일 농촌지역의 우울 증상에 관한 역학연구 -위험요인 및 요인구조분석

하양숙,홍진표,김한규,이군희,한경자,조맹제,김용익,송미순,박성애,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 우울증 척도인 the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)을 이용하여 지역사회 주민의 우울증상의 정도를 평가하고, 우울증상의 위험요인을 분석하고, 한국인에서 우울증상의 요인구조를 알기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 경기도 일 농촌 지역의 30세 이상 주민에 대해 무작위 군집 집락 추출을 실시하였고, 훈련된 면담원들이 가정 방문을 통하여 면접 및 자기보고 검사인 CES-D를 실시하였다. 총 1,315명에서 응답을 하였고 응답율은 59.3%이었다. 결 과 : CES-D에 의한 우울증 점수는 0∼5점이 57%정도를 차지하였고, 평균 점수는 남자 7.8점 여자 9.5점으로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. ANCOVA 분석 결과 비결혼, 저학력, 여성이라는 위험요인은 독립적으로 우울증상을 악화시키는 요인이었으나 연령은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. CES-D 결과를 요인분석을 시행한 결과 4가지 요인이 추출되었는데 우울증상 및 신체증상이 한 개의 요인으로, 다른 나라에서 보고되지 않는 정서적 고통이 별도의 요인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 : 국내 역학 조사에서도 외국과 유사한 우울점수 및 위험요인이 확인되었으나 우울증의 요인에서는 특이한 요인이 추출되었다. 한국인에 독특한 우울 반응에 관한 추가 연구가 필요하다. Objectives :The rates, correlates, and factor structure of depressive symptoms in a Korean rural sample were examined using Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Methods : Door to door visiting survey was conducted by trained interviewers. A random cluster sample of 1,315 respondents, aged 30 and over completed the CES-D scale along with additional sociodemographic questionnaire. Results : In this sample, mean CES-D score of male and female were 7.8 and 9.5, respectively which were lower than those reported previously. Symptoms of depression were most common among the less educated, non-married and female according to ANCOVA. Age was not a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. Different factor structures emerged from this sample as compared to other studies using this approach. Somatic symptoms and affective symptoms were combined as one factor and emotional hardship emerged as a separate factor. Conclusion : Symptoms scores and risk factors were similar to the results reported in other countries but unique factor structures were found in this study. Further research is needed about the Korean depressive symptomatology and related areas.

시간 지연을 고려한 FCM 추론알고리즘

하경재,황철현,박미애 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 1996 硏究論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Uncertain causal knowledge is stored in Fuzzy Cognitive Maps(FCMs). FCM resonant states are limit cycles. A FCM limit cycle or hidden pattern is a FCM inference. However, there are some drawbacks concerned with inference and knowledge representation without the time delay in the conventional FCMs. In this paper, we propose an inference algorithm considered the time delay, based on improved FCMs represented causal relationships more naturally. Computer simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Larkin 시에 나타난 부정의 형식과 효과

하미애 현대영미어문학회 1998 현대영미어문학 Vol.16 No.1

Larkin's poetry demonstrates a noticeable preoccupation with pattern and forces of negation. There is the Larkin poem whose semantics are made negative due to its subject. matter(physical death and the death of consciousness are prime subjects in this respect). Clausal and sub-clausal types of negation, are also unmistakable aspects of Larkin's syntax. The physical absence that is constantly creating in Larkin feelings of emptiness. dreadfulness, and darkness, is death. The first type of absence for which Larkin expresses a simple yearning always thrills him as it may relieve him of burdens of sociability and painful consciousness that comes along with knowledge. But as he comes to reflect on the second he appears frightened, shaken, and even paralysed by the thought of it. His reaction to his own' absence is demonstrated in feelings of void, fear, and even theological despair. He points out that one's end comes so forcefully and inevitably that religion, which by the way he does not show interest in, fails as an escape· route to contravene its coming. Stylistically Larkin's negative vision of life is carried through negative structures and formations. He relies upon and manipulates negative sentences and other word-formations. He uses clausal and sub-clausal negation as means of presenting the kind of vision he seeks to convey. In Larkin's negative linguistic environment they bring into light sets of different actions and states of being before they cancel them out. Larkin's favorite part of speech as far as the negative formations are concerned is the adjective. Two classes of adjectives capture Larkin's attention, the comparative and more important the participial. Both, like verbs, are preceded by the same class-preserving negative prefix 'un', Both function either as heads of phrases serving as predicate complements in clause structures or pre-head modifiers in noun phrase structures. Mostly Larkin depends upon comparative adjective to give his concepts of ordinariness, love, marriage, and life. Or they may account for the dilemma of man in modern society And it appeilrs that Larkin's swing between the positive and negative aspect of the 'un-formation' like his manipulation of sentential negation, reflects a tendency on his part to reduce things down to their true dimensions and qualities. It is an aspect of his style that is designated to bring to light the human situations and emotions reveled in his poems.

