Identifi cation and characterization of carotenoid biosynthesis related genes in a novel dark skinned citrus mutant cultivar ‘Suneat’

Md Abdur Rahim,Khandker Shazia Afrin,Hee-Jeong Jung,Hoy-Taek Kim,Jong-In Park,Ill-Sup Nou 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.1

We explored the relationship between skin color and the expression of genes related to carotenoid biosynthesis during fruitripening in two citrus cultivars, ‘Shiranuhi’ (a hybrid mandarin cultivar) and ‘Suneat’ (mutant cultivar derived from a naturalbud mutation of ‘Shiranuhi’). We identifi ed 16 and 7 genes putatively involved in carotenoid biosynthesis and regulationvia phylogenetic analysis in sweet orange. Further, we determined the expression pattern of these genes by quantitative realtime reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). The result showed that the expression levels of CsPSY (Cs6g15910), CsZDS(Cs3g11180), CsZ-ISO (Cs5g24730), CsBCH1 (Cs9g19270), CsFUL2 (Cs5g12280), CsTAGL1 (Cs7g16960), CsRIN1(Cs6g19680), CsRIN2 (Cs7g10980), and CsHY5 (Cs7g05140) were up-regulated in the skin of mutant cultivar ‘Suneat’ thanany other tissues of both citrus cultivars. Of these CsPSY , CsZDS , CsZ-ISO and CsBCH1 genes were related to carotenoidbiosynthesis and CsFUL2 , CsTAGL1 , CsRIN1 , CsRIN2 , and CsHY5 were known to involve in the regulation of carotenoidbiosynthesis. Our results reveal that the attractive dark orange skin color of ‘Suneat’ might be due to the up-regulation ofcarotenoid biosynthetic as well as regulatory genes and thereby higher levels carotenoids at ripening.

Molecular analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes reveal <i>BoTT8</i> associated with purple hypocotyl of broccoli <i>(Brassica oleracea var. italica L.)</i>

Rahim, Md Abdur,Afrin, Khandker Shazia,Jung, Hee-Jeong,Kim, Hoy-Taek,Park, Jong-In,Hur, Yoonkang,Nou, Ill-Sup National Research Council of Canada, Conseil natio 2019 Genome Vol. No.

<P> Broccoli <I>(Brassica oleracea var. italica L.)</I> is a highly nutritious vegetable that typically forms pure green or purple florets. However, green broccoli florets sometimes accumulate slight purplish pigmentation in response environmental factors, decreasing their market value. In the present study, we aimed to develop molecular markers to distinguish broccoli genotypes as pure green or purplish floret color at the early seedling stage. Anthocyanins are known to be involved in the purple pigmentation in plants. The purplish broccoli lines were shown to accumulate purple pigmentation in the hypocotyls of very young seedlings; therefore, the expression profiles of the structural and regulatory genes of anthocyanin biosynthesis were analyzed in the hypocotyls using <I>qRT-PCR. BoPAL, BoDFR, BoMYB114, BoTT8, BoMYC1.1, BoMYC1.2,</I> and <I>BoTTG1</I> were identified as putative candidate genes responsible for the purple hypocotyl color. <I>BoTT8</I> was much more highly expressed in the purple than green hypocotyls; therefore, it was cloned and sequenced from various broccoli lines, revealing SNP and InDel variations between these genotypes. We tested four SNPs (G > A; A > T; G > C; T > G) in the first three exons and a 14-bp InDel (ATATTTATATATAT) in the <I>BoTT8</I> promoter in 51 broccoli genotypes, and we found these genetic variations could distinguish the green lines, purple lines, and F<SUB>1</SUB> hybrids. These novel molecular markers could be useful in broccoli breeding programs to develop a true green or purple broccoli cultivar. </P>

Differential Expression Pattern of Lignin Biosynthetic Genes in Dwarf Cherry Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme)

Md Abdur Rahim,AKM Zilani Rabbi,Khandker Shazia Afrin,정희정,Hoy-Taek Kim,박종인,노일섭 한국육종학회 2019 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.7 No.3

Cherry tomatoes are highly nutritious, flavory with a pleasant taste and are becoming increasingly popular to the consumers. The cherry tomato cv. ‘Minichal’ produced some dwarf plants along with normal plants. Lignin, a phenolic biopolymer is the key component of cell walls in plants. Here, we analyzed lignin biosynthesis-related genes in leaves, inflorescences and fruits of dwarf and normal cherry tomato plants by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Among analyzed genes, SlCCOAOMT1, SlCCOAOMT2, SlCCOAOMT3, SlF5H, and SlCOMT showed significantly higher expressions, in leaf and inflorescence of dwarf plants compared with the normal plants, while SlPAL1 showed a significantly higher expression only in the leaves. On the contrary, SlHCT and SlC3H showed significantly lower expression levels in the leaves and inflorescences of dwarf plants compared with normal ones. The results suggest that SlHCT and SlC3H might have an impact on the dwarf cherry tomato plants.

