼합 키메라 현상을 검출할 수 있다고 보고되고 있으나, 이 방법의 민감도와 임상적 의의는 아직 완전히 정립되지는 않았다. 따라서 PCR-STR검사법이 혼합 키메라 현상을 민감하게 검출하는지 보고, 동종 골수 이식 후 혼합 키메라 현상의 변화 양상을 관찰하고, 키메라 현상의 임상적 의의를 보고자 하였다. 방법 : 형제로부터 동종 골수 이식한 급성 백혈병 6명과 만성 백혈병 2명의 모두 8명을 대상으로 하였다. 44개 골수 검체에서 phenol/chloroform방법에 의하여 단핵세포 DNA를 추출하였다. DNA는 CTT 삼중체, vWA와 amelogenin시발체를 이용하여 증폭하였다. 증폭 산물은 5% 폴리아크랄아미드 젤에서 전기영동 뒤 은 염색으로 확인하였다. 2명의 DNA를 여러 비율로 혼합하여 상기 검사를 하여 검출 가능 최소 농도를 결정하였다. 결과 : 상기 검사법의 검출 가능 최소농도는 0.25%였다. 혼합 키메라 현상은 8명중 4명에서 관찰되었다. 혼합 키메라 현상은 보인 1명에서 급성 및 만성 이식편대 숙주 질환이 나타났고, 완전 공여자 키메라 현상을 보인 1명에서 만성 이식편 대 숙주 질환이 나타났다. 점진적으로 증가하는 혼합 키메라 현상을 보인 2명은 이식 후 12개월에 질병 재발을 보였으나, 완전 공여자 키메라 현상을 보인 경우엔 재발이 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : PCR-STR검사법은 동종 골수 이식 후 남아 있는 환자 세포를 검출하고 키메라 현상을 관찰하는데 유용한 방법이다. 또한 이 검사법은 동종 골수 이식 후 재발의 조기 진단, 이식편 대 숙주 질환의 평가와 면역 관용에 임상적으로 응용할 수 있으리라 생각한다. Background : Chimerism analysis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for leukemia could be helpful understanding of the early marrow engraftment, disease relapse, and graft rejection. Recently, a PCR technique which amplifies short tandem repeats(STR) has been reported to be highly sensitive and reliable in detecting mixed chimerism. But its sensitivity and clinical significance has not been established. The purpose of this study was firstly, to confirm whether a PCR-STR in highly sensitive enough ti assess mixed chimerism, secondly to monitor the changing patterns of mixed chimerism after allogeneic BMT, and lastly to determine correlation between the chimeric status and the clinical outcome. Methods : A study was made eight patients (six with acute leukemia and two with chronic leukemia) who underwent unmanipulated allogeneic BMT along with matched donors. DNA was extracted from mononuclear cells of 44 bone marrow samples using a phenol/chloroform method. Amplification of DNA was done using CSFIPO-TPOX-TH01(CTT) triplex with or without vWA or amelogenin primer. The amplified product was separated on 5% polyacrylamide gel and was confirmed by silver staining. The sensitivity of CTT triplex method was determined by mixing DNA from two person in serial proportion using the same method. Results : The sensitivity for CTT triplex method was 0.25% Mixed chimerism was documented in 4 of 8 patients. ONe of four patients with mixed chimerism developed acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) and one of four patients with complete donor chimerism also developed chronic GVHD. Two patient with progressive mixed chimerism relapsed at 12 months post-BMT, whereas no patient with complete donor chimerism has relapsed. Conclusion : The study has found that PCR-STR was an effective method for the detecting residual host cell and monitoring the chimeric status after allogenic BMT. PCR-STR can also be clinically applicable in early prediction of relapse, appropriate assessment of GVHD, as well as tolerance after allogeneic BMT.