Time-evolving genetic networks reveal a NAC troika that negatively regulates leaf senescence in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Kim, Hyo Jung,Park, Ji-Hwan,Kim, Jingil,Kim, Jung Ju,Hong, Sunghyun,Kim, Jeongsik,Kim, Jin Hee,Woo, Hye Ryun,Hyeon, Changbong,Lim, Pyung Ok,Nam, Hong Gil,Hwang, Daehee National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.21

<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Leaf senescence is regulated in a complex manner, involving time-dependent interactions with developmental and environmental signals. Genetic screens have identified key regulators of senescence, particularly late-stage senescence regulators. Recently, time-course gene-expression and network analyses, mostly analyses of static networks, have predicted many senescence regulators. However, senescence is defined by time-evolving networks, involving the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks of NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors, central regulators of leaf senescence in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, via time-course gene-expression analysis of NACs in their mutants. These time-evolving networks revealed a unique regulatory module of NACs that controls the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at a presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Senescence is controlled by time-evolving networks that describe the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks for NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors in <I>Arabidopsis</I> during leaf aging. The most evident characteristic of these time-dependent networks was a shift from positive to negative regulation among NACs at a presenescent stage. ANAC017, ANAC082, and ANAC090, referred to as a “NAC troika,” govern the positive-to-negative regulatory shift. Knockout of the NAC troika accelerated senescence and the induction of other <I>NAC</I>s, whereas overexpression of the NAC troika had the opposite effects. Transcriptome and molecular analyses revealed shared suppression of senescence-promoting processes by the NAC troika, including salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, but with predominant regulation of SA and ROS responses by ANAC090 and ANAC017, respectively. Our time-evolving networks provide a unique regulatory module of presenescent repressors that direct the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at the presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼2>

창던지기 경기의 투사구간에 대한 운동학적 분석

홍상래,남청웅,정남주 호남대학교산업기술연구소 2008 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-

창던지기 기술 구조에 대한 이해를 돕고 선수들의 훈련 및 지도에 도움을 주고자 제 88회 전국체육대회에 참가한 남자 일반부 선수의 경기장면을 직접 촬영하여 이중 l위부터 6위까지의 투사동작을 선별하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다.1. 릴리즈 시 투사요인의 투사높이는 평균 85.6±3.9%, 투사각도는 평균 37.23±4.89deg.를 투사속도는 평균 24.03±2.55 m/s를 보였다. 2. 투사구간의 예비단계와 투사단계에서 예비단계의 소요시간이 투사 단계의 소요시간보다 길게 나타났다. 3. 분절각도에서는 우수한 선수일수록 주관절각, 견관절각, 슬관절각은 크고 전 경각은 작게 나타났다. 4. 투사순간의 몸통회전각도는 우수한 선수일수록 큰 것으로 나타났다. 몸통회전각이 큼에 따라 힘을 전달할 가속구간이 커지게 되어 이동 거리를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to investigate the technical structure of the javelin throwing and to improve the training and coaching. The subjects of this study were six male javelin throwers participated in the 81th national sports corroetition. The actual javelin event was taken by video camera The analyzing factors were throwing angle, throwing velocity, throwing height, time, moving displacement of CCG, segmental velocity and angle, rotating angle of the trunk. The conclusions were as follows. 1. It was showned that throng height was 85.6±3.9 and javelin was released to adequative degree, Among the athletes, M3 who had the best record was released the javelin with the fast velocity, but throw the javelin with the less releasing degree. 2. the longer distance the athletes record, the shorter time they had the shorter time the athletes throw javelin, the longer distance they throw javelin. 3. It was showned that athletes who had the best record was large in angle of the elbow joint, shoulder joint, and knee joint and small in leaning angle. 4. The best athletes showned the large rotation of the trunk in throwing the javelin and because accelerating phase was large. moving distance was increased as to increasing the rotation of the trunk.