Shadows on the Rock에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 慶南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1998 人文論叢 Vol.10 No.-

<ABSTRACT>The protagonists in Cather's novels written between 1920 and 1926 experience crises of self and desperately seek new avenues to personal fulfillment. In such portrayals. Cather moves farther away from any notion of success that centers on material gain or that elevates the individual, and toward an understanding the American Dream that is community-oriented and fundamentally at odds with wealth and position. Thus Cather in the early 1930's, when she wrote Shadow on the Rock, was still negotiating a position for herself on the American Dream.Published in 1931, Shadow on the Rock, seems an appropriate Depression-era novel, with its poor-but-happy, Shirley Temple type of heroine, who teaches her observers that they can find personal happiness without money or fame. And in the spirit of the Depression-era intellectual, more interested in a universal human community than in a specifically American community (Peeler 7), Cather "un-Americanizes" her setting by moving it beyond the United states to Canada. Cather at the end of this period seems especially to be reverencing communal values-represented by religion and Family-and perhaps thinking of abandoning or at least tempering the bolder individualism that early heroines such as Thea Kronborg and Marian Forrester display.At one point in the novel, Cather especially emphasizes this theme of traditions. In Shadows on the Rock, Cather clearly defines the community that more and more came to hold importance for her: the tradition-bearers who transmit values from past to present and preserve those values for future humanity. In fact, Cather in this novel uses religion as a concrete example of tradition: religion is not only a vehicle for the transmission of tradition, but it provides for those who cherish, practice, and spread it a sense of community and of belonging. For Cather, religion is a means of carrying that past to the future.Like religion, family gains importance as a symbol of community in this phase of Cather's writing. As Cather validates these two avenues to a tradition-based, self-affirming community-religion and family-she reflects a cultural shift in focus as America itself moved toward an era of economic upheaval and widespread disillusionment with the American Dream. The family community is actually elevated to the level of art and religion as a symbol of what must be preserved. The beauty and sacredness of family in this work perhaps reflects Cather's own growing awareness of how much her family meant to her. And Cather's need for family reflects not only a growing personal awareness of the importance of this initial community, but a growing national reawakening to the strength and power of the family as a unit.

One of Ours와 A Lost Lady에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 한국영어영문학회 경남지부 1997 현대영미어문학 Vol.15 No.2

오감(五感)적 요소를 접목한 브랜드 스페이스 연출 계획 -마임 화장품 프레쉬가든을 중심으로-

김소현,임하영,장효실,최혜원,이진민,장미정,이성애 숙명여자대학교 산업디자인연구소 2017 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.24 No.-

인간이 갖고 있는 감각 기관은 시각, 청각, 후각, 촉각, 미각의 총 다섯 가지로, 이를 모두 활용 할 때 이상적 공간 상호작용이 가능하다. 본 연구는 화장품의 공간 연출 계획 시 오감적 요소를 접목하여 브랜드 이미지를 구축하는 일련의 프로세스를 밝히는데 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 2017년 3월~6월 15주간 숙명여대 환경디자인학과 <융합연출디자인> 수업에서 진행된 수업의 결과물로서 작업물을 정리하였다. 그 결과 본 연구는 제품이나 서비스를 직접 경험할 수 있도록 다양한 엔터테인먼트적 요소를 결합하여 기능적 만족감과 더불어 체험적 만족감 제공하는 오감적 디스플레이를 제안하였다. 본 연구는 오감을 활 용한 뷰티 쇼룸으로 감각을 공간에 어떠한 방식으로 적용할 것인지에 대한 정립을 했다는 데에 의의가 있다. 아울러 다양한 매체와 공간의 개념이 일반화 되어 가는 오늘날 기업 환경 속에서 오감적 체험을 기반으로 한 공간연출은 가상의 공간속에서도 유연하게 적용 가능한 디스플레이 요소로 확인되었다. 또한 본 연구는 향후 이와 관련된 쇼룸 공간 개발에 있어서 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

