가토 대퇴정맥에서 헤파린 국소 적용과 혈관냉동이 미세혈관문합부 혈전 형성에 미치는 영향

김지영,오희균,유선열,김선헌 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.2

The effect of topical heparin application and vascular freezing on thrombosis was evaluated in the femoral vein of rabbits. The femoral veins were crushed, incised transverersely and treated by 4 different ways; 1) group 1, heparin treated only, 2) group 2, frozen only, 3) group 3, heparin treated and frozen,4) group 4, treated with saline as control. The patency was evaluated by empty-and-refill test and thrombus formation was judged by stereoscopic and SEM observation. The results obtained were as follows : 1.Thirty minutes after suture, the patency was more improved in the three groups than the control, but there was no significant difference among groups. 2.Three days after suture, the patency was more improved in the three groups than the control, and was prominent in group 1 and group 3 (P<0.05). 3.Significantly reduced thrombus could be seen in most case of group 3. These results suggest that topical application of heparin and vascular freezing is effective in

IT 職業訓練과 經濟的 成果

金鴻均,申一淳,張熙宗 한국국제경제학회 2002 국제경제연구 Vol.8 No.3

본 연구의 목적은 IT직업훈련의 경제적 성과를 측정하는데 있다. 경제적 성과의 측정은 두가지 측면 즉 고용과 임금의 관점에서 행해졌다. 사용된 자료는 1998~1999년의 한국노동패널조사 자료이며 대상은 1차 년도의 실업자 또는 실망실업자 1,877명이다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 취업효과에 있어 IT교육훈련의 질적인 측면의 중요성이 두드러지게 부각되었다. 단순히 IT직업훈련의 유무가 취업에 '음'의 효과를 가지는 것에 비해 6개월 이상 IT직업훈련을 사람은 그렇지 않은 사람에 비해 취업될 확률이 24%나 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 취업효과를 학력별로 살펴볼 경우, 고등학교 이하의 그룹에서는 6개월 이상 교육받은 사람은 그렇지 않은 사람에 비해 취업될 확률이 38% 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 이 수치는 고려된 다른 어떤 변수들보다 높다. 셋째, 취업효과에 비해 IT직업훈련이 임금에 미치는 효과는 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 넷째, 비 IT직업훈련도 마찬가지이지만 특히 IT직업훈련의 경우 공공기관보다 민간기관에서 직업훈련을 받는 것이 또한 타인(정부 혹은 회사)이 비용을 부담하는 것이 취업에 유리한 것으로 나타났다. In this paper, we examined that whether IT job-training affects employment and insures job to pay high salary. This paper reports that all job-training overall affect not only employment but wage premium. even though the effect on wage premium is somewhat weak. In particular, the effect of IT job-training on employment is obvious and get stronger as training period increases in the low-educated group. In the case of the persons to receive IT job-training more than 6 months, the probability to get job is found to be higher by 38% than persons without receiving any other job-training

가토 대퇴정맥에서 헤파린 국소 적용과 혈관냉동이 미세혈관문합부 혈전 형성에 미치는 영향

김지영,오희균,김선헌 전남대학교 치과대학 2000 전남치대논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The effect of topical heparin application and vascular freezing on thrombosis was evaluated in the femoral vein of rabbits. The femoral veins were crushed, incised transversely and treated by 4 different ways; 1) group 1, heparin treated only 2) group 2, frozen only 3) group 3, heparin treated and frozen 4) group 4, treated with saline as control. The patency was evaluated by empty-and-refill test and thrombus formation was judged by stereoscopic and SEM observation, The results obtained were as follows: 1. Thirty minutes after suture, the patency was more improved in the three groups than the control, but there was no significant difference among groups. 2. Three days after suture, the patency was more improved in the three groups than the control, and were prominent in group 1 and group 3(P<0.05). 3. Significantly reduced thrombus could be seen in most case of group 3. These results suggest that topical application of heparin and vascular freezing is effective in reducing thrombus formation in microsurgery of the vein.

장애,비장애인 휠체어 농구선수의 유산소 능력

김성수,이동희,황부근,신말순,배종진,윤진환,지용석,안희구 한국특수체육학회 2002 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyzed the aerobic capacity of disability· able-bodied wheelchair basketball players. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured during graded maximal exercise test. Exercise time, HRpeak, oxygen uptake(VO_2, L·min^-1, ml·min^-1·kg^-1), carbon dioxide production(VCO_2, L·min^-1), ventilation(L·min^-1) were examined in disability national elite male wheelchair basketball at letes(DA, N = 10), able-bodied wheelchair basketball athletes(AA, N = 10). All data were expressed in means and standard deviation. Exercise time, HRpeak, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide production, ventilation were not different between groups. In conclusion, aerobic capacity of disability national elite male wheelchair basketball athletes is the same able-bodied wheelchair basketball athletes. These finding suggest that chronic wheelchair basketball training produce local adaptations in the functional upper body musculature.

