Role of the <i>INDETERMINATE DOMAIN</i> Genes in Plants

Kumar, Manu,Le, Dung Thi,Hwang, Seongbin,Seo, Pil Joon,Kim, Hyun Uk MDPI AG 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.9

<P>The <I>INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD)</I> genes comprise a conserved transcription factor family that regulates a variety of developmental and physiological processes in plants. Many recent studies have focused on the genetic characterization of IDD family members and revealed various biological functions, including modulation of sugar metabolism and floral transition, cold stress response, seed development, plant architecture, regulation of hormone signaling, and ammonium metabolism. In this review, we summarize the functions and working mechanisms of the <I>IDD</I> gene family in the regulatory network of metabolism and developmental processes.</P>

Insights into genomics of salt stress response in rice

Kumar, Kundan,Kumar, Manu,Kim, Seong-Ryong,Ryu, Hojin,Cho, Yong-Gu Springer New York 2013 Rice Vol.6 No.-

<P>Plants, as sessile organisms experience various abiotic stresses, which pose serious threat to crop production. Plants adapt to environmental stress by modulating their growth and development along with the various physiological and biochemical changes. This phenotypic plasticity is driven by the activation of specific genes encoding signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, ion transporters and metabolic pathways. Rice is an important staple food crop of nearly half of the world population and is well known to be a salt sensitive crop. The completion and enhanced annotations of rice genome sequence has provided the opportunity to study functional genomics of rice. Functional genomics aids in understanding the molecular and physiological basis to improve the salinity tolerance for sustainable rice production. Salt tolerant transgenic rice plants have been produced by incorporating various genes into rice. In this review we present the findings and investigations in the field of rice functional genomics that includes supporting genes and networks (ABA dependent and independent), osmoprotectants (proline, glycine betaine, trehalose, myo-inositol, and fructans), signaling molecules (Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, brassinosteroids) and transporters, regulating salt stress response in rice.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1939-8433-6-27) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>

Predictive Validity of Some Common Animal Models of Bipolar Disorder Using Lithium and Lamotrigine Therapy: An Attempt towards a Battery-Based Approach for the Evaluation of Mood Stabilizers

Manu Kumar,Chakra Dhar Tripathi,Veena Verma,Biswa Mohan Padhy,Girish Gulab Meshram,B Abhilash 대한신경정신의학회 2016 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.13 No.4

ObjectiveaaTo determine the predictive validity of some of the commonly employed models of mania and depression using standard drugs i.e. lithium (70 mg/kg) and lamotrigine (5 mg/kg) in male Wistar rats. MethodsaaThe depression facet of bipolar disorder was evaluated using forced swim test, tail suspension test, and chronic mild stress test. The models used to evaluate the mania facet of bipolar disorder were isolation-induced aggression test, saccharine preference test, and morphine-sensitized hyperlocomotion test. ResultsaaThe immobility time was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by lamotrigine in the tail suspension test and the forced swim test, while lithium caused significant (p<0.05) reduction only in the tail suspension test. Rats exposed to chronic mild stress showed the maximal increment of 1% sucrose consumption at the 3rd week of treatment in both the lithium (p<0.001) and lamotrigine (p<0.01) groups. In the isolation-induced aggression test, the aggressive behaviour of rats was significantly reduced by both lithium [approach (p<0.001), attack (p<0.01), and bite (p<0.01)] and lamotrigine [approach (p<0.001), and attack (p<0.05)]. Neither of the drugs were effective in the saccharine preference test. Only lithium was able to significantly (p<0.05) reduce the crossing parameter in morphine-sensitized rats. ConclusionaaOur study identifies the chronic mild stress test and isolation-induced aggression test of having the highest predictive validity in the depression and mania facets of bipolar disorder, respectively, and should be a part of a battery of tests used to evaluate novel mood stabilizers.

Characterization of a drought stress responsive transcription factor gene OsDREB (Oryza sativa Dehydration Responsive Element Binding protein) 1D in transgenic rice

Seong-Ryong Kim,Manu Kumar,Hyun-Kyung Kim,Sang-Choon Lee 한국육종학회 2012 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2012 No.07

To characterize CBF/DREB1-homologue in rice, nine OsDREB1 genes have been identified and characterized in this lab. Among these, it was shown that OsDREB1D was induced by drought and slightly by cold stress. We found that OsDREB1A, -1D, and -1E could up-regulate OsDhn1:LUC construct in transactivation assay using rice protoplasts. Transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsDREB1D under the maize ubiquitin promoter (Ubi:OsDREB1D) revealed an enhanced stress tolerance to drought. We also generated transgenic rice of OsDREB1D under OsPOX1 promoter (OsPOX1:OsDREB1D), which is cold stress inducible preferentially in the reproductive organs of rice. We are currently examining the mechanism of the enhanced tolerance of the transgenic plants to drought stress using both molecular physiological and biochemical techniques.

