비글개에서 신원방우황청심원의 급성 및 아급성독성시험

성하정,권오경,방명주,곽형일,이진영,신대희,박대규,정규혁,윤효인,조명행 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

Single and 4 weeks oral administration of New wonbangwoohwangchungsimwon (NSCH) which was used l-muscone as substitutive material of musk, to beagle dogs of both sexes were performed to investigate both acute and subacute toxicity. Beagle dogs (3 males and 3 females) in acute experiments were administered orally with sinlge dose of 2,000 ㎎/㎏ and groups of 9 male and 9 female beagle dogs in subacute experiments were given daily different dosage of NSCH, 160 ㎎/㎏/day (low dosage group), 400 ㎎/㎏/day (middle dosage group), 1,000 ㎎/㎏/day (high dosage group) once a day for 4 weeks by oral route according to the Established Regulation of Korea Food and Drug Administration (1996. 4. 16). LD_50 value for beagle dogs was more than 2,000 ㎎/㎏ per oral for both male and females. In animals administered with NSCH, there were neither dead animals nor significant changes of body weights. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in clinical sign, urinalysis, eye examination, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weight and other fingings. No histological lesions were observed in both control and treatment groups. Above data strongly suggset that NSCH in beagle dogs is considered to be safe.

골절 및 탈구 없는 경추손상의 치료

성경훈,김상진,강재규,도종웅 대한신경외과학회 1989 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.18 No.7-12

The authors analized the 98 cases of cervical spine injuries without fracture or dislocation by hyperflexion/hyperextension of the neck. The peak incidence of the age was in the second to fourth decades(69.4%). There was a male preponderance with a sex ratio of 1.8:1. Sources of trauma were motor vehicle accident, object falling on and motorcycle accident in the order of frequency. The common mechanisms of injury were flexion-extension, extension and flexion injury in the order of frequency. There were 10 cases of cervical cord injury without fracture or dislocation and operative management was given in 6 cases of them. The most common preexisting desease was congenital cervical stenosis. Surgical modality such as laminectomy, laminoplasty and anterior decompressive procedure made them improved. The authors discuss the mechanism of injury and surgical management of the patients with cervical cord injury in the abscence of concomittent fracture or dislocation.

원위 전대뇌동맥류의 외과적 치료

성경훈,도종웅,강재규,김기욱 대한신경외과학회 1990 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.19 No.6

The authors described a more different type of aneurysms in the distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA), which is difficult to approach surgically. There are anomalies of distal anterior cerebral artery in about one fourth and narrow space, which made more careful surgical dissection. We experienced 7 cases of DACA aneurysm, 6 cases of which were treated surgically through the interhemispheric approach via the unilateral frontal paramedian craniotomy on the non-dominant side. Surgical results were anatomical complexities, modem microsurgical technique aided by microscope make the approach more exactly and safely.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

다발성 흉추간판탈출증 : 2례 증례보고 Report of 2 Cases

김상진,성경훈,강재규,도종웅 대한신경외과학회 1990 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.19 No.1

The authors describe 2 cases of multiple thoracic disc herniations in the level of T5∼6, T6∼7, T7∼8 and T8∼9, T9∼10, T10∼11. Thoracic disc herniation is rare and occurs in less than 4% of all disc diseases. Moreover, multiple thoracic disc herniation is very rare and only 7 cases were reported in the literatures, which occured at two levels in 6 cases and five levels in one case. The lesions were determined by thoracic CT myelogram and MRI study. A microsurgical posterolateral approach made them curative. Surgical instruments such as downbite currette and surgical microscope were essential for successful treatment.