극배치에 의한 직류 서보 모터의 위치제어시스템 설계

김태균,양희주,김규로,선양래 慶熙大學校 大學院 1995 高凰論集 Vol.16 No.-

In this paper, the pole placement design theory is applied to position control system of DC servo motor. The DC servo motor is modelled by second order linear time invariant system. We assume that All state variables are measurable and are available for feedback. If the system considered is completely state controllable, then poles of the close-loop system may be placed at any desired locations by means of state feedback through an appropriate state feedback gain matrix K. This design method called the pole placement. Proposed pole placement design has superior performance in unit step response. The pole placement design theory is very useful to drive the position control system of DC servo motor.

인산 부식액의 수세가 교정용 접착레진의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향

김희균,이기수,박영국 대한치과교정학회 1996 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.26 No.5

산부식된 법랑질표면의 오염은 브라켓의 레진 접착력에 영향을 미친다고 보고되어 왔다. 이 연구의 목적은 인산액이 법랑질과 반응하여 수용성염 및 불수용성염을 형성하는 경우와 부식표면이 타액오염된 경우에, 이의 수세시간이 브라켓의 레진접착 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 시행되었다. 치과 교정치료를 목적으로 발거된 총 234개의 상하악 소구치를 대상으로 37% 인산액으로 60초간 부식한 군, 20% 인산액으로 60초간 부식한 군, 37% 인산액으로 60초간 부식하고 타액오염시킨 군으로 나누고, 인산부식군은 각각 0초, 5초, 10초,20초간 수세하고, 타액오염군은 0초, 20초, 30초 수세하거나, 재부식후 5초, 10초, 20초간 수세한후 레진접착제로 브라켓을 접착하였다. 5각군의 법랑질표면을 주사전자현미경과으로 검경하고, 전단결합강도를 측정하여 비교검토한 결과 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1) 산부식후 수세를 하지 않으면 레진접착제의 전단결합강도가 현저히 감소 하였다. 2) 37% 이산부식액으로 부식시키고 5초, 10초 및 20초간 수세한후의 접착레진 전단결합강도 사이에는 차이가 없었다. 3) 20% 인산액으로 부식시키고 5초, 10초 및 20초간 수세한 후의 전단결합강도 사이에는 차이가 없었으나, 5초간 수세후의 전단결합강도는 측정치의 변이가 매우 컸다. 4) 부식후 타액으로 오염된 법랑질 표면은 5초, 20초간 및 30초간 수세후 및 재부식 한 후의 브라켓접착레진의 전단결합강도 사이에 차이가 없었으나, 5초간 수세만한 군의 전단결합강도는 변이가 매우 컸다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 수용성 염이 생성되는 농도의 인산액으로 부식하고 5초간 수세후 불수용성 염이 생성되는 농도는 인산액으로 10초간 수세후에, 그리고 타액오염된 부식표면을 재부식없이 20초간 수세후에 브라켓을 접착하면 임상적으로 유용한 브라켓 접착레진의 전단 결합강도를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 추정된다. The aim of present study in vitro was to evaluate and compare the effects of different washing times of enamels etched with low phosphoric acid solution which makes unsoluble salts and etched but contaminated with saliva on shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive to enamel, and to observe the washing effect on the etched enamel surface by scanning electron microscope. All brackets were bonded with Mono-Lok2 on the labial surface of extracted human bicuspids after etching with 20w/w% and 37w/w% phosphoric acid solution for 60seconds and then washing for 0, 5, 10 and 20seconds respectedly. After etching with 37w/w% phosphoric acid solution and contaminating with saliva for 30seconds and then washing for 0, 5, 20 and 30seconds and re-etching for 10seconds. After 24hours passed in the 37℃ water bath, the shear bond strengths were measured on Universal Test Machine. The data were evaluated and tested by ANOVA and Duncan`s multiple range test, and those results were as follows. 1. There was no significant differences between (P>0.05) shear bond strength of bonded brackets with 5, 10, 20seconds washing etched enamel using 37%w/w% phosphoric acid solution. 2. The shear bond strength of bonded brackets with 20w/w% phosphoric acid and then washing for 5seconds showed bonded strength durable to occlusal force but its coefficiency score was high and etched surface was not cleaned completely and therefore it was assumed that its clinical application is not applicable. 3. There was no significant differences between (P>0.05) shear bond strengths of bonded brckets with washing for 5seconds etched enamel using 37w/w% phosphoric acid solution and 10, 20 seconds washing etched enamel using 20w/w% phosphoric acid solution. 4. The shear bond strength of washing for 5seconds etched enamel which was contaminated with saliva showed sufficient bonded strength durable to occlusal force but its coefficiency score was high and therefore its clinical application was not applicable. 5. After etching, the sample contaminated with saliva showed the sufficient shear bond strength even washing 20seconds without re-etching.

