대추나무 및 토끼풀 萎黃叢生病의 Mycoplasma-like Organisms에 관한 電子顯微鏡的 硏究

張茂雄 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1981 基礎科學硏究 Vol.1 No.-

Examination of ultrathin sections of the midveins and lateral veins from leaves of jujube witches' broom and clover dwarf by electron microscopy revealed the presence of pleomorphic bodies which resembled Mycoplasma species. These mycoplasma-like organisms(MLO), ranging between 50 and 800nm in diameter, were found in varying concentration in the sieve tubes of vascular tissues of all materials examined. MLO werefound rarely in the parenchyma cells and the companion cells. In some sieve tubes, MLO were found concentrated along the cell walll with their extrusions inside the sieve pores, suggesting the cell-to-cell movement of the organism might take place through these pores. Four forms of MLO were recognized on the base of their size, shape, and internal structure. All forms had a single unit membrane of a about 8nm in thickness and contained ribosome-like granules and nuclear net-strands. These forms are considered to represent the developmental stages in the growth cycle of MLO in vivo. Therefore, it was difficult to distinguish the species of MLO morphologically.

蘭의 바이러스病에 관한 硏究 : (1) Odontoglossum ringspot virus

張茂雄,金龍基,咸泰守 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1984 基礎科學硏究 Vol.4 No.-

The virus disease of orchids has been regarded as a widespread disease in the orchid-cultivating areas in the south part of Korea. Odontoglossum ringspot virus(ORSV) was mechanically transmitted to Chenopodium amaranticolor from the leaves ofCymbidium spp. with mosaic symptoms. The virus was multiplied well in the inoculated leaves of C. amaranticolor in which it produced local chlorotic spots without systemic infection. ORSV infected 10 plant species in 6 families. In sap of C. amaranticolor the virus lost infectivity after 10 min at about 90℃ or after dilution to 10. The virus can easily be purified by several methods. Clarification of sap with n-butanol and PEC followed by differential centrifugation is recommended. In negatively stained preparations, particles of the virus appear under the electron microscope (Hitachi H-600) as rod-shapes of about 300×18nm. In ultra-thin sections of ORSV infected tissues, a large number of virus particles and inclusion bodies were found in the cytoplasm, the nuclei, and the vacuole of mesophyll cells. The most striking feature of ORSV-infected cells was the presence of electron low-dense X-material of tubular appearance in the nuclei and the cytoplasm.

蘭의 바이러스病에 관한 硏究 : -(2)Spiranthes mosaic virus-

張茂雄 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1985 基礎科學硏究 Vol.5 No.-

The virus disease of orchids has been regarded as a widespread disease in the orchid-cultivating areas in the south part of Korea. Spiranthes mosaic virus was mechanically transmitted to chenopodium amaranticolor from the leaves of Spiranthes sinensis with mosaic symptoms. The virus was multiplied well in the inoculated leaves of C. amaranticolor in which it produced local necrotic ringspot without systemic infection. The virus also was transmitted in the non-persistant by Myzys persicae. In sap of C. amaranticolor, the virus lost infectivity after 10 min at about 60 to 65℃, at dilution of ??-??, and in the aging of 8 to 14 days at about 20℃. In negatively stained preparations, particles of the virus and cytoplasmic inclusions appear under the electron microscope as flexible filaments of about 750nm in length and rectangular form. Cylindrical inclusions and virus particles were found in the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells by ultra-thin sections of infected tissues.

Nitrostyrylphenylsulfone에 대한 Hydrogen Cyanide의 친핵성 첨가반응 메카니즘 연구

鄭昌雄,朴茂淳,明平根,孟柱煬 순천향대학교 1982 논문집 Vol.5 No.2

The rate constant of the nucleophilic addition reaction of hydrogen cyanide to p-Nitrostyrylphenylsulfone were determined at various pH and a rate equation which can be applied over wide pH range was obtained. Analysis of the equation suggest that below pH11, the nucleophilic addition reaction of hydrogen cyanide to p-Nitrostyrylphenylsulfone is initiated by the attack of hydrogen cyanaide molecule on the activated carbon double bond, and above PH 13 cyanide ion is the only nucleophile to p-Nitrostyrylphenylsulfone.

