Evaluation of the zoonotic potential of a novel reassortant H1N2 swine influenza virus with gene constellation derived from multiple viral sources

Lee, J.H.,Pascua, P.N.Q.,Decano, A.G.,Kim, S.M.,Park, S.J.,Kwon, H.I.,Kim, E.H.,Kim, Y.I.,Kim, H.,Kim, S.Y.,Song, M.S.,Jang, H.K.,Park, B.K.,Choi, Y.K. Elsevier Science 2015 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.34 No.-

In 2011-2012, contemporary North American-like H3N2 swine influenza viruses (SIVs) possessing the 2009 pandemic H1N1 matrix gene (H3N2pM-like virus) were detected in domestic pigs of South Korea where H1N2 SIV strains are endemic. More recently, we isolated novel reassortant H1N2 SIVs bearing the Eurasian avian-like swine H1-like hemagglutinin and Korean swine H1N2-like neuraminidase in the internal gene backbone of the H3N2pM-like virus. In the present study, we clearly provide evidence on the genetic origins of the novel H1N2 SIVs virus through genetic and phylogenetic analyses. In vitro studies demonstrated that, in comparison with a pre-existing 2012 Korean H1N2 SIV [A/swine/Korea/CY03-1½012 (CY03-1½012)], the 2013 novel reassortant H1N2 isolate [A/swine/Korea/CY0423/2013 (CY0423-12/2013)] replicated more efficiently in differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cells. The CY0423-12/2013 virus induced higher viral titers than the CY03-1½012 virus in the lungs and nasal turbinates of infected mice and nasal wash samples of ferrets. Moreover, the 2013 H1N2 reassortant, but not the intact 2012 H1N2 virus, was transmissible to naive contact ferrets via respiratory-droplets. Noting that the viral precursors have the ability to infect humans, our findings highlight the potential threat of a novel reassortant H1N2 SIV to public health and underscore the need to further strengthen influenza surveillance strategies worldwide, including swine populations.

Neural stem cells injured by oxidative stress can be rejuvenated by GV1001, a novel peptide, through scavenging free radicals and enhancing survival signals

Park, H.H.,Yu, H.J.,Kim, S.,Kim, G.,Choi, N.Y.,Lee, E.H.,Lee, Y.J.,Yoon, M.Y.,Lee, K.Y.,Koh, S.H. Elsevier BV 2016 NeuroToxicology Vol.55 No.-

<P>Oxidative stress is a well-known pathogenic mechanism of a diverse array of neurological diseases, and thus, numerous studies have attempted to identify antioxidants that prevent neuronal cell death. GV1001 is a 16-amino-acid peptide derived from human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Considering that hTERT has a strong antioxidant effect, whether GV1001 also has an antioxidant effect is a question of interest. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of GV1001 against oxidative stress in neural stem cells (NSCs). Primary culture NSCs were treated with different concentrations of GV1001 and/or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for various time durations. The H2O2 decreased the viability of the NSCs in a concentration-dependent manner, with 200 mu M H2O2 significantly decreasing both proliferation and migration. However, treatment with GV1001 rescued the viability, proliferation and migration of H2O2 injured NSCs. Consistently, free radical levels were increased in rat NSCs treated with H2O2, while co-treatment with GV1001 significantly reduced these levels, especially the intracellular levels. In addition, GV1001 restored the expression of survival-related proteins and reduced the expression of death associated ones in NSCs treated with H2O2. In conclusion, GV1001 has antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in NSCs following treatment with H2O2, which appear to be mediated by scavenging free radicals, increasing survival signals and decreasing death signals. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

쥐의 근육 및 간장 콜레스테롤 수준에 미치는 사료 중 n-3 / n-6 지방산 , PUFA / SFA 및 MUFA / SFA 비율의 반응표면 분석

박병성(B . S . Park),고병대(B . D . Ko),이영철(Y . C . Rhee),황보종(J . Howang - Bo),성기승(K . S . Seong),이남형(N . H . Lee) 한국영양사료학회 1995 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.19 No.5

Prevalence, risk, and benefits of radiofrequency catheter ablation at the aortic cusp for the treatment of mid to anteroseptal supra-ventricular tachyarrhythmias

Park, J.,Wi, J.,Joung, B.,Lee, M.H.,Kim, Y.H.,Hwang, C.,Pak, H.N. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2013 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.167 No.3