Enhancement in the transport and optoelectrical properties of spray coated ZnO thin films by Nd dopant

Manu Srivathsa,Pawan Kumar,Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education,U. K. Goutam 대한금속·재료학회 2023 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.19 No.2

This research work focuses on the influence of Neodymium (Nd) doping (0–10 at.%) on the structural, optical, electrical,and photo-response properties of Zinc Oxide thin films deposited on glass substrates by cost-effective spray pyrolysis technique. For all the deposited films, the X-ray diffraction peaks matched the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO with themaximum intensity along the (1 0 1) plane. Using XRD data, the crystallite size, dislocation density, and micro-strain of thefilms were estimated. Compared to other films, Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm exhibited higher crystallinity ~ 18 nm. At higher dopingconcentrations, a fibrous-granular mixed structure was observed. Above 80 percentage of transparency in the visible regionand bandgap of 3.42 eV was observed for the Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm. The decrease in Urbach energy with increase in the dopingconcentration indicated the improvement in crystallinity. The peaks related to band edge emission, zinc, and oxygen-relateddefects were observed in the photoluminescence analysis also increased band edge emission and lesser defects were observedin the Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm. The highest charge carrier concentration ~ 1.7 × 1017cm−3 and mobility ~ 62.8 cm2/Vs were noticedin of Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm. When exposed to UV light, Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm exhibited the maximum photocurrent ~ 10−4 A. Hencethe Zn0.96Nd0.04Ofilm can be used as a UV photodetector.

Simvastatin sensitizes human gastric cancer xenograft in nude mice to capecitabine by suppressing nuclear factor-κ B-regulated gene products

Manu, K. A.,Shanmugam, M. K.,Li, F.,Chen, L.,Siveen, K. S.,Ahn, K. S.,Kumar, A. P.,Sethi, G. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 Journal of molecular medicine Vol.92 No.3

Beyond Growth: Does Tourism Promote Human Development in India? Evidence from Time Series Analysis

SHARMA, Manu,MOHAPATRA, Geetilaxmi,GIRI, Arun Kumar Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.12

The present study aims to investigate the impact of tourism growth on human development in Indian economy. For this purpose, the study uses annual data from 1980 to 2018 and utilizes two proxies for tourism growth - tourism receipt and tourist arrivals - and uses human development index calculated by UNDP. The study uses control variables such as government expenditure and trade openness. The study employs auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to investigate the cointegrating relationship among the variables in the model. Further, the study also explores the causal nexus between tourism sector and human development by using the Toda-Yamamoto Granger non-causality test. The result of ARDL bounds test reveals the existence of cointegrating relationship between human development indicators, government expenditure, trade openness, and tourism sector growth. The cointegating coefficient confirms a positive and significant relationship between tourism sector growth and human development in India. The causality result suggests that economic growth and tourism have a positive impact while trade openness has a negative impact on human development in India. The major findings of this study suggest that tourism plays an important role in the socio-economic development of Indian economy in recent years and the country must develop this sector to achieve sustainable development.

Broker's Communication for Service Oriented Network Architecture

AP Manu,Bhawana Rudra,Vipin Kumar,OP Vyas 보안공학연구지원센터 2012 International Journal of Future Generation Communi Vol.5 No.4

Extending Application of the 'Hardcore' Definition to Smokeless Tobacco Use: Estimates from a Nationally Representative Population in India and its Implications

Jena, Pratap Kumar,Bandyopadhyay, Chandan,Mathur, Manu Raj,Das, Sagarika Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background: The term 'hardcore' has been applied to use of smoking tobacco and generally referred to as the inability or unwillingness of regular smokers to quit. The component constructs of hardcore except nicotine dependence are product neutral. With the use of 'time to first chew' as a measure of nicotine dependence, hardcore definition can be extended to characterize smokeless tobacco users. Hardcore users respond less to tobacco cessation interventions, and are prone to tobacco induced diseases including cancer. Thus identifying hardcore users would help in estimate the burden of high risk population for tobacco induced diseases. Smokeless tobacco use is predominant and accounts for more than 50% of oral cancer in India. Hence, hardcore chewing information could be used for planning of tobacco and cancer control interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)-India 2010 data were analyzed to quantify hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India with following five criteria: (1) current daily smokeless tobacco use; (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration; (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting; (4) time to first use of smokeless tobacco product within 30 minutes of waking up; and (5) knowledge of smokeless tobacco hazards. Results: The number of hardcore smokeless tobacco users among adult Indians is estimated to be 5% (39.5 million). This group comprises 23.2% of daily smokeless tobacco users. The population prevalence varied from 1.4-9.1% across different national regions of India. Logistic regression modeling indicated age, education and employment status to be the major predictors of hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India. Conclusions: The presence of a huge number (39.5 million) of hardcore smokeless tobacco users is a challenge to tobacco control and cancer prevention in India. There is an unmet need for a universal tobacco cessation programme and intensification of anti-tobacco education in communities.

Gold Nanoparticles Grafted Mesoporous Silica: A Highly Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol

Akansha Mehta,Manu Sharma,Ashish Kumar,Soumen Basu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.9

Synthesis of gold nanoparticles dispersed uniformly on mesoporous silica (mAu/SiO2) by homogeneous deposition–precipitation (HDP) method is used as an effective catalyst for reduction of 4- nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Silica provides support and surface area to increase the catalytic activity of gold. X-ray photon spectroscopy revealed binding energy of Au 4f7/2 (~84.0 eV) and Au 4f5/2 (~87.7 eV) which support the formation of Au0 on SiO2 surface. Au/SiO2 showed Langmuir type-IV isotherms which are the characteristic features of mesoporous materials furthermore, pore size decreases with incorporation of Au NP's on SiO2 surface. The enhancement is due to the strong interaction of Au0 with silica support. The catalytic conversion was studied by UV-Visible spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification method, which shows conversion of nitro group into amino group. In addition, the catalyst was easily separated and reused. The reusability of the catalyst exhibited better reduction of the 4-nitrophenol to 4- aminophenol even after 10 consecutive cycles. In comparison to trisodium citrate capped pure gold nanoparticles mAu/SiO2 catalysts showed very good catalytic activity toward nitrophenol reduction. Here we conclude that embedment of metal catalysts like Au into high surface area support like silica is a positive step toward development of novel heterogeneous catalysts.