독일기업의 지배구조와 경제적 성과

민경국 한국비교경제학회 2004 비교경제연구 Vol.11 No.1

The objective of this paper is to show the characteristic figures and economic performances of German corporate governance. The first characteristic figure is dual boards system, i.e. the distinction between the management board and supervisory board. The supervisory board is responsible for monitoring the management. The board require management to obtain its approval for certain classes of important decisions. It has heavy impact on the decisions of the management board. The second is the co-determination, which refers to participation of employees/union representatives in entrepreneurial decision-making of the supervisory board. The third characteristics is the governance role of banks as lenders and shareholders, and as members of supervisory board. Moreover, potential of banks to influence on corporate governance emanates from depository voting rights on behalf of their clients. The German governance structure is stakeholder-oriented, reflecting the German peculiar tradition of anti-capitalism. Two groups of stakeholders deserve special attention: Banks, and employee and/or union representatives In this paper I have tried to demonstrate that great power of these stakeholder groups is systematically detrimental to shareholder-value and therefore impedes the development of German capital market. Result of co-determination attenuates the sharehoders's property rights. For employee/union representatives on the supervisory board have great influence on appointment of members of management board and on its important decisions so that shareholders no longer have full control over management in their interests. Banks do not act as shareholders on the supervisory board, but act in their interests as lenders. For this reason alone it can be safely assumed that universal banking exists on paper but not in German banking reality.

프라이브르크 學派의 形成背景과 法經濟學的 思想

閔庚菊 서울大學校經濟硏究所 1998 經濟論集 Vol.37 No.2

이 글의 목적은 양차대전 사이에 독일에서 형성된 프라이브르크 학파의 法經濟學의 형성배경과 그 사상적 특성을 규명함으로써 다른 학파의 법정경제학과 비교할 수 있는 유용한 기초를 마련하는 데 있다. 이 학파의 법경제학은 경제학자인 오이켄과 법학자인 그로스만-되르트와 뵘의 자발적 협력으로부터 생겨난 창조적 결과이다. 이들은 歷史學派와 간섭주의적 경제정책을 극복하고 자유사회를 확립하려고 노력했던 인물들이다. 프라이브르크 학파의 특성은 다음과 같다: (1) 시장의 기능을 위한 制度의 중요성을 강조한다. (2) 경제적 효율성이 아니라 自由를 제일의 사회적 기본가치로 인정한다. (3) 目的合理性에 따른 干涉主義의 결과를 체계적으로 분석했다. 그리고 (4) 경제질서, 정치질서와 그 밖의 사회질서들의 相互依存性을 그리고 각종 정책들의 상호의존성을 강조하고 있다. 이러한 4가지 요소는 특히 주류경제학의 후생경제학과 정연대치되는 요소이다.

퍼지 역문제 알고리즘을 이용한 입력값 수정치 분석에 관한 연구

이승민,성국경 공주영상정보대학 1998 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

퍼지수 요소를 기존의 크리스프형 퍼지관계식에 도입함으로써 「약간」, 「조금더」등과 같은 구간(폭) 표현을 양으로 다루는 것이 가능하고, 정보의 애매성을 적극적으로 활용할 수 있다. 이것에 인해, 퍼지관계식을 공학적인 시스템에 한정하지 않고, 사회 시스템, 의사결정 시스템등과 같은 애매한 요소를 포함한 계통에 쉽게 적용할 수 있다. 또, 복잡한 계산처리를 요구하는 경우에도, 퍼지수의 연산을 크리스프값의 연산으로 치환해서, 기존의 퍼지관계식과 같은 연산방법에 의해서 해를 쉽게 구할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안한 퍼지수 요소를 갖는 퍼지관계식의 해법을 다양한 사례에 적용하여 그 유효성을 검증할 필요가 있다.

서비스 유형과 관여도에 따른 시각적 은유광고의 효과 비교

신종국,박민숙,문민경 釜山 大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 2009 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.28 No.2

워크플로우(WorkFlow) 모델링에 관한 연구

김소연,성국경,이승민 공주영상정보대학 1998 논문집 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구에서는 기존 워크플로우 관리 모형이 구문적이고, 순서적인 표현 방법의 문제점을 해결하고, 비지니스 업무의 특성상 병행적, 분산적, 실시간적, 비동기적으로 발생되는 활동과 시간 인원, 도구, 비용 등 자원을 효과적으로 모형화하는 방법을 제시하기 위한 도구로써 패트리넬을 제시한다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 비지니스 업무의 특성인 프로세스의 불확실성(uncertainty) 활동간의 병행성(parallelism)과 비동기성(asynchronization), 환경의 변화성(evolution) 활동의 추상성(abstraction) 그리고 프로세스간의 협동성(coorperation) 및 분산성(distribution)들을 시각적인 모형으로 가시화(visualization)시키고, 공식화(formalism), 자동화(automation), 정량화(qualification), 수행가능(executability)할 수 있는 분산환경을 위한 워크플로우 관리 모형을 효과적으로 모형화하는 기초 연구로서 본 연구가 활용될 수 있다. 본 연구 결과를 이용해 GUI 환경의 범용 패트리넬 분석기를 개발하여 분석하는 일을 향후 연구 과제로 남겨두었다.