Background: Some outflow tract ventricular tachycardias (VTs) are known to be successfully ablated from the aortic cusp (AC). However, radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) at the AC for the treatment of supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT) has limited experience. Methods: We performed RFCA at the AC in 19 patients (male 64.7%, 46.9+/-21.9years old) with mid- to anteroseptal SVTs (12 atrial tachycardias [AT], 7 atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia [AVRT]), and analyzed the prevalence, electrophysiologic findings, clinical outcome, and compilation risk. Results: 1. Among 113 patients with AT, 13 patients had mid- to anteroseptal AT and 12 patients (8.8%, 53.4+/-19.8years old, 58.3% female) underwent successful ablation from the non-coronary cusp (NCC; n=10), right CC (RCC; n=1) or left CC (LCC; n=1) without complication (3.1+/-2.3 times RF delivery, 6.15+/-3.08s for termination). During 19.7+/-9.8months of follow-up, AT recurred in a patient with multiple foci. 2. Among 580 patients with AVRT, 27 patients had a mid- to anteroseptal bypass tract (4.7%), and 7 of them (1.1%, 2 pre-excitation syndrome, 5 concealed bypass tract) were successfully ablated at the NCC (n=2) or RCC (n=5) (7.0+/-7.1 times RF delivery, 9.1+/-4.4s for termination). Among 5 patients with AVRT successfully ablated at the RCC, one patient developed complete heart block 48h after procedure, and 2 patients recurred AVRT or delta-wave in ECG during 13.9+/-11.7month follow-up. Conclusion: Catheter ablation within the AC is an effective procedure to eliminate mid- to anteroseptal SVTs. However, RFCA on RCC requires a caution for heart block in our limited experience.

Direct analysis of site-specific N-glycopeptides of serological proteins in dried blood spot samples

Choi, N. Y.,Hwang, H.,Ji, E. S.,Park, G. W.,Lee, J. Y.,Lee, H. K.,Kim, J. Y.,Yoo, J. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Vol.409 No.21

<P>Dried blood spot (DBS) samples have a number of advantages, especially with respect to ease of collection, transportation, and storage and to reduce biohazard risk. N-glycosylation is a major post-translational modification of proteins in human blood that is related to a variety of biological functions, including metastasis, cell-cell interactions, inflammation, and immunization. Here, we directly analyzed tryptic N-glycopeptides from glycoproteins in DBS samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) without centrifugation of blood samples, depletion of major proteins, desalting of tryptic peptides, and enrichment of N-glycopeptides. Using this simple method, we identified a total of 41 site-specific N-glycopeptides from 16 glycoproteins in the DBS samples, from immunoglobulin gamma 1 (IgG-1, 10 mg/mL) down to complement component C7 (50 mu g/mL). Of these, 32 N-glycopeptides from 14 glycoproteins were consistently quantified over 180 days stored at room temperature. The major abundant glycoproteins in the DBS samples were IgG-1 and IgG-2, which contain nine asialo-fucosylated complex types of 16 different N-glycopeptide isoforms. Sialo-non-fucosylated complex types were primarily detected in the other glycoproteins such as alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, 2, alpha-1-antitypsin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin, hemopexin, Ig alpha 1, 2 chain C region, kininogen-1, prothrombin, and serotransferrin. We first report the characterization of site-specific N-glycoproteins in DBS samples by LC-MS/MS with minimal sample preparation.</P>

12주간의 β-alanine 보충과 운동 훈련이 근육 내 Carnosine 농도와 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

손희정 ( H. J. Son ),하영일 ( Y. I. Ha ),박노환 ( N. H. Park ),육현철 ( H. C. Youk ),김효정 ( H. J. Kim ),김창근 ( C. K. Kim ) 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2010 운동과학 Vol.19 No.3