주치의 중심의 통합적인 입원환자 집단정신치료 모델

윤성철,이후경,함웅,이규항 大韓神經精神醫學會 1997 신경정신의학 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 주치의 중심의 집단정신치료 모델을 소개하고, 이 모델의 시행과정에서 나타난 특징을 분석하며, 집단치료를 쉽게 적용하여 효과적으로 입원환자 치료를 할 수 있는 계기를 마련하려는 목적으로 이루어졌다. 본 모델의 집단치료를 최근 6개월간 25명의 입원환자를 대상으로 시행해 보고 각종 검사들을 통해 본 모델을 평가하였다. 또한 본 모델에 대한 총체적인 분석을 하여 전체적인 이해에 도움을 얻고자 하였다. 본 모델의 집단치료에 대한 객관적 자료의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 본 모델의 집단치료는 전체적으로 환자의 증상호전에 도움이 되었으며, 환자들은 집단치료를 중요하고 유익한 것으로 평가하였다. 2) 치료요인 중 치료자와의 동일시가 상위 순위를 차지하였다. 이는 치료자 자신이 치료의 중요한 도구가 됨을 의미한다. 그러므로 치료자와 환자의 관계를 통해 치료가 이루어지며, 치료자의 인격이 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 3) 상위기능집단과 하위기능집단의 치료요인에는 많은 차이가 있었으며, 다양한 치료요인을 상호보완적으로 이용할 수 있었다. 4) 13가지 치료요인에 대한 반복적인 검사는, 인지행동치료 이론 중 자기교화훈련 (self-instructive training)과 같이 자연스럽게 치료요인을 익히게 하였고, 가장 중요한 사건에 대한 설문지는 일기와 마찬가지로 자기성찰의 기회를 제공하였다. 본 모델의 집단 치료에 대한 총체적인 분석의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 집단치료는 치료자와 환자의 인간적인 만남의 장을 제공하였다. 2) 본 모델의 집단치료는 치료자가 전체적으로 운영하기 쉬웠고, 종합적인 치료적 접근을 하는데 도움이 되었다. 3) 집단치료를 통해 병에 대한 인식을 증진시키고 치료의 동기를 부여하여 퇴원후 외래치료나 낮병원치료를 지속할 수 있는 기반을 마련하였고, 심리적 심성의 배양, 의사소통 능력의 향상, 감정을 경험할 수 있는 능력의 향상 등을 통해 외래집단치료나 개인정신치료를 할 수 있는 기반을 마련하게 되었다. 4) 본 모델의 집단치료는 사회사업가, 간호사, 실습학생 등을 보조자아(auxiliary ego)를 활용하여 건강한 자아(healthy ego)의 역할을 담당하게 함으로써 치료를 활성화하였다. 5) 집단치료를, 전공의 및 의과대학생의 교육과 사회 사업가 및 타과학생들의 교육에 실제적이고도 효과적인 도구로 사용하였다. Objects : The purpose of this study was to present a model of inpatient group psychotherapy led by a doctor in charge, to evaluate this model in practice, and to give a effective inpatient treatment by application of this model. Methods : The subject composed of 25 psychiatric inpatient. The authors performed this model of group psychotherapy for 6 months and evaluate this model by objective data. Also we analyzed this model globally to get comprehensive understandings. Results : The results of the objective data were as follows : 1) This model was effective to subside patients' symptoms. And the patients estimated this model to be important and helpful to them. 2) Identification with therapist' among therapeutic factors was high rank. This meant that therapist him- or her-self is a important tool for therapy. 3) Therapeutic factors in upper level group was much different from those in lower level group. And various therapeutic factors was used complementarily between two groups. 4) to check '13 therapeutic factors' repeatedly made the patients acquire therapeutic factors spontaneously. And to check 'the most important event' repeatedly gave the opportunity of self-reflection. The results of global analysis to this model were as follows: 1) This group psychotherapy gave a field in which a therapist met patients as human being. 2) This model was easy to perform, and helpful to comprehensive therapeutic approach. 3) This model was able to make the basis of continuous outpatient and day hospital treatment, and the basis of outpatient group psychotherapy or individual psychotherapy. 4) In this model, social workers, nurses, or students in practice played a role of the healthy ego. Therefore they were able to activate group psychotherapy. 5) This model was a practical and useful tool of the education for psychiatric residents, medical students, social works, and other students. Conclusion : This model of group psychotherapy was useful for inpatient treatment and easy to perform in general.

