Evaluation of coat color inheritance and production performance for crossbreed from Chinese indigenous Chenghua pig crossbred with Berkshire

Li Yujing,Yuan Rong,Gong Zhengyin,Zou Qin,Wang Yifei,Tang Guoqing,Zhu Li,Li Xuewei,Jiang Yanzhi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.10

Objective: This work was to determine coat inheritance and evaluate production performance for crossbred pigs from Berkshire×Chenghua (BC) compared with Chinese indigenous Chenghua (CH) pigs. Methods: The coat color phenotypes were recorded for more than 16,000 pigs, and the genotypes of melanocortin 1 receptor (MCIR) gene were identified by sequencing. The reproductive performance of 927 crossbred BC F4 gilts and 320 purebred CH gilts was recorded. Sixty pigs of each breed were randomly selected at approximately 60 days of age to determine growth performance during fattening period, which lasted for 150 days for BC pigs and 240 days for CH pigs. At the end of the fattening period, 30 pigs of each breed were slaughtered to determine carcass composition and meat quality. Results: The coat color of BC pigs exhibits a “dominant black” hereditary pattern, and all piglets derived from boars or sows genotyped ED1ED1 homozygous for MC1R gene showed a uniform black coat phenotype. The BC F4 gilts displayed a good reproductive performance, showing a higher litter and tear size and were heavier at farrowing litter and at weaning litter than the CH gilts, but they reached puberty later than the CH gilts. BC F4 pigs exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics with a higher average daily live weight gain, lower feed-to-gain ratio, and higher carcass lean meat rate than CH pigs. Like CH pigs, BC F4 pigs produced superior meat-quality characteristics, showing ideal pH and meat-color values, high intramuscular fat content and water-holding capacity, and acceptable musclefiber parameters. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the two breeds, and a remarkably high polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.39 was observed in the BC F4 pigs. Conclusion: The BC F4 pigs exhibit a uniform black coat pattern and acceptable total production performance. Objective: This work was to determine coat inheritance and evaluate production performance for crossbred pigs from Berkshire×Chenghua (BC) compared with Chinese indigenous Chenghua (CH) pigs.Methods: The coat color phenotypes were recorded for more than 16,000 pigs, and the genotypes of melanocortin 1 receptor (MCIR) gene were identified by sequencing. The reproductive performance of 927 crossbred BC F4 gilts and 320 purebred CH gilts was recorded. Sixty pigs of each breed were randomly selected at approximately 60 days of age to determine growth performance during fattening period, which lasted for 150 days for BC pigs and 240 days for CH pigs. At the end of the fattening period, 30 pigs of each breed were slaughtered to determine carcass composition and meat quality.Results: The coat color of BC pigs exhibits a “dominant black” hereditary pattern, and all piglets derived from boars or sows genotyped E^D1E^D1 homozygous for MC1R gene showed a uniform black coat phenotype. The BC F4 gilts displayed a good reproductive performance, showing a higher litter and tear size and were heavier at farrowing litter and at weaning litter than the CH gilts, but they reached puberty later than the CH gilts. BC F4 pigs exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics with a higher average daily live weight gain, lower feed-to-gain ratio, and higher carcass lean meat rate than CH pigs. Like CH pigs, BC F4 pigs produced superior meat-quality characteristics, showing ideal pH and meat-color values, high intramuscular fat content and water-holding capacity, and acceptable musclefiber parameters. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the two breeds, and a remarkably high polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.39 was observed in the BC F4 pigs.Conclusion: The BC F4 pigs exhibit a uniform black coat pattern and acceptable total production performance.

Removal of aqueous vanadium(V) by green synthesized iron nanoparticles supported on corn straw biochar

Kun Rong,Xueping Li,Qian Yang,Ruimin Li,Zaiwang Zhang,Meiling Zou,Huanqiang Zheng,Juanjuan Liu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.120 No.-