Carnosine(beta-alanyl-L-histidine)은 베타알라닌과 히스티딘으로 이루어진 다이펩다이드로서 근육 내에 많이 분포하고 있다. Carnosine은 체액의 산성화가 일어날 때 수소이온을 효과적으로 완충시키는 작용을 하며 식이를 통해 근육 내 carnosine 농도를 변화시킬 수 있다. 이 연구는 엘리트 수영선수(22-25세, n=10)를 대상으로 12주간 β-alanine 보충과 수영 훈련이 근육 내 carnosine 농도와 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 집단은 β-alanine 보충 집단(n=5)과 위약 집단(n=5)으로 무선배정하였다. 12주간 β-alanine보충집단은 β-alanine을 3.2g/d씩 섭취하였으며 수영 훈련은 주당 6회, 1일 7km의 복합트레이닝을 실시하였다. 근육 내 carnosine 농도는 대퇴 외측광근의 근생검 샘플을 HPLC로 분석하였다. 12주간의 β-alanine 섭취와 수영훈련에 의해 보충 집단의 근육 내 carnosine 농도는 11% 증가한 반면(p<.05), 위약집단에서는 유의한 변화가 나타내지 않았다. 한편, β-alanine 보충집단의 반복적인 수영 시행(100m×7회 자유형, 매 시행직후, 안정시, 회복기 3, 6, 9분)에서 운동수행능력의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 위약집단과 비교할 때 β-alanine 보충집단의 수영 기록이 유의한 향상(p<.05)을 나타내었으며 심박수 변화에서도 집단 간 유의한 차이(p<.05)를 발견할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 운동 훈련 시 β-alanine 보충은 세포내 carnosine 합성을 증가시킬 수 있으며 이러한 근육 내 carnorsine 농도 증가는 고강도 운동 시 운동수행능력에 긍정적인 영향을 미침으로써 운동선수를 위한 영양보조물로서의 가능성을 시사하고 있다. Carnosine(Carn) is a dipeptide of β-alanine and histidine and occurs in high concentrations in skeletal muscle. Carn is highly effective on buffering H+ over the physiological pH range and probably the only such active compound of which concentration can be changed by diet. This study was performed to investigate the effect of 12 wk β-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine and lactate concentration, heart rate, and speed during the repeated high intensive swimming trials. Ten young elite swimmers(22-25yrs) participated in this study. They were divided into β-alanine group (n=5, 3.2g/d of β-alanine) and placebo group(n=5) and performed combined exercise training for 12 weeks. Subjects performed 7 repetitions of 100m freestyle swimming with blood samplings before, after, and during the recovery. Percutaneous muscle biopsies were obtained before and after the supplementation. Carnosine concentration was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). From the result of this study, we found Carnosine content(11%, p<.05), heart rate(p<.05), and the speed of 7 repetitions 100m freestyle swimming(p<.05) were positively changed with the supplementation. These findings suggest that the increased carnosine concentration with β-alanine supplementation is likely contribute to exercise performance and a possibility that β-alanine may be used as an useful ergogenic aid for athletes.

Association of thromboxane A2 receptor (<i>TBXA2R</i>) gene polymorphism in patients with aspirin‐intolerant acute urticaria

Palikhe, N. S.,Kim, S.‐,H.,Lee, H.‐,Y.,Kim, J.‐,H.,Ye, Y.‐,M.,Park, H.‐,S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Clinical and experimental allergy Vol.41 No.2

<P>Cite this as: N. S. Palikhe, S.‐H. Kim,H.‐Y. Lee, J.‐H. Kim, Y.‐M. Ye and H.‐S. Park, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2011 (41) 179–185.</P><P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Background </B> The thromboxane A2 receptor (<I>TBXA2R</I>) is a potent broncho‐ and vaso‐constrictor and is associated with leukotriene synthesis. Polymorphisms in the <I>TBXA2R</I> gene have been linked to atopy, asthma, and atopic dermatitis. This study evaluated the association between genetic <I>TBXA2R</I> variants and the development of acetyl salicylic acid (ASA)‐intolerant acute urticaria (AIAU).</P><P><B>Methods </B> AIAU patients (<I>n</I>=167), ASA‐intolerant chronic urticaria (AICU) patients (<I>n</I>=149), and healthy controls (NC) (<I>n</I>=265) were included. All patients were enrolled at Ajou University Hospital in Suwon, Korea. Two <I>TBXA2R</I> polymorphisms (−4684T>C and 795T>C) were genotyped by primer extension using a SNAPshot ddNTP primer extension kit. Luciferase activity was measured using a dual‐luciferase reporter assay kit. An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was performed using a nuclear extract from a human mast cell line (HMC‐1).</P><P><B>Results </B> Genetic association data demonstrated that compared with NC subjects, AIAU patients had a significantly higher frequency of the homozygous TT genotype of <I>TBXA2R</I>−4684T>C (<I>P=</I>0.005, <I>P</I><SUB>corr</SUB>=0.03). No differences were identified between the AICU and the NC groups. Luciferase activity, reflecting promoter activity, was significantly lower with the <I>TBXA2R</I>−4684T‐containing construct than with the −4684C‐containing construct (<I>P</I><0.001); the activity decreased further upon co‐transfection with ETS‐like gene transcription factor‐1 (ELK‐1) (<I>P=</I>0.012). EMSA revealed that the −4684T allele produced a specific shifted band, with a greater affinity than that produced by the −4684C allele.</P><P><B>Conclusion and clinical relevance </B> These results suggest that the <I>TBXA2R</I>−4684T allele may be associated with lower TBXA2R expression, which may contribute to the development of the AIAU phenotype.</P>

Inactivated H9N2 avian influenza virus vaccine with gel-primed and mineral oil-boosted regimen could produce improved immune response in broiler breeders.

