흰쥐의 신경병증성 통증에 대한경피신경전기자극과 미세전류신경근자극

이윤주,이충휘,조상현,임중우,남택상 大韓再活醫學會 1999 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.23 No.3

남자 비만 어린이 보행주기의 생체역학적 분석

정남주,윤희중 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.10 No.2

최근 우리나라의 비만 어린이의 수가 증가한 것으로 보고되고 있으나 비만 어린이의 증가와 더불어 이에 수반되어지는 사회적 관심은 그렇게 높지 않은 것 같다. 비만아동의 일반적인 보행형태에 대한 역학적인 정보는 극히 제한적이며 이에 관련된 과학적 정보 역시 상당히 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 성장기에 있는 비만 어린이의 보행형태에 대한 역학적 특징을 살펴보기 위하여 실시하였다. 이를 위해 규칙적인 운동프로그램에 참여하고 있으며, 또한 생리적으로 비만 판정을 받은 어린이 7명을 선별하였다. 2대의 비디오 카메라를 이용하여 각 대상자별 보행동작을 촬영하였으며 DLT(direct linear transformation) 방법을 활용하여 3차원 좌표 및 위치 정보를 산출하였다. 그리고 힘 측정판(force plate)을 이용하여 지지시 지면반력을 측정하였다. 분석결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 활보장에 대한 하지장의 비는 일반인에 비해 다소 작은 값을 보였으며, 활보시간동안 지지기의 시간은 짧아진 반면 스윙시간은 길어진 것으로 나타났다. 보행 시 인체중심의 좌우변위가 선행연구에 비해 큰값을 보이고 있었다. 대퇴분절각도는 선행연구결과와 비슷한 결과를 보이고 있었으나 무릎관절과 발목관절각도는 획일화된 움직임을 보여 안전한 지지를 하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 수직지면반력(Fz)은 제1피크(Fz1)가 제2피크(Fz3)에 비해 더 큰 결과를 보여 선행연구와 비슷한 결과를 보이고 있었다. 그러나, 전후지면반력(Fy)은 추진력(Fy2)이 제동력(Fy1)에 비해 더 큰 값을 보이고 있어 일반 성인과는 정반대의 결과를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. The main objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the gait patterns of the obese children. According to surveys, the number of the obese children has increased in recent years, Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to this problem. Approaches through mechanical analysis on this particular problem are extremely limited and scientific information is hardly sufficient. To conduct an investigation, seven children were selected, who are deemed obese by any standards. These children are the participants of the exercise program that was designed to reduce weight. The physical activities of these children are video-taped by two video cameras. Using the DLT(direct linear transformation) method three dimensional coordinate and position data were calculated. Ground reaction forces are measured by AMTI force plate, The results are as follows. Lower extremity length in the stride of the obese children turned out to be less than that of adults. At the same time, the length of stance time was shortened while swing times was lengthened during the stride. Furthermore, it was discovered that the right-left movement of the center of mass was greater than the one indicated by the previous studies. It was also observed that the angle of the knee and ankle joints of the obese children appeared to be relatively restricted compared with those of adults. During the stance, the first peak(Fz1) is greater than the second peak(Fz3) in vertical force. But, propelling force(Fy2) is greater than breaking force(Fy1) in anterior-posterior force. It is show that the gait pattern of the obese children is not similar to that the normal adult. To conclude, the gait patterns of the obese children is unnatural.