Development of SNP Markers to Distinguish Various Watermelon Traits and Validation Using Fluidigm Genotyping Assay

Sang-Min Yeo(Sang-Min Yeo),Jeong-Eui Hong(Jeong-Eui Hong),Md Abdur Rahim(Md Abdur Rahim ),Saleh Ahmed Shahriar(Saleh Ahmed Shahriar ),Phillip Choe(Phillip Choe),Sun-Kyun Jung(Sun-Kyun Jung),Ill-Sup No 한국육종학회 2023 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.11 No.2

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] is one of the economically most important fruit crops of the Cucurbitaceae family. Among different watermelon traits, disease resistance and fruit quality are the important traits for growers and consumers. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers similar to those traits can potentially and cost-effectively distinguish the genetic variations among these traits. Consequently, we developed 33 SNP makers linked to different watermelon traits associated with fruit quality and disease resistance, and validated in the genetic resources of watermelon and F1 breeding lines using ‘Fluidigm SNP Genotyping’ assay. Most of the SNP markers distinguished the alleles into three different types such as reference allele, alternative allele and heterozygous from watermelon genotypes for various traits. The SNP markers ‘ZymFL-T81P’ (ZYMVresistance), ‘FON1-U161’ and ‘FON1-S075’ (Fusarium wilt-resistance), ‘Pmr21-Cla831’ (PM-resistance), and ‘ClGBS-J168’ and ‘GBS-GC230’ (GSB-resistance) can successfully differentiate resistant (R), susceptible (S) and heterozygous watermelon genotypes. Similarly, the SNP marker associated with sugar content, citrulline content, arginine content, rind hardness, flesh firmness, fruit shape, rind strip pattern of watermelon fruit and seed coat colour can successfully distinguished the watermelon genetic resources and F1 breeding lines as reference allele (A) type, alternative allele (B) type and heterozygous (H). These SNP markers could be utilized for marker assisted selection as well as screening of a large number of watermelon germplasm for fruit quality and disease resistance. However, further validation like artificial inoculation of pathogens for the traits related to disease resistance is required in watermelon crops.

Multiband Slotted Crescent-shaped Patch Antenna for K-band Satellite and mmWave Communications

Md. Najmul Hossain,Liton Chandra Paul,Md. Abdur Rahim,Jungpil Shin 대한전자공학회 2022 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.11 No.3

In this paper, a multiband miniaturized crescent-shaped patch antenna with circular slots is presented for ultra-wideband applications. The proposed antenna is constructed on a Flame Retardant 4 (FR-4) dielectric substrate. Next-generation wireless communication systems, such as beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G mobile communication systems require a wider bandwidth and higher data rates. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 11×9×2.4 mm3 operating in the frequency range of 17.73 GHz to 26.04 GHz and 29.6 GHz to 31.02 GHz for satellite communications and radar systems, respectively, as well as 35.40 GHz to 38.65 GHz for future mmWave B5G mobile applications. These frequency ranges usually fall into the K-band and mmWave frequency spectrums. Simulation results demonstrate that the peak gain of the proposed antenna is 4.68 dB, which is obtained at 25 GHz.

Development of antibacterial nanofibrous wound dressing and conceptual reaction mechanism to deactivate the viral protein by Nigella sativa extract

Md Abdus Shahid,Abdur Rahim,Mohammad Asaduzzaman Chowdhury,Mohammad Abul Kashem 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.2

Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is extensively used as medicinal plant all over the world. It has the potential properties as the antiviral and antibacterial application. Its seed contain thymoquinone (TQ), thymohydroquinone (THQ), thymol (THY), p-cymene as major and other minor components. TQ and THQ exhibit broad spectrum of antimicrobial properties against the activity of bacteria, viruses, parasites, schistosoma and fungi. This work provides credence to the fabrication of antibacterial nanofibrous membrane by electrospinning machine from N. sativa extract with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution for wound dressing. The morphology of the developed membrane is also characterized using scanning electron microscope. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data has been showed that the functional groups of N. sativa are present in the prepared PVA-N. sativa nanofibrous membrane and its antibacterial activity was investigated. The disk diffusion method has been used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of PVA-N. sativa nanofibrous membrane against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria and the inhibition zone with a value of 10 mm is formed. Considering the inherent properties of N. sativa, a conceptual reaction mechanism has been proposed to deactivate the viral proteins by the action of TQ and THQ.