Lee, D-H,Kwon, J-S,Lee, H-J,Lee, Y-N,Hur, W,Hong, Y-H,Lee, J-B,Park, S-Y,Choi, I-S,Song, C-S Poultry Science Association, etc 2011 Poultry science Vol.90 No.5

<P>The frequent economic losses incurred with H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAI) infection have raised serious concerns for the poultry industry. A 1-dose regimen with inactivated H9N2 LPAI vaccine could not prevent vaccinated poultry from becoming infected and from shedding wild viruses. A study was conducted to determine whether a 2-dose regimen of inactivated H9N2 LPAI vaccine could enhance the immunologic response in chickens. Such gel-primed and mineral oil-boosted regimen has produced encouraging results associated with improved immune responses to an H9N2 LPAI. This strategy could be cost effective and helpful for preventing avian influenza virus in the poultry industry.</P>

Preventive effect of fermented Maillard reaction products from milk proteins in cardiovascular health

Oh, N.S.,Kwon, H.S.,Lee, H.A.,Joung, J.Y.,Lee, J.Y.,Lee, K.B.,Shin, Y.K.,Baick, S.C.,Park, M.R.,Kim, Y.,Lee, K.W.,Kim, S.H. American Dairy Science Association 2014 Journal of dairy science Vol.97 No.6

The aim of this study was to determine the dual effect of Maillard reaction and fermentation on the preventive cardiovascular effects of milk proteins. Maillard reaction products (MRP) were prepared from the reaction between milk proteins, such as whey protein concentrates (WPC) and sodium caseinate (SC), and lactose. The hydrolysates of MRP were obtained from fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB; i.e., Lactobacillus gasseri H10, L. gasseri H11, Lactobacillus fermentum H4, and L. fermentum H9, where human-isolated strains were designated H1 to H15), which had excellent proteolytic and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (>20%). The antioxidant activity of MRP was greater than that of intact proteins in assays of the reaction with 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt and trivalent ferric ions; moreover, the effect of MRP was synergistically improved by fermentation. The Maillard reaction dramatically increased the level of antithrombotic activity and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) inhibitory effect of milk proteins, but did not change the level of activity for micellar cholesterol solubility. Furthermore, specific biological properties were enhanced by fermentation. Lactobacillus gasseri H11 demonstrated the greatest activity for thrombin and HMGR inhibition in Maillard-reacted WPC, by 42 and 33%, respectively, whereas hydrolysates of Maillard-reacted SC fermented by L. fermentum H9 demonstrated the highest reduction rate for micellar cholesterol solubility, at 52%. In addition, the small compounds that were likely released by fermentation of MRP were identified by size-exclusion chromatography. Therefore, MRP and hydrolysates of fermented MRP could be used to reduce cardiovascular risks.

Generation of reassortant influenza viruses within the non-industrial poultry system

Lee, H.J.,Lee, D.H.,Lee, Y.N.,Kwon, J.S.,Lee, Y.J.,Lee, J.B.,Park, S.Y.,Choi, I.S.,Song, C.S. Elsevier Science 2012 INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION Vol.12 No.5

We compared the genetic and biologic characteristics of 35 influenza viruses of different epidemiological backgrounds in Korea, including H3N2 canine influenza virus (CIV). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that chicken adapted H9N2 viruses (A/chicken/Korea/96006/96 [CK/Kor/96006-like]) have acquired aquatic avian gene segments through reassortment, and these reassorted H9N2 viruses were more frequently detected from minor poultry species than from industrial poultry. Conversely, gene segments from CK/Kor/96006-like viruses were also detected in most of the viruses from domestic ducks. Interestingly, domestic ducks, rather than wild aquatic birds, harbored close relatives of all eight gene segments of H3N2 CIV, which preferred binding to avian receptors. Therefore, bidirectional virus transmission events are assumed to have occurred between land-based poultry and aquatic poultry, in particular within the non-industrial poultry system. These events have contributed to the generation of a novel reassortant, H3N2 CIV. To prevent generating other reassortants capable of interspecies transmission, gene movements in the non-industrial poultry systems should be clarified and managed.