체형에 따른 골프 스윙 동작 비교

정남주,윤희중,백영수 한국운동역학회 2002 한국운동역학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 골프스윙 시 체형별로 나타나는 운동학적 요인을 분석하여 비교함으로써 체형별 골프지도를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 이를 위해 현재 남자 프로골프선수 9명을 대상으로 각자의 체중과 신장 그리고 상완둘레등을 고려하여 외배엽, 내배엽, 중배엽으로 체형을 나누었다. 각자의 골프스윙동작을 비디오 카메라로 촬영하여 스윙동작을 8개의 구간으로 나누어 분석하였으며 다음과 같이 결론에 도달하였다. 골프스윙 소요시간은 내배엽형이 가장 길었으며 다음으로 중배엽형, 마지막으로 외배엽형이 가장 짧은 스윙시간을 보이고 있었다. 좌우이동변위가 가장 크게 나타나는 체형은 중배엽형이었으며, 다음으로는 내배엽형, 그리고 외배엽형이 가장 작게 움직이는 것으로 나타났다. 내배엽형은 임팩트 시 상하변위가 상승쪽으로 향하고 있었으며 내배엽형과 중배엽형은 임팩트 시 거의 일정한 높이를 유지하여 안정감을 높이는 것으로 나타났다. 상체회전각도와 골반회전각도는 임팩트 시 외배엽형의 상체와 골반이 미리 돌아가는 형태를 취하고 있어 내배엽과 중배엽형에 비해 다소 다른 특징을 보이고 있었다. 이러한 스윙에 대한 체형별 운동학적 특징을 이론을 제시함에 있어 보다 근본적인 힘의 이동을 알아야 할 필요가 있다. 따라서, 차후 연구에서는 지면반력을 이용하여 압력중심점(COP)의 분석이 함께 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was intended to provide basic materials for golf coaching by somatotype by analyzing and comparing the kinematic factors found in each somatotype at the time of golf swing. For this purpose, the somatotype was divided into endomorph, mesomorph and ectomorph in reference to the weight, height and upper arm circumference of each of nine professional golfers. Each of their swing motions was videotaped with the camcorder and their swing motion was analyzed by dividing it into 8 sections. The time required for the swing motion, the displacement of the center of the human body and the rotation angle of the upper body were calculated through the three-dimensional image analysis based on the DLT(Direct Linear Transformation). Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusion was drawn: The endomorphic golfers showed the longest required golf swing time, followed by the mesomorphic golfer and then the endomorphic golfer. The displacement of left-to-right movement was largest in the mesomorphic golfers, followed by the endomorphic golfers the up-to-down displacement was upward at the time of impact and that the endomorphic and mesomorphic golfers raised the sense of stability by maintaining an almost uniform height at the time of impact. As for the rotational angle of the upper body and the rotational angle of the thigh, the upper body and the thigh took a form of rotating earlier in the ectomorphic golfers at the time of impact, who showed a somewhat different characteristics compared to the endomorphic and mesomorphic golfers. It is necessary to investigate the movement of more fundamental forces in presenting the theory related to the kinematic characteristics of this swing by somatotype. Accordingly, it is thought that it is necessary to analyze the center of pressure(COP) using the ground counterforce in the future study.

마루운동의 힘 물구나무서기 동작에 대한 운동학적 분석

정남주 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.20 No.1

This study was to analysis of the Press Handstand on the floor exercise and to suggest a better coaching method by knowing the mechanical variables. To the purpose, four subjects were participated in this experiment. Data was collected by Pseudo 3D. The mechanical variables of the body and joint were calculated through the temporal synchronization of the film data. As a result, the following findings were obtained: 1. In the Press Handstand motion on the floor exercise, the execution time of the Phase(start position~hip joint max flexion) was shorter than that Phase 2(hip joint max flexion~finish). The ratio was 27% vs 73%. 2. It was found that the joint angle pattern of the wrist was decreased in the Phasel and increased in the Phase2, and the joint angle pattern of the shoulder was continuously increased in the whole Phase, and the joint angle pattern of the hip was decreased in the Phasel and increased in the Phase2. The degree of the joint angles was increased in later Phase of the Press Handstand motion but the velocity of the joint angular was closed to the zero. 3. It was found that the center of gravity(CM) is continuously elevated and remained very close to the vertical line in the Press Handstand motion. And the trajectory pattern of CM was a letter 'S'.