영지버섯 栽培에 있어서 푸른곰팡이 병균의 生長에 미치는 要因과 防除法

李鍾縕,張茂雄,李在成 嶺南大學校附設 基礎科學硏究所 1986 基礎科學硏究 Vol.6 No.-

本 實驗은 우리나라의 霙芝 버섯의 포트 栽培에서 發生하는 푸른곰팡이병의 原因茵의 규명과 그 防除法을 확립하고져 실시하였다. 實驗結果는 곰팡이 3種과 細茵 3種의 分離되었다. 이중 푸른곰팡이 症狀의 原因茵은 Trichoderma Roningi, T. lignorum, 未同定 1種임이 확인되었고, 발생빈도는 각각 60%, 30%, 10%이었다. T. lignorum은PDA 배지 Waksman's and Richard's solution에서 생장이 좋았고, 중성-알카리성에서는 生長이 不良한 반면 산성에서 生長이 좋았으며, 최적산도는 pH4였다. Trichoderma spp. 는 70℃에서 60分間, 80℃에서 30分間 열처리하므로서 완전히 사멸되었다. Three species of Trichoderma causing green mildew of Ganoderma lucidum were isolated from 6 spots of G. lucidum growing areas in Dae Gu. These are T. roningi, T. lignorum, and an unidentified species, and their frequencies of occurrence are 60%, 30%, and 10%, respectively. All of these species grew well in potato dextrose, Waksman's and Richard's solution, and preferred acidec(pH4.0) to neutral condditions. T. lignorum was killed when exposed for either 60minutes at 70℃, or for 30minutes at 80℃.

심비디움 모자이크 바이러스의 핵산과 외피단백질에 관한 연구

배소현,장무웅 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1994 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.-

심비디움의 잎에 괴저 줄무늬 증상주에서 분리한 심비디움 모자이크 바이러스(CyMV-K)를 카틀레야와 팔레높시스에 증식시켜 순화 시료로 하였다. 순화된 CyMV-K는 길이 480-500nm, 폭 13nm의 약간 완곡형의 사상입자였다. 순화된 CyMV-K 시료의 자외선 흡광도를 조사한 결과, 260nm에서 최대, 248nm에서 최소값을 나타내는 전형적인 핵단백질의 자외선 흡수곡선을 보였다. Phenol/chloroform 추출에 의해 정제된 CyMV-K RNA의 분자량은 6.45Kb로 측정되었다. CyMV-K coat protein의 분자량 측정을 위해 SDS-PAGE법으로 전기영동한 결과, 분자량은 약 2.51 x 10⁴ 달톤으로 확인되었다. CyMV-K, CyMV-A, CyMV-J를 한천겔 이중확산법과 면역전자현미경법으로 혈청학적 관계를 조사한 결과, 혈청형이 거의 동일하였다. Cymbidium mosaic virus(CyMV-K) from Cymbidium sp, showing necrotic stripe symptom on the leaves was multiplied in Cattleya sp, and Phalaenopsis sp, and then purified. The purified CyMV-K was slightly flexible particles which have lengths in the range of 480-500 nm and widths of 13 nm. Ultraviolet absorption pattern of purified CyMV-K indicated the maximum at 260 nm and minimum at 248 nm, which was typical pattern of viruses. The molecular weight of CyMV-K RNA prepared by the extraction of phenol/chloroform was about 6.45 Kb. The molecular weight of CyMV-K coat protein estimated by SDS-PAGE method was about 2.51 x 10⁴daltons. CyMV-K, CyMV-A, CyMV-J was seorlogically identical by means of agar gel double diffusion test and immunosorbent electron microscopy.