Iron nanoparticles supported on corn straw biochar (PE-FeNPs@BC) were used to remove V(V). This materialwas prepared by using Yali pear peel extract-supported iron nanoparticles (PE-FeNPs) as the functionalbody and corn straw biochar (BC) as the support. The synthesis conditions such as Fe/C massratio and synthesis temperature were optimized. The material was characterized by SEM-EDS, FTIR,XRD, and XPS. The results showed that particle agglomeration was reduced, and the dispersion wasimproved after PE-FeNPs were supported on BC. The removal effect was better in the pH range of 2–6,and the removal efficiency was the highest at pH 3.7. At 25 ℃ and pH 3.7, the maximum adsorptioncapacity qm of V(V) was 362.7 mg/g, and 95.1 % of 90 mg/L V(V) was removed. The coexisting NaCl orNaNO3 had a weaker effect on the removal of V(V). The adsorption reactions followed the pseudosecond-order model and Langmuir model, and chemical adsorption was the dominant process. The mainreaction mechanism of PE-FeNPs@BC with V(V) was as follows: adsorbed V5+ was reduced to V4+ by Fe0and Fe2+ and then removed by co-precipitation in the forms of xFe2O3yV2O5zH2O and VO2H2O. Thisstudy promotes the reuse of waste pear peel and can provide an environmentally friendly method forremoving V(V) pollution.

Path Tracking Control of Skid-steered Mobile Robot on the Slope Based on Fuzzy System and Model Predictive Control

Xiao Yue,Jiankui Chen,Yiqun Li,Rong Zou,Zhihao Sun,Xiaochuan Cao,Song Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.4

Skid-steered mobile robots are often used in outdoor exploration due to their robust mechanical structure and high maneuverability. When they track reference path on a slope with boundaries, ensuring the tracking accuracy and stability of the skid-steered mobile robot is the major target. However, the gravity makes the relationship between wheels and ground more complex on the slope, and variational slope angle also makes it difficult for tracking control. The common control methods focus on plane motion, where only the plane forces are taken into account and the gravity is normally ignored. It may lead to some performance limitations such as the accuracy of motion on a slope. To address these problems, a model predictive control strategy combined with a fuzzy system is proposed in this paper, which has considered the dynamics of the body and wheels on the slope. We improved the two dimensional kinematics and dynamics model of the robot, which makes the three dimensional motion control more accurate. And the control method allows the robot to adapt to slopes with different angles and to make the path tracking stable to curvature mutation. Both experiment and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed model and method.

A Study on Resistance to Blast in japonica Rice Breeding

Cheng Huan Cui,De Tang Zou,Rong Tian Li,Tai Quan Qiu 한국육종학회 1997 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.29 No.2

Chinoketides A and B, Two New Antimicrobial Polyketides from the Endophytes of Distylium chinense with the "Black-Box" Co-culture Method

Meng-Meng Lv,Ming-Hui Tan,Li-Wen Lu,Rong-Hua Zhang,Zhi-Yong Guo,Cheng-Xiong Liu,Jin Yang,Kun Zou,Peter Proksch 한국생약학회 2018 Natural Product Sciences Vol.24 No.3

Two new polyketides, chinoketides A and B (1 - 2) with a known compound xylarphthalide A (3), were isolated from the solid medium of the endophytes from the leaves of the relic plant Distylium chinense with the "black-box" co-culture method, and the structures of two new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS and CD spectra. And the absolute configurations of chinoketides A (1) and B (2) were determined as 2R,3R,8S and 5R,6S by calculating their ECD spectra to compare with the experimental CD spectra. Finally, the antimicrobial activities were evaluated to Erwinia carotovora sub sp. Carotovora (Jones) Bersey et al, and the results showed that compounds 1 - 3 displayed the antimicrobial activities with MIC value at 20.5, 30.4 and 10.2 mg/mL.

Novel Phage Display-Derived H5N1-Specific scFvs with Potential Use in Rapid Avian Flu Diagnosis

( Jie Wu ),( Xian Qiao Zeng ),( Hong Bin Zhang ),( Han Zhong Ni ),( Lei Pei ),( Li Rong Zou ),( Li Jun Liang ),( Xin Zhang ),( Jin Yan Lin ),( Chang Wen Ke ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

The highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) viruses of the H5N1 subtype infect poultry and have also been spreading to humans. Although new antiviral drugs and vaccinations can be effective, rapid detection would be more efficient to control the outbreak of infections. In this study, a phage-display library was applied to select antibody fragments for HPAI strain A/Hubei/1/2010. As a result, three clones were selected and sequenced. A hemagglutinin inhibition assay of the three scFvs revealed that none exhibited hemagglutination inhibition activity towards the H5N1 virus, yet they showed a higher binding affinity for several HPAI H5N1 strains compared with other influenza viruses. An ELISA confirmed that the HA protein was the target of the scFvs, and the results of a protein structure simulation showed that all the selected scFvs bound to the HA2 subunit of the HA protein. In conclusion, the three selected scFVs could be useful for developing a specific detection tool for the surveillance of HPAI epidemic strains.