링의 스왈로에서 나까야마 기술로의 연결 동작에 대한 운동학적 분석

정남주 한국운동역학회 2004 한국운동역학회지 Vol.14 No.2

N. J. CHUNG. Kinematic Analysis of the Linking Motion from the Swallow Skill to the Nakayama Skill on the Rings. Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 1-14, 2004. This study was intended to contribute to allowing athletes to raise a technical understanding of two motions of high difficulty such as the Swallow motion and the Nakayama motion and enhance their competitive power by analysing the kinematical factors required to link those two motions on the competitive scene on the rings for current national athletes. For this purpose, the game of the ring event was videotaped for male heavy gymnasts participating in the final elimination match of the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. This study attempted to select the performing motion of the final 1st-and 2nd-place athletes performing the linking motions from the Swallow motion and the Nakayama motion using the DLT(direct linear transformation) method. As a result, it arrived at the following conclusion : Al properly performed the flexing and extending movements using the angular velocity of the segment and joint as the switching motion using the body at the time of linking the motion from the Swallow skill to the Nakayama skill. A2 was evaluated to perform the skill taking the form of depending on the force at the static state. Therefore, it is thought that Al should take care of shaking at the time of using the elasticity of the body. It is thought that in case of A2 the proper use of the elasticity of the body take care of shaking at the switching motion while taking advantage of the force will contribute to his competitive power.

보행 지지기 시 후족각과 지면반력유형 분석

정남주,백영수 한국운동역학회 2001 한국운동역학회지 Vol.11 No.3

The purpose of this study were to compare obeses and normal children during the stance. To conduct an investigation, eight children(Group 1- obese) were selected, who are deemed by 30~38% fat. And seven children(Group 2- normal) were selected, who are deemed by 15~20% fat. Each subject was walked in gait path, at the same time, a rearfoot motion and ground reaction force were measure using video camera and force plate(AMTI). After analyzing the rearfoot angle and groud reaction force, the results are as follows. 1. Rearfoot angle It is appear that rearfoot angle of the running and gait motion are different. Maximum rearfoot angle during the stance of the obese children turned out to be less tha that of the normal. 2. Vertical and Anterior-posterior Force. The first peak(Fz1), was greater than the second peak(Fz3) in the obese childern. But, The second peak(Fz3) was greater than the first peak(Fzl) in the normal children. Breaking force(Fyl)was similat to the propelling force(Fy2) in the obese children, but propelling force was greater than breaking force in the normal children.

다발성 골수종에서 저용량 thalidomide, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone (TCD) 요법의 효과

류충헌,정재현,고정해,장제혁,박영진,최규남,박봉수,이상민,주영돈 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

Background and Objectives : The immunomodulatory drug thalidomide can inhibit angiogenesis and induce apoptosis in experimental models. It can also induce marked and durable response in newly diagnosed myeloma patients. Thalidomide has been used at doses ranging from 200 to 800 mg with significant toxicity. No data are available on the impact of low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone as initial therapy for myeloma patients. Design and Methods : To address this issue, newly diagnosed myeloma patients were treated with 50 mg/day thalidomide continuously and cyclophosphamide 150 mg/m², days 1-4 and dexamethasone 20 mg/m², days 1-5 and day 15-19, every month. Between October 2005 and October 2006, 14 patients (median age 54.5 years) were treated with low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. Results : After a minimum of two cycles of treatment, 5 patients (55.5%) showed a partial remission. After four cycles of treatment, 10 patients (83.3%) showed a partial remission (n=6) and complete remission (n=4). After a median follow-up of 15.4 months, 1 year overall survival rate was 82.0%. Thalidomide was well tolerated without serious toxic effects. Conclusions : The combination of low-dose thalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone demonstrates favorable response rate and 1 year overall survival rate in newly diagnosed myeloma. Severe toxicities were not seen with this combination.