Cu₂Se 박막 태양전지에 관한 연구

홍남관,정기주 公州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 自然科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

진공증착법으로 운모판 위에 Cu₂Se를 증착시켰다. Cu₂Se박막은 낮은 비저항을 갖는 p-형 반도체로 -225℃에서 초전도성을 보였다. -210 ~ 80℃ 사이에서 이동도와 Hall계수는 각각 ?? Ωm³/Wb이었다. Cu₂Se 박막을 태양전지의 window 물질로 사용하기 위하여 ZnS(n-형)위에 Cu₂Se를 증착시켰다. 본 실험에서 제작된 접합의 전기적, 광전 특성은 주로 window 물질에 의해 결정되었으며, 최대 변환 계수는 9.5%이었다. Cu₂Se thin films were deposited on micaplate substrate by vacuum evaporating methode. The films showed a low resistivity p-type conduction and superconductivity at -225℃. Hole mobility and Hall coefficient measurements performed on films prepared on substrates at -210 ~ 80℃ gave values of ?? and ?? Ωm³/Wb respectively. In order to employ the Cu₂Se films as a window material in solar cells, the film was deposited on ZnS(n-type). The electric and photovoltaic properties of the junction were mainly determined by the corresponding properties of the window material. A maximum conversion efficiency of 9.5% was obtained.

호박(Cucurbita pepo L.) 종자의 자엽조직을 이용한 체세포배형성

홍남주,박현용 조선대학교 부설생명과학 연구소 1999 생명과학 연구 Vol.7 No.-

호박종자의 자엽절편체를 20μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D)가 첨가된 Murashige와 Skoog(MS) 배지에 치상한 후, 24시간 낮은 광조건(3000Lux)에서 배양하여 callus와 체세포배형성을 유도하였다. 2,4-D가 첨가된 MS배지에서 유도된 캘러스를 동일 배지에 계대배양하는 동안 치밀하게 생장하는 embryogenic callus는 계대배양 횟수의 증가와 함께 더 높은 빈도로 출현하였다. 이러한 callus로부터 somatic embryos의 생성은 3차 계대배양 후, 생장조절제가 첨가되지 않은 MS 배지에 2주 배양 후에 embryo의 형성이 관찰되었으며, 계속되는 배양에서 embryo 형성이 증가되었다. Somatic embryogensis was induced from seed cotyledons of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Seed cotyledonary explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 20μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxey acetic acid(2,4-D) by incubating at 25 ± 2℃ under 24 hrs photoperiod (3000 Lux) for 4 weeks. The explants were transferred (subcultured) to same medium and to growth regulator-free MS medium for 4 weeks. Three times subculture on the same medium containing 20μM 2,4-D was required for somatic embryogenesis. Somatic embryos was only observed on growth regulator-free MS medium after 2 week cultures in the 4th subculture.

중년기여성의 위기감과 대처에 관한 연구

홍 달아기,이남주 원광대학교 생활자원개발연구소 2005 생활자원개발연구 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study is to find out crisis and ways to overcome the crisis of mid-aged women. Also another purpose is to improve qualities of life and to provide basic data to develop the potentials of mid-aged women. The results are as follows. First, it shows that socio-demographic characteristics having a significant influence on crisis. That variables are religion, jobs, family-life cycle, income, marriage duration, age, and supporting parents. Second, variables having a significant influence on coping with crisis are age, income, religion, marriage patterns, region, marriage duration, family-life cycle, and supporting parents. Third, as a result of research, negative expression of action or emotion was getting higher according to increase the age. And the general tendency was showed lower emotional crisis level when the rational coping behaviors was high. Therefore, self-esteem or social activity improvement programs should be developed for mid-aged women.