Gummy Stem Blight Resistance in Melon: Inheritance Pattern and Development of Molecular Markers

Md Zahid Hassan,Arif Hasan Khan Robin,Md Abdur Rahim,Sathishkumar Natarajan,Hoy-Taek Kim,Jong-In Park,Ill-Sup Nou 한국원예학회 2018 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2018 No.10

Screening of melon genotypes identifies gummy stem blight resistance associated with Gsb1 resistant loci

Md Zahid Hassan,Arif Hasan Khan Robin,Md Abdur Rahim,Sathishkumar Natarajan,김효택,박종인,노일섭 한국식물생명공학회 2018 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.45 No.3

Gummy stem blight (GSB) is one of the most destructive and economically important, soil borne diseases of melon caused by the ascomycete fungus, Didymella bryoniae throughout the world. In Korea, however, no GSB resistant genotype has been reported yet. The study aimed to identify GSB resistant melon germplasm. We screened a total of 60 genotypes including 16 lines and 44 melon cultivars collected from USA and Korea. Among the 16 melon lines, four lines including ‘PI482399’, ‘PI140471’, ‘PI136170’ and ‘PI420145’, and two Korean cultivars viz. ‘Asia Papaya’ and ‘Supra’ showed complete resistance. We were aware that both genotypic and environmental variations could influence the phenotypic screening of resistance and susceptibility. We therefore, further assessed all genotypes using 20 SSR markers. The SSR marker ‘CMCT505’ linked to Gsb1 in chromosome 1 perfectly grouped resistant and susceptible lines indicating that resistance is probably due to the presence of Gsb1 gene. Cloning and sequencing of resistant and susceptible Gsb1 amplicons showed that there were 32-bp deletions in resistant line and 39-bp deletions in resistant cultivar compared to susceptible one. Thus, the resistant melon lines and cultivars identified in this study could be recommended for the melon breeding program. Furthermore, the SSR marker ‘CMCT505’ which is tightly linked with Gsb1 could be used for molecular screening of melon germplasm.

Screening of melon genotypes identifies gummy stem blight resistance associated with Gsb1 resistant loci

Hassan, Md Zahid,Robin, Arif Hasan Khan,Rahim, Md Abdur,Natarajan, Sathishkumar,Kim, Hoy-Taek,Park, Jong-In,Nou, Ill-Sup The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2018 식물생명공학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Gummy stem blight (GSB) is one of the most destructive and economically important, soil borne diseases of melon caused by the ascomycete fungus, Didymella bryoniae throughout the world. In Korea, however, no GSB resistant genotype has been reported yet. The study aimed to identify GSB resistant melon germplasm. We screened a total of 60 genotypes including 16 lines and 44 melon cultivars collected from USA and Korea. Among the 16 melon lines, four lines including 'PI482399', 'PI140471', 'PI136170' and 'PI420145', and two Korean cultivars viz. 'Asia Papaya' and 'Supra' showed complete resistance. We were aware that both genotypic and environmental variations could influence the phenotypic screening of resistance and susceptibility. We therefore, further assessed all genotypes using 20 SSR markers. The SSR marker 'CMCT505' linked to Gsb1 in chromosome 1 perfectly grouped resistant and susceptible lines indicating that resistance is probably due to the presence of Gsb1 gene. Cloning and sequencing of resistant and susceptible Gsb1 amplicons showed that there were 32-bp deletions in resistant line and 39-bp deletions in resistant cultivar compared to susceptible one. Thus, the resistant melon lines and cultivars identified in this study could be recommended for the melon breeding program. Furthermore, the SSR marker 'CMCT505' which is tightly linked with Gsb1 could be used for molecular screening of melon germplasm.

Expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes reflects the peel color in purple tomato

강송이,Md Abdur Rahim,Khandker Shazia Afrin,정희정,김효택,박종인,노일섭 한국원예학회 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.3

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important and popular vegetables worldwide. A wide range of tomato cultivars with different colored fruits is presently available. The purple peel of tomato fruit is due to the accumulation anthocyanin pigments, which are beneficial to both plants and humans. Cultivated tomatoes normally do not make anthocyanin in their fruit peel, but there are some wild relatives of cultivated tomato like Solanum chilense, S. habrochaites, S. cheesmanii, and S. lycopersicoides that do produce anthocyanins in their fruits. In this study, the purple fruit color was obtained by crossing ‘OSU blue’ (blue fruit) and ‘Purple mini’ (brown fruit) and subsequent self-pollination. Anthocyanins are produced via the flavonoid pathway and are regulated by the transcriptional complex of MYB, bHLH, and WD40 repeats transcription factors. We determined the expression profiles of genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato genotypes with distinct fruit colors by qRT-PCR. Both the early and late biosynthetic genes of the anthocyanin pathway were up-regulated in the peels of purple tomato fruits, except Sl5GT. Moreover, the expression of the regulatory genes SlANT1 and SlAN1 was dramatically increased in the peels of purple tomato fruits. These results indicate that SlANT1 and SlAN1 might play an important role on anthocyanin biosynthesis in the peels of purple-fruited tomatoes via up-regulation of structural genes in the anthocyanin pathway.