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Rokhsana Ethin,Md Shakhawate Hossain,Animesh Roy,Marcellin Rutegwa 한국수산과학회 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.2
Background: Wild fish populations stock is continuously diminishing in the Indo-Ganges river basin, and the population status of most fishes is unidentified. The identification of the population status and the conservation of commercially important and endemic wild fish populations in this region are crucial for the management. The aim of this paper was to identify the population status of Cirrhinus reba, a promising aquaculture but vulnerable species in the Indo-Ganges river basin in Bangladesh. Methods: C. reba samples were collected from four isolated populations of the Brahmaputra (n = 30), the Padma (33), the Karatoya (31), and the Jamuna Rivers (30) in Bangladesh, and the population status was evaluated using morphometric and landmark comparisons. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, univariate analysis, discriminant function analysis, and the formation of a dendrogram. Results: Three meristic characters (Pectoral fin rays, caudal fin rays, scale in lateral lines), four morphometric characters (head length, pre-orbital length, post-orbital length, maximum body depth), and truss measurement (4–7) were significantly different among the stocks. The step-wise discriminant function analysis retained 15 variables from morphometric and landmark measurements that significantly differentiated the populations based on the constructed DFI and DFII. Discriminate function analysis also showed that 91.2% of the original groups were classified into their correct samples. The cluster analysis of Euclidean distances placed the Jamuna population in one cluster and the Brahmaputra, the Padma, and the Karatoya populations in the second one. Conclusion : Morphological differences among the stock were probably due to different ancestral origin. This is the first report about population status of C. reba in their natural habitat of the Indian subcontinent. Further genetic studies and the evaluation of environmental impact on C. reba populations in Bangladesh are suggested to support our findings.
( Won Young Tak ),( Henry Lik-yuen Chan ),( Patrick Marcellin ),( Calvin Q. Pan ),( Andrea L Cathcart ),( Neeru Bhardwaj ),( Yang Liu ),( Stephanie Cox ),( Bandita Parhy ),( Eric Zhou ),( John F Flahe 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Presented herein are the post Week 48 through Week 96 resistance analyses for Phase 3 studies evaluating tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Methods: Patients were randomized 2:1. HBV pol/RT population or deep sequencing was conducted for patients with viremia at Week 96 or at early discontinuation post Week 48. Deep sequencing was conducted for patients with HBV DNA >159 IU/mL and sequence changes at the consensus sequence level are reported. Phenotypic analysis was performed for Virologic breakthrough (VB) patients who were adherent to study drug, patients with conserved site substitutions, or for polymorphic substitutions emergent in >1 patient. Results: TAF and TDF were treated in 866 and 432 patients, respectively. A similar percentage of patients in the arms qualified for sequence analysis. In the TAF arm, 87 (10.5%) patients qualified: 31 had no sequence change from baseline, 15 were unable to sequence (UTS), 32 had polymorphic site substitutions, and 9 had conserved site substitutions. In the TDF arm, 45 (10.9%) patients qualified: 26 had no sequence change, 6 were UTS, 11 had polymorphic site substitutions, and 2 had conserved site substitutions. Each detected conserved site substitution other than rtA181T was observed in one patient. The rtA181T substitution in 2 patients, 1 from each arm, was not associated with increasing plasma HBV DNA levels. At Week 96, a small percentage of patients experienced VB, and VB was often associated with nonadherence. 27 patients qualified for phenotypic analysis and no patient isolates tested showed a reduction in susceptibility to TAF or tenofovir, respectively. Conclusions: The proportion of patients analyzed and the HBV sequence changes observed were similar between patients in the TAF and TDF arms. Most substitutions occurred at polymorphic positions and no substitutions associated with resistance to TAF were detected through 96 weeks of treatment.
Ethin, Rokhsana,Hossain, Md Shakhawate,Roy, Animesh,Rutegwa, Marcellin The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2019 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.22 No.6
Background: Wild fish populations stock is continuously diminishing in the Indo-Ganges river basin, and the population status of most fishes is unidentified. The identification of the population status and the conservation of commercially important and endemic wild fish populations in this region are crucial for the management. The aim of this paper was to identify the population status of Cirrhinus reba, a promising aquaculture but vulnerable species in the Indo-Ganges river basin in Bangladesh. Methods: C. reba samples were collected from four isolated populations of the Brahmaputra (n = 30), the Padma (33), the Karatoya (31), and the Jamuna Rivers (30) in Bangladesh, and the population status was evaluated using morphometric and landmark comparisons. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test, univariate analysis, discriminant function analysis, and the formation of a dendrogram. Results: Three meristic characters (Pectoral fin rays, caudal fin rays, scale in lateral lines), four morphometric characters (head length, pre-orbital length, post-orbital length, maximum body depth), and truss measurement (4-7) were significantly different among the stocks. The step-wise discriminant function analysis retained 15 variables from morphometric and landmark measurements that significantly differentiated the populations based on the constructed DFI and DFII. Discriminate function analysis also showed that 91.2% of the original groups were classified into their correct samples. The cluster analysis of Euclidean distances placed the Jamuna population in one cluster and the Brahmaputra, the Padma, and the Karatoya populations in the second one. Conclusion : Morphological differences among the stock were probably due to different ancestral origin. This is the first report about population status of C. reba in their natural habitat of the Indian subcontinent. Further genetic studies and the evaluation of environmental impact on C. reba populations in Bangladesh are suggested to support our findings.