성견 대퇴골에 매식된 Titanium Plasma Spray 및 Hydroxyapoatite 피복임프란트 주위의 골치유 양상

허남기,정현주 전남대학교 치과대학 1995 전남치대논문집 Vol.7 No.1

The effect of the hydroxyapatite coatings on Titanium implants has been the subject of recent investigations. So far, the use of HA coating remains substantially controversial. This study was aimed to evaluate histologically the bone healing patterns around titanium plasm sprayed(TPS) and HA-coated implant after implantation into the femur neck of ten adult dogs. After implantation, animals were sacrificed at the intervals of 2,4,6,8 and 12 weeks. The fluorescent dyes were injected on the postoperative 4th and 12th week into the animals supposed to be sacrificed at the 12th week. The morphology and direction of new bone formation was similar in both TPS and HA-coated implants. There was a tendency toward more bone formation in the cortical bone area than in the cancellous bone area. Histologically, in the interface of the HA-coated implants, bone response and bone maturation was faster, compared to the TPS implants in the 2nd and 4th week. By fluorescent microscopy, new bone formation was active in the 4th week around both implants and was directed from the periosteum overlying cortical bone to the cancellous bone. These results suggest that the bone formation and maturation is faster during the early healing stage in the interface of the HA-coated implant and where the cortical bone quality is poor, HA coated implant is superior to the TPS implant in the early phase of new bone formation.

Electrostatic Force Microscopy Plasmid DNA의 전기적 특성 관찰

이남주,손정민,진상협,전동렬,강치중 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학논문집 Vol.23 No.-

p53HIS plasmid DNA를 운모 기판에 착상시켜 기판과 DNA 사이의 전기적인 특성을 electrostatic force microscope(EFM)와 atomic force microscope(AFM)을 이용하여 관찰하였다. DNA를 운모 기판 위에 착상시키기 위해 표면을 NiCl_(2) 용액으로 염 이온 처리했다. 염 이온의 농도에 따라 DNA와 기판과의 상호 작용에 의해 착상량과 DNA 단차 및 EFM 신호(DNA 외관상 단차)에 차이가 있었다. 즉, 염 농도가 높을수록 운모 기판에 고정되어 있는 DNA양이 많아졌고 기판과의 강한 상호 작용에 의해 DNA의 높이가 낮아지는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 반면 EFM신호는 탐침과 기판간의 척력 증가에 의해 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 DNA의 한 부분에 전기적인 스트레스를 주었을 때의 특성을 EFM을 이용하여 분석하였다. We observe electrical characteristics between the plasmid DNA and mica by electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). Firstly, we treated the mica by NiCl_(2) solution for depositing DNA. We monitored density of DNA molecules, DNA height and EFM signal from DNA-substrate interaction as Ni^(2+) concentration. We observe the plasmid DNA's height as Ni^(2+)concentration using AFM. On the other hand, EFM signal increase by increased repulsion between probe and substrate. After introducing voltage stress to a local area of DNA molecule, apparent height difference of DNA molecules was measured due to the charge injection or removal. Similar experiments were done with different bias polarities and sequential stress steps.

주사 탐침 현미경을 이용하여 표면 처리한 기판 위의 DNA 관찰

이남주,손정민,진상협,전동렬,강치중 명지대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학논문집 Vol.23 No.-

대장균에서 추출한 plasmid DNA를 운모 기판에 착상시켜 주사 탐침 현미경으로 관찰하였다. plasmid DNA를 운모 기판에 착상시키기 위하여 운모 기판을 염 이온으로 0.01~10mM까지 농도를 변화시켜 표면 처리하였다. 운모 기판 위 염 이온의 농도 차이를 X-선 광전 분광기(XPS)로 표면을 분석하였다. 기판 처리에 사용한 염 이온의 농도에 영향을 받아 착상된 DNA의 밀도 및 모양이 변화하였다. 운모 기판 처리 농도에 따른 AFM 영상 차이와 XPS로 분석한 기판 위의 염 이온의 상태를 제시하고, 이들 사이의 상관관계에 대하여 논의하였다. The plasmid DNA on mica is observed using scanning probe microscopy. The mica surface is treated by 0.01~10mM NiCl_(2) for depositing the plasmid DNA. Concentration difference of NiCl_(2) on mica is analyzed a treated mica surface using XPS. The plasmid DNA on the treated mica has a difference of density and conformation in proportion as Ni^(2+) concentration. We present AFM topology difference and Ni^(2+) states on mica by XPS, discuss interaction between AFM topology difference and Ni^(2+) states on mica