Electropulsing Treatment on Enhancement of Electrical Conductivity of Screen-Printed Ag Wire

Ju‑Won Park,Howook Choi,Hwangsun Kim,Simoon Sung,Hye‑Jin Jeong,Il Kim,Jaeseok Gong,Sung‑Tae Hong,Heung Nam Han 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The effect of high electric current density on the sintering of Ag wires manufactured by screen printing is evaluated throughelectrical resistivity analysis and microstructure observation. Different forms (continuous and pulsed) of electric currentwith different current densities are applied to the specimens. Conventional heat treatment is also performed as a controlgroup to examine the athermal effect of electropulsing treatment. Compared to the conventional heat treatment, the resistivityis reduced more under the electropulsing treatment with continuous current for the same temperature and treatment time.Also, the process time of electropulsing treatment can be reduced by applying a pulse form of high density current insteadof continuous current without losing the benefit of enhanced reduction of resistivity. The microstructural observationsobtained from high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope and a digital precession instrumentclearly show that necking connecting the crystals is formed more firmly under electric current. In addition, the temperaturechange of Ag wire and substrate is calculated according to the change of the resistivity when the electric current is appliedto confirm the reliability.

페놀베타인 유도체합성(XI)

우성주,박예진,황순호,홍유화,김남재,김인종,김신규 慶熙大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

Tetrahydroberberine-13-one was treated with ethylchloroformate to give the C_8-N bond cleaved product 1. On the treatment with Lawesson's reagent (LAS), chloroketone 2 derived from the hydrolysis of 1 afforded the thioketone 3. On the other hand, spirotype-chloroketone 4 was transformed to diaziridine 8 by a reduction, chlorination and aziridine introduction. Also, spirotype-chlorothioketone 6 was obtained from chloroketone 4.

조혈모세포이식환자에서 조혈기능의 회복과 관련된 인자들에 관한 연구

정기주,강명수,권기두,김경하,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,이규택,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 순천향대학교 의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.1

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VDT작업별 정신사회적 스트레스와 근골격계 장애에 관한 연구

백남종,강종두,주영수,배인근,권호장,박종만,조수헌,김돈규,김재용,최홍렬 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

It has been hypothesized that jobs that have both high psychological demands and low decision latitude("job strain") can lead to musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to test whether job strain was correlated with the presence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder, especially myofascial pain syndrome(MPS). Information on demographic factors, confounders such as household load and taking care of children or not, and scores for decision latitude, job demand, and social support was obtained by self-administered questionnaire, which had been developed in Korean language, by adopting NIOSH instrument and Extended Karasek Model(16 items). All subjects were also examined by rehabilitation medicine specialists for musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects(n=370) could be categorized into 4 groups, these were, housewives(n=89), shipyard CAD workers(n=89), general female workers(n=79; nurses, insurance counselors, public officials, clerks, etc), and telephone directory assistance operators(n=113). Results from univariate analyses indicated that all demographic factors, all confounders, scores for decision latitude and social support were not associated with the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. However, score for job demand was higher in musculoskeletal disorder cases than others. In subgroup analysis, this association was convinced again, in telephone directory assistance operators. Job strain model showed that the group of telephone directory assistance operators was high-stain group, and OR of musculo skeletal disorder was 2.446(95% C. I. : 1.174, 5.096), when comparing this with the low strain group. In conclusion, job strain is a risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorder.

호흡기감염증에 대한 Cefuroxime Axetil(Zinnat�)의 임상효과

김주옥,홍석철,김남재,서지원,김선영,노흥규 中央醫學社 1991 中央醫學 Vol.56 No.2

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zinnat in patients with respiratory tract infections, 20 patients were treated with Zinnat (250 mg b.i.d). Among 20 cases, 5 cases had pneumonia, 5 cases exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, 4 cases acute bronchitis, 3 cases bronchiectasis with infection, and acute tonsilitis, bronchial asthma with infection and emphysema with infection 1 case, respectively. The response was cure in 12 cases, partial response in 6 cases and no response in 2 cases. There were no significant clinical and laboratory side effects except dyspepsia and nausea (1 case) and diarrhea (1 case). Zinnat was considered to be useful agent against bacterial respiratory tract infections.