[논문]ZCS를 이용한 간단한 long pulse CO2 레이저 전원

김태균,이임근,김희제 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2004 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.63 No.-

30Torr 이하 저압 공진기에서 ms order의 long pulse duration을 가진 간단한 펄스 CO2 레이저를 구현하였다. 레이저 시스템의 새로운 전원은 직접 상용전원을 스위칭한다. 이 새로운 전원의 방전 회로에는 정류기, 축전용 커패시터, 또는 전류 제한용 저항이 필요하지 않다. 레이저 출력을 제어하기 위해 펄스 반복률을 최대 60Hz까지 조절했고,SCR의 스위칭각은 30°에서 150°까지 변화시켰다. ZCS circuit과 PIC one-chip microprocessor는 SCR 게이트 신호를 제어하기 위해서 사용되었다. 18 Torr 압력,60Hz 의 펄스 반복률,SCR 스위칭각 90°에서 최대 레이저 출력 35 W를 얻었다. 또한 다른 CO2 레이저와 비교해서 long 펄스를 얻을 수 있었고 이는 대략 3ms(FWHM) 였다.

미세혈관문합시 헤파린의 국소 및 전신 투여가 혈전 형성에 미치는 영향

김성열,오희균 전남대학교 치의학연구소 2003 구강과학 Vol.15 No.2

The need of microvascular anastomosis or vascular graft has been increased gradually to reconstruct the maxillofacial defects. Despite advances in microsurgical technique, instrumentation and experience gained in clinical microvascular surgery, thrombosis of small veins may lead to the failure of microvascular surgery. A variety of anticoagulant agents have been used in either experimental or clinical microvascular surgery in order to decrease the failure rate of microvascular anastomosis and to prevent the need of reoperation. Heparin, which has been known to be effective in preventing thrombosis and in improving patency after microvascular anastomosis, is used locally or systematically. However, their effects is controversial. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of topical and intravenous heparin on thrombosis and patency in the microvascular anastomosis of the traumatized veins. Nine white rabbits wishing about 2 kg were used. After exposure of both femoral veins, the veins were crushed by the jaws of smooth needle holder in order to create a thrombosis model. Transectional incision was made in the vein. The animals were then divided into 3 groups based on the administration method of heparin: 1) Experimental Group 1, topical irrigation of lumen with heparin saline solution (n=6); 2) Experimental Group 2, topical irrigation of lumen with heparin saline solution and intravenous injection of heparin (0.75 mg/kg) via the marginal ear vein for 3 days; 3) Control Group. topical irrigation of lumen with saline solution (n=6). The veins were anastomosed utilizing microvascular technique with 10-0 Ethilon. The vascular patency was evaluated with empty-and-refill test 30 minutes and 3 days after microvascular anastomosis. The amount of thrombus was evaulated by surgery microscope 3 days after microvascular anastomosis and histologic findings were observed. The results are as follows: 1. Thirty minutes after microvascular anastomosis, the patency of all Experimental Groups was better than Control group. However, there was no significant difference among groups. 2. Three days after anastomosis, the patency of all Experimental Groups was much more improved than that of Control Group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between Experimental Group 1 and 2. 3. Three days after anastomosis, the amount of thrombus in all Experimental Groups was much less than that of Control Group (p<0.05). 4. In histologic findings a lot of luminal thrombus were observed around sutured area in Control Groups. Few luminal thrombus was observed in all Experimental Groups. Mild necrosis in the vessel wall was observed around sutured area in all specimens. These results indicate that topical irrigation of heparin may improve the patency and inhibit the formation thrombus in the microvascular anastomosis of the traumatized veins.