All-oral Dual Therapy with Daclatasvir and Asunaprevir in Patients with HCV Genotype 1B Infection
Michael Manns,Stanislas Pol,Ira M. Jacobson,Patrick Marcellin,Stuart C. Gordon,Cheng-Yuan Peng,Ting-Tsung Chang,Gregory T. Everson,Jeong Heo,Guido Gerken,Boris Yoffe,William J. Towner,Marc Bourliere,S 한국간담췌외과학회 2014 한국간담췌외과학회 학술대회지 Vol.2014 No.4
Clementine Amenan Kouakou-Koua,Florent Kouadio N’guessan,Didier Montet,Marcellin Koffi Dje 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.1
This study identified biogenic amines, fatty acids, and volatile compounds in adjuevan, an Ivorian traditionally salted and fermented fish. Samples were obtained from two processing methods (method 1: entire fish adjuevan; method 2: both sides filleted adjuevan) with the fish species Galeoides decadactylus. Biogenic amines found in freshly produced adjuevan were histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, β-phenyl ethylamine, and spermidine. Among these, the most prevalent were β-phenyl ethylamine and cadaverine. Biogenic amine contents varied according to the processing method but remained lower than levels considered hazardous for human health. The major fatty acids present in adjuevan from method 1 were docosahexaenoic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. In adjuevan from method 2, the major fatty acids were oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. The omega (ω)-3/ω-6 ratio was 8.87 and 4.12 for adjuevan from methods 1 and 2, respectively. Most of the fatty acids are considered healthy fats, making adjuevan a useful food for treating and preventing lifestyle diseases. The volatile compounds found composed of 19 aldehydes, 12 alcohols, 7 esters, 7 ketones, 3 furans, 10 aromatic compounds, and 7 acids with aldehyde, alcohol, and ester compounds as the predominant groups. Among the aldehydes, 2,4-heptadienal (E,Z), octanal, and 2-octenal (E) were most prevalent in adjuevan from method 1, whereas 2-nonenal (E), 2,4-heptadienal (E,Z), and octanal were most prevalent in adjuevan from method 2.
( W Ray Kim ),( Rohit Loomba ),( Selim Gurel ),( John Flaherty ),( Eduardo B Martins ),( Leland J Yee ),( Phillip Dinh ),( Maria Buti ),( Patrick Marcellin ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Patients with chronic hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection are at increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Population-based studies have suggested an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with higher levels of HBV-DNA. Therefore, it is possible that anti-viral therapy that reduces HBV-DNA levels may reduce the occurrence of HCC. We examined the clinical and demographic characteristics of HCC cases in patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Methods: We studied the clinical and demographic characteristics of the 641 patients enrolled in pivotal studies GSUS- 174-0102 and GS-US-174-0103. Results: During the first 288 weeks of studies 102/103, there were 13 cases of HCC. Three cases occurred during the first 48 weeks. 9/13 cases were HBeAg-negative and 3 of these were cirrhotic. 4/13 cases were HBeAg-positive at baseline and 3 of these were cirrhotic. 11/13 cases were male. 2/13 patients had regression of histological cirrhosis on repeat liver biopsies. Among the 13 HCC cases, 5 were genotype (gt)-D, 4 gt-C, 1 gt- B, 1 gt-E, 1 gt-F and 1 unable to genotype. Conclusions: In 288 weeks of TDF therapy, there were only 13 cases of HCC. 3 of the HCC cases were reported within the first 48 weeks of therapy. Despite the small number of cases, HCC surveillance needs to be done in patients on long-time oral antivirals.
( Jp Bronowicki ),( M Davis ),( S Flamm ),( S Gordon ),( E Lawitz ),( E Yoshida ),( J Galati ),( V Luketic ),( J Mccone ),( Jacobson ),( P Marcellin ),( A Muir ),( F Poordad ),( Ld Pedicone ),( W Deng 대한간학회 2012 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2012 No.1
Background: Patients in the PR control arms of BOC Phase 2/3 studies who did not achieve SVR could enroll in PROVIDE and receive BOC+PR. This interim analysis examines the preliminary efficacy and safety of BOC+PR in patients who failed prior treatment with PR. Methods: BOC (800 mg TID with food) was given with P 1.5 mcg/kg/week and weight-based R (600-1400 mg/day) BID for up to 44 weeks. If >2 weeks had elapsed since end of treatment in the previous study, PR was given for 4 weeks before adding BOC. Protocol specified analyses include patients who received at least one dose of BOC. Denominators for on-treatment response include patients who reached the specific time point or discontinued. The denominators for SVR include all patients who reached end of follow-up, discontinued, or were treatment failures. Results: Characteristics of 168 enrolled patients were: 67% male, 84% Caucasian, mean age 52 years, mean BMI 27.9 kg/m2, 77% high viral load (>800,000 IU/mL; mean log10 6.26); 10% cirrhotic; 61% subtype 1a. Table shows the proportion of BOC treated patients with undetectable HCV RNA at tested time points. SVR was achieved in 40% of prior null responders (<2 log10 decline in HCV RNA at TW12 in prior study) and 68% of prior partial responders/relapsers; 78% (38/49) of prior null responders and 24% (26/107) of prior partial responders/ relapsers had <1 log10 decline in HCV RNA after the PR lead in. Overall SVR was 47% in patients with <1 log10 decline with lower SVR rates in prior null responders (36%) vs. prior partial responders/relapsers (65%). 68% of patients with >1 log decline achieved SVR (55% prior null responders; 70% prior partial responders/relapsers). Seven percent of patients discontinued due to AEs, while 48% experienced anemia, 34% dysgeusia and 22% neutropenia. Conclusions: BOC+PR achieved high SVR rates regardless of prior response to PR. The degree of interferon responsiveness after PR lead in correlates with prior response and can help predict SVR for prior null responders. The safety profile is comparable to that previously reported for BOC+PR.