부추와 마늘 바이러스의 分離 同定 및 理化學的 性質에 관한 硏究

노문철,박우원,장무웅 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.11 No.-

부추와 마늘은 바이러스 病에 대한 防止策없이 오랬동안 裁培되어온 韓國의 重要한 채소류 중의 하나이다. 따라서 이러한 바이러스 病을 防止하기 위해서는 부추와 마늘의 바이러스에 관한 基本的인 情報가 더욱 必要하다. 이러한 重要性때문에 本 硏究는 부추와 마늘의 바이러스를 分離 同定하여 그 特性을 調査하였다. 그 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 부추와 마늘의 바이러스는 低速과 高速 遠心分離에 의해 純化되었고, 電子顯微鏡으로 觀察한 結果, 길이 650-700nm의 絲狀 粒子로 確認되었다. 2. 汁液 接種에 의해 感染된 명아주와 잠두의 잎은 局部病斑 症狀을 나타내었다. 3. 부추, 명아주, 잠두의 罹病葉을 초박절편하여 電子 顯微鏡으로 觀察한 결과, 바이러스 粒子는 集團 및 散在像으로 細胞質內에 存在하였다. 4. SDS-PAGE法으로 電氣泳動한 結果, 부추와 마늘의 바이러스의 coat protein의 分子量은 4.12×10⁴dalton으로 確認되었다. 5. 1.4% agarose gel 造成으로 水平電氣泳動한 結果, 부추와 마늘의 바이러스의 RNA의 分子量은 2.85×?? dalton으로 確認되었다. 6. GLV의 항혈청을 이용한 혈청학적 실험(면역전기영동법, 면역전자현미경법)에서 CCLV와 GLV가 동일한 반응을 나타냈었다. Chinese chive(Allium tuberosum) and garlic(Allium sativum) are an important vegetable crops for the korean people and have long been cultivated extensively in Korea. Because of this importance. studies were initiated to isolate and characterize the chinese chive latent virus(CCLV) and garlic latent virus(GLV). Result of these studies are summarized as follows: 1. CCMV and GLV were purified by alternate high and low speed centrifugation of chinese chive leaf or garlic leaf extracts. 2. Electron microscopic examination of CCLV and GLV revealed rod shaped. These paticles are measured about 650-700nm in length. 3. In manual inoculation, these viruses induced local lesion on Chenopodium album and broad bean. 4. In ultrathin section, Particles of CCLV and GLV were often found aggregate or scatered in the cytoplasm. 5. The molecular weight of the coat protein of CCLV and GLV were estimated by polyacrylamade gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Coat protein subunit of CCLV and GLV estimated about about 4.12×10⁴ daltons. 6. The moleculat weight of the nucleic acid of CCLV and GLV estimated about 2.85×?? daltons. 7. By the method of immunoelectrophoresis and immunosorbent electron microscope it has been proved that CCLV is identical to GLV.

Cronkhite-Canada 증후군 1예

이수걸,문창형,김무영,최성호,여동승,강필중,송철수,조몽,양웅석,허윤,문한규 대한내과학회 1992 대한내과학회지 Vol.42 No.2

저자들은 Cronkhite-Canada 증후군 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a disease entity, including such characteristics as gastrointestinal polyposis associated with ectodermal changes-alopecia, hyperpigmentation of the skin and atrophy of the nails. But it has no familial tendency. In 1955, a report of 2 patients by Cronkhite and Canada established this entity as clinically distinct from any of the other known forms of gastrointestinal polyposis. Since that time, at least 53 similar casas has been described in the world literature, but no case has been reported in Korea.

三天池의 環境과 微生物의 多樣性

한상국,이종운,배소현,장무웅,김시균 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏究 Vol.13 No.1

경상북도 경산시에 위치하고 있는 삼천지에 대한 환경요인 및 미생물상에 관하여 조사하였다. 삼천지 수계의 환경요인 분석결과, 그 평균값은 기온이 25.8℃, pH6.77, 경도 117.94mg/ℓ, 부유물질 4.5mg/ℓ, 용존산소량 3.3mg/ℓ, 생물학적 산소요구량 6.6mg/ℓ, 화학적 산쇼요구량 7.2㎎/ℓ, 염소이온 17.56㎎/ℓ, 황산이온 7.14㎎/ℓ로 나타났고, 중금속류는 Mn과 Zn만이 소량 검출되었으나 전반적인 오염도가 높아 수질환경 기준 IV급수에 해당하였다. 총 세균수는 3.32-8.85×?? No. inds/㎖의 분포를 나타냈고, 식물플랑크톤의 종구성은 규조류 33종, 녹조류 26종, 남조류 8종, 유글레나 13종, 와편모조류 6종 등 86종이 확인되었다. 규조류중 띠돌말과에 속하는 Fragilaria capucina, Synedra acus, S. familiaris 가 우점종이였다. Environmental factors and microflora of Samchun-impoundment in Kyongsan, Kyongpook were studied. Average data of environmental factors analysis are as followings : air temperature 25.8℃, pH 6.77, total hardness 117.94mg/ℓ, SS 4.5mg/ℓ, DO 3.3mg/ℓ, BOD 6.6mg/ℓ, COD 7.2mg/ℓ, ?? 17.56mg/ℓ, ?? 7.14mg/ℓ, Mn 0.05mg/ℓ, Zn 0.04mg/ℓ. Total bacteria in 4 site were 3.32×?? No. inds/㎖. Distribution and species of phytoplankton and zooplankton were 86 species including 33 species of bacillariophyceae, 26 of chlorophyta, 8 of cyanophyceae, 13 of euglenaceae, 6 of dinophyceae. Fragilaria capucina, Synedra acus, S. familiaris were dominant species.

바이러스에 感染된 마늘 組織內의 마늘 잠재 바이러스(GLV) 및 마늘 모자이크 바이러스(GMV)의 存在樣式

張茂雄(Chang Moo Ung),朴禹源(Park Woo Won),鄭載東(Chung Jae Dong),林箕柄(Lim Ki Byoung),羅瑢俊(La Yong Joon) 한국원예학회 1988 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.4