탈냉전 시대 유엔의 강제적 인권레짐의 형성배경과 실태

정희석,김도균 慶北大學敎 社會科學大學 2005 社會科學 Vol.17 No.-

본 논문에서는 잭 도넬리의 인권레짐 분석을 기초로 탈냉전 시대 유엔의 강제적 인권레짐의 형성배경과 실태에 대해 연구하였다. 잭 도넬리는 『국제인권 : 레짐분석』이라는 논문에서 국제인권레짐을 선언적 레짐, 장려적 레짐, 실행적 레짐, 그리고 강제적 레짐으로 분류하여 서술하고 있다. 그러나 그는 유엔에 의한 강제적인 인권레짐의 형성은 불가능한 것으로 보고 있으며 강제적 인권레짐이 형성되기 위해 「국제적인 의사결정」과 「국제적인 감시체제」가 형성되어야함을 설명하고 있다. 이러한 분석의 기준에 덧붙여 본 논문에서는 「국가주권에 대한 제한」 및 「국제법의 주체로 인식된 개인」을 강제적 인권레짐이 형성될 수 있는 기준으로 설정하고 그 시대적인 요인을 네 가지로 분석했다. 첫째, 구 소련과 구 동구권 공산국가들, 그리고 제 3세계 국가들의 민주화의 실패로 야기된 대규모 인권침해사태, 둘째, 세계화의 확대에 따른 정치적, 경제적, 사회적 측면에서의 인권침해 현상, 셋째, 저강도 분쟁으로 불리는 새로운 국제분쟁의 유형과 국내분쟁의 급증으로 인한 집단학살이나 대규모 살육과 같은 인권침해사태의 증가, 마지막으로, 인간안보를 중심으로 새롭게 대두된 신안보개념의 등장 등이 유엔에 의한 강제적 인권레짐의 가능성을 담보해낼 시대적인 요인이라고 보았다. 이러한 현실적인 유엔의 강제적 인권레짐 실태로는 심각한 인권침해를 저지르는 국가에 대한 유엔안보리의 인도주의적인 군사적 · 경제적 제재조치, 인도주의적인 관점에서 탈냉전 시대 변화해 가는 유엔의 평화유지활동, 전 세계적인 감시체제를 가동하면서 유엔의 인권정책을 통합한 유엔 인권고등판문관 활동, 그리고 심각한 인권침해를 저지른 각 국의 개인범죄자들을 처벌할 수 있는 국제형사재판소 활동 등을 들 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to analyze on the background and the realities of the United Nations' enforcement regime for human rights in post-cold war era. In 1986, Jack Donnelly presented the most prominent paper in the international human rights field called "International Human Right : A Regime Analysis." In the paper, he regarded international human rights activities as human rights regime and arranged the international human rights regime into four categories, declaratory regime, promotional regime, implementation regime, and enforcement regime. There are two major problems in his international human rights regime analysis. First of all, he insists that enforcement regime would be hard to be realized in the international society because of nation states sovereignty. Secondly. he ignores the important role of human rights Non-Government Organizations at the level of international politics. Because of the date of his thesis, he couldn't focus on human rights regime in the post-cold war era. This thesis gives the major reasons for the United Nations' enforcement regime for human rights. Why is United Nations' enforcement regime for human rights necessary in the world? First, the side-effect of democratization is more serious human rights violations in former Soviet Union and the Third World. Second, globalization has had a negative effect on human rights on the political, economic, and social level. Third, low-intensity conflict throughout the world has caused more death and injury than it did during the cold war and civil was has also broken out more frequently than interstate conflict since cold war. This means the United Nations peace-keeping operations have suddenly had to increase due to the increase of low-intensity conflict or civil war. Finally, a new security concept has replaced the traditional security concept. It mainly focuses on human security including social, economic, environmental security. This thesis mainly presents four major categories of the United Nations' human rights enforcement regime. These are the United Nations Security Council, the United Nations Peace-keeping Operations, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, and the United Nations International Criminal Courts.

쥐의 피아조직에서 Nitionl과 Stainless steel의 삽입으로 인한 조직반응에 대한 비교 연구

나춘균,강상균,박희주,김의한 순천향대학교 1994 논문집 Vol.17 No.2

An experimental study was carried out to compare the tissue reaction of nitinol with that of stainless steel. 0.5cm, 27 nitinol wires(A group) and 0.5cm, 27 stainless steel wires(B group) were inserted into the beneath back skin of each 54 white rat and examined for 8 weeks. 3, 5, 7, 10 days, and 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after the insertion, 6 rats(3 nitinolinserted rats and 3 stainless steel-inserted rats) were sacrificed and examined to make emphasis on such microscopic points as 1) vascular proliferation 2) type of infiltrated inflammatory cells, 3) proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen 4) the thickness of the membrane surrounding implants and 5) epidermal growth factor reactivity. As a result, the vascular proliferation and fibroblastic and collagen proliferation appeared to be somewhat earlier in the A group than in B group and the thickness of membrane was slight thicker in A group than in B group at an early stage. However, the infiltrated inflammatory cells showed no difference between both A and B groups. The above findings suggested that formation of the granultion tissue appeared somewhat earlier in the A group, but there were no significant meanings on microscopic grounds between them. Insertion in both A and B groups reflected the most intense reactivity of EFG after 3-5 days. The results that the reactivity of EGF was more intense at the periphery of the membrane after 2-3 weeks in bath A and B group were given in that the production of fibroblasts and collagen were revealed chiefly at the periphery of the membrane adjacent to nitinol and stainless steel.