마임 건강식품 홍삼진을 이용한 전통과 모던의 융합적 브랜드 이벤트 프로모션 산업체 연계를 통한 아트, 디자인, 공학, 마케팅 융합 디자인을 중심으로-

길혜경,박민지,이하은,조예린,이진민,장미정,이성애 숙명여자대학교 산업디자인연구소 2017 숙명디자인학 연구 Vol.24 No.-

본 연구는 융합 연출 디자인 이라는 목적에서 출발하여 마임 브랜드 홍삼진 제품을 다각적 측면에서 기획 및 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 이에 본 연구는 2017년 3월~ 6월 15주 동안 숙명여대 환경디자인학과<융합 캡스톤 디자인>수업을 통해 이루어졌다. 또한 본 연구는 마임브랜드 중, 건강식품을 브랜딩하고 있는 <홍삼 진>을 선택하였다. 그 결과 본 연구는 기존 이벤트 프로모션과 전시의 사회적 문제를 도출하였고, 이를 해결하기 위한 방안으로서 전통과 현대의 융합의 오감적 체험 프로모션을 주제로 선정하였다. 아울러 본 연구는 SWOT/STP 마케 팅 분석 방법과 브레인스토밍을 사용하여 아트, 디자인, ICT, Marketing의 융합 브랜드를 구축하였다.끝으로 본 연구는 향후 마케팅을 기반한 융합 브랜드 개발에 있어 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

Molecular activation of NF-κB, pro-inflammatory mediators, and signal pathways in γ-irradiated mice

Ha, Young Mi,Chung, Sang Woon,Kim, Ji Min,Kim, Dae Hyun,Kim, Ji Young,Lee, Eun Kyeong,Lee, Jaewon,Kim, Young Jin,Yoo, Mi Ae,Jeong, Kyu Shik,Chung, Hae Young Springer-Verlag 2010 Biotechnology letters Vol.32 No.3

Reduction in the Mask Error Factor by Optimizing the Diffraction Order of a Scattering Bar in Lithography

Mi-Ae Ha,오혜근 한국물리학회 2005 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.46 No.1

This paper searches for the scattering bar behavior and the extent of mask bias that may reduce the aerial image errors by reducing the mask error factor (MEF) for isolated and dense patterns. The merit of using scattering bars at the mask for the optical proximity correction (OPC) is examined for a potential reduction in the MEF by optimizing the 0th diffraction order. A MEF minimization through the use of an isolated-dense bias and optimum placement of a scattering bar with the different pitches can increase the common process latitude and can decrease the minimum feature size.

길경(桔梗)발효 추출물의 알레르기성 소양행동 억제효과연구

하미애 ( Mi Ae Ha ),김진우 ( Jin Woo Kim ),이신우 ( Shin Woo Lee ),전현식 ( Hyun Sik Chun ),조영손 ( Young Son Cho ),신용욱 ( Yong Wook Shin ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.6

Objectives : Platycodon Root is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat inflammatory diseases of the throat. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the EtOH extract of fermented Platycodon grandiflorum on the ameliorative effects on the Antipruritic Effect of atopic dermatitis mouse model induced by compound 48/80 and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic responses in mice. Methods : In the present study, we examined the anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum (PR) and its fermented production (FPR) in several mouse model. We measured acute ear edema in a mouse model caused by TPA and consecutively histological change of Ear tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. and also Scratching behaviors by compound 48/80 was investigated. The levels of allergic mediators such as immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and anti-oxidant markers such as SOD and MDA in the sera of OVA induced allergic mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results : FPR inhibited compoud 48/80-induced scratching behavior in mice, as well as acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. The anti-scratching behavioral effect of FPR was more potent than PR. FPR extract significantly decreased the serum levels of IgE and MDA compared with those of OVA control group. Conclusions : These results indicate that Anti allergic effect of Platycodon grandiflorum is enhanced by fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisae and FPR may be useful for protection from the itching reactions, which are IgE-mediated representative skin allergic diseases.