복강경 충수절제술시 함께 시행된 만성 담낭 병변의 동시절제

이안복(Anbok Lee),이정은(Jung Eun Lee),민석기(Seog Ki Min),염차경(Cha Kyung Yum),이현국(Hyeun-Kuk Lee),박재정(Jae Jung Park) 대한외과학회 2010 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.78 No.4

Purpose: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for asymptomatic gallbladder disease has been increasing since 1990 due to the development of LC technique. Moreover, it might be considered when someone with asymptomatic gallbladder disease needs emergency operation due to acute abdomen such as acute appendicitis. The aim of this study is to identify the efficacy of concurrent laparoscopic appendectomy with cholecystectomy. Methods: From January 1997 to June 2009, 40 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with cholecystectomy at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. 40 patients were enrolled in this study. We analyzed, retrospectively, clinical and diagnostic information, time and open conversion rate in operation, length of postoperation hospital stay, and complication rate. Results: The mean age was 44.53±15.34 and male to female ratio was 1 to 1.86. 5% of all patients underwent abdominal surgery and 20% of all patients had associated diseases. Most common associated symptoms and final diagnosis were right lower abdominal pain (72.5%) and simple gallbladder stone (62.5%). Mean operation time was 98.75±33.14 min. and there was no open conversion. Mean length of postoperation hospital stay was 5±2 days. There was one (2.5%) postoperative complication. Conclusion: Combined operation of laparoscopic cholecystectomy during laparoscopic appendectomy can be a good modality for patients with chronic gallbladder disease.

Removal and Growth Inhibition of Red-tide Organisms by Blue-Min Treatment

곽승국,정민경,이언기,조경제,Gwak, Seung-Kuk,Jung, Min-Kyung,Lee, Eun-Ki,Cho, Kyung-Je The Korean Society of Phycology 2004 ALGAE Vol.19 No.1

Blue-Min was initially developed as an adsorbent for harmful gas removal and recently improved to apply to livestock, agriculture and aquaculture as an assistant feed. In the Blue-Min treatment, growth of harmful algae (Cochlodinium polykrikoides and the others causing the red-tide in the ocean) were inhibited below 10% in comparison with control and coagulation removal of harmful alge with Blue-Min treatment was more efficient than that of yellow loess treatment. It would be expected that the Ble-Min can be useful for the extirpator against the red-tide organisms and restrain the toxic algal growth around the fish aquaculture using the assistant feed. Recently, its utility has become to be diverse as it was revealed that aquaculture productivity increase by its application and, in addition, that it improve the water quality or sediment conditions in the aquaculture of Chinese White Shrimp. When Blue-Min was treated with the proper dose, the growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa and lsochrysis galbana, which are typical red-tide organisms in freshwaters and food organisms in aquaculture, respectively, were less than that of marine red-tide organisms, while their growth slightly increased with low concentration treatiment. In addition, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content of I. galbana slightly increase with the Blue-Min treatment. Through our research, the Blue-Min has diverse and comples function against various biological organisms and is proved as a biological activator or depressor.

e-Poster : Hair shaft characterization of seborrheic dermatitis using atomic force microscopy (초)

( Min Kyung Shin ),( Kyung Sook Kim ),( Jae Jun Ahn ),( Hun KuK Park ),( Choong Rim Haw ) 대한피부과학회 2010 초록집 Vol.48 No.20

Botulinum Toxin Type A Attenuates Activation of Glial Cells in Rat Medullary Dorsal Horn with CFA-induced Inflammatory Pain

Min-Ji Kim,Jin-Ho Cho,Hye-Jin Kim,Kui-Ye Yang,Jin-Sook Ju,Min-Kyung Lee,Min-Kyoung Park,Dong-Kuk Ahn 대한구강생물학회 2015 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.40 No.2

The activation of glial cells in the spinal cord has been contribute to the initiation and maintenance of pain facilitation induced by peripheral inflammation and nerve injury. The present study investigated effects of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), injected subcutaneously or intracisternally, on the expression of microglia and astrocytes in rats. Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation was employed as an orofacial chronic inflammatory pain model. A subcutaneous injection of 40 μL CFA into the vibrissa pad was performed under 3% isoflurane anesthesia in SD rats. Immunohistochemical analysis for changes in Iba1 (a microglia marker) and GFAP (an astrocyte marker), were performed 5 days after CFA injection. Subcutaneous injection of CFA produced increases in Iba1 and GFAP expression, in the ipsilateral superficial lamia I and II in the medullary dorsal horn of rats. Subcutaneous treatment with BoNT-A attenuated the up-regulation of Iba1 and GFAP expressions induced by CFA injection. Moreover, intracisternal injection of BoNT-A also attenuated the up-regulated Iba1 and GFAP expressions. These results suggest that the anti-nociceptive action of BoNT-A is mediated by modulation activation of glial cells, including microglia and astrocyte.

Three-dimensional evaluation of the relationship between nasopharyngeal airway shape and adenoid size in children

Kyung-Min Oh,Min-Ah Kim,Jong-Kuk Youn,Hyung-Jun Cho,Yang-Ho Park 대한치과교정학회 2013 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objective: To evaluate the shapes and sizes of nasopharyngeal airways by using cone-beam computed tomography and to assess the relationship between nasopharyngeal airway shape and adenoid hypertrophy in children. Methods: Linear and cross-sectional measurements on frontal and sagittal cross-sections containing the most enlarged adenoids and nasopharyngeal airway volumes were obtained from cone-beam computed tomography scans of 64 healthy children (11.0 ± 1.8 years), and the interrelationships of these measurements were evaluated. Results: On the basis of frontal section images, the subjects’ nasopharyngeal airways were divided into the following 2 types: the broad and long type and the narrow and flat type. The nasopharyngeal airway sizes and volumes were smaller in subjects with narrow and flat airways than in those with broad and long airways (p < 0.01). Children who showed high adenoidnasopharyngeal ratios on sagittal imaging, indicating moderate to severe adenoid hypertrophy, had the narrow and flat type nasopharyngeal airway (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Cone-beam computed tomography is a clinically simple, reliable, and noninvasive tool that can simultaneously visualize the entire structure and a cross section of the nasopharyngeal airway and help in measurement of adenoid size as well as airway volume in children with adenoid hypertrophy.