고등학교 야구선수들의 경쟁상태불안에 관한 연구

김상규,김성문,김경석,권판근 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

The Purpose of this study is to investigate the surbordinate elements of the competition state anxiety-cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, and state self-confidence- before the game according to their grades, positions and rols, and to present some useful guiding principles of effective coaching and the basic data of conduct guide to improve the performance ability and control competition anxiety of high school baseball players. A total of 410 high school baseball player who participated in the 57th Chungryonggi National High School Baseball Tournament(2002. 5. 1-5. 8) took part in the CSAI-Ⅱ. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. Result were as followings: First, in the analysis of the competition state anxiety according to the grade, there isn't any significant difference in the somatic state anxiety statistically. However, there are significant difference in the cognitive state anxiety and state self-confidence statistically (p<.05). Second, in the analysis of the competition state anxiety according to the position, there isn't any significant difference in the cognitive state anxiety and state self-confidence statistically(p<.05). Third, in the analysis of the competition state anxiety according to the game performance ability, there isn't any significant difference in the cognitive state anxiety and somatic state anxiety statistically. However, there are significant difference in the state self-confidence statistically(p<.001). Forth, in the analysis of the competition state anxiety according to the roles, there isn't any significant difference in the cognitive state anxiety, somatic state anxiety, and state self-confidence statistically.

정신병환자에서 집단정신치료와 싸이코드라마의 치료요인 비교

윤성철,이후경,정인과,이규항,함 웅,차정화 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.3

목 적 : 본 연구에서는 정신병환자를 대상으로 실시한 집단정신치료와 싸이코드라마에 작용하는 치료요인을 조사하여, 그 치료적 특성들을 비교하기 위한 목적으로 이루어졌다. 방 법 : 1996년 9월부터 1997년 5월까지 낮병원에 참여한 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대상자는 총 35명의 정신병환자로 남자 22명, 여자 13명이었다. 동일한 낮병원 환자들에게 집단정신치료와 싸이코 드라마를 각각 시행한 후, 13가지 치료요인 척도를 사용하여 집단정신치료의 구성원, 싸이코드라마의 주인공, 싸이코드라마의 관객에 작용하는 치료요인의 순위를 각각 조사하였다. 이 세 집단을 모두 상위기능 집단과 하위기능집단으로 나누어 치료요인을 비교하였다. 상위와 하위기능집단은 낮 병동에서의 생활, 치료 프로그램에 참여하였을 때의 태도, 치료자와 면담하였을 때의 모습을 기준으로 하여 낮병원 치료팀 모임에서 치료자들의 합의에 의해 결정하였다. 각각의 치료 요인은 평균점수를 산출하여 치료 요인의 순위를 매겼으며, 이 순위에 의해 집단정신치료, 싸이코드라마의 주인공, 싸이코드라마의 관객에 작용하는 치료요인의 특징을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 본 연구에서 나타난 치료요인에 대한 특정적인 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 싸이코드라마에서 주인공은 기능수준에 관계없이 모두 “카타르시스”와 “일차 가족 집단의 교정적 감정 경험”을 매우 중시하였다. 2) 싸이코드라마에서 주인공은 상위기능집단의 경우 “치료자의 조언”을 하위기능집단의 경우 “구성원의 조언”을 중시하였다. 3) 싸이코드라마에서 관객은 기능수준에 관계없이 모두 “치료자와의 동일시” 와 “구성원과의 동일시”를 매우 중시하였으며, 또한 보편성을 중시하였다. 4) 상위기능집단의 경우 집단정신치료 싸이코드라마의 관객 및 주인공에서 “대인관계학습”을 중시하였으며, 특히 집단정신치료에서 “대인관계학습”을 매우 중시하였다. 5) 하위기능집단에서 싸이코드라마의 주인공과 집단정신치료에서 모두 “사회화 기술의 발달”을 중시하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구의 결과를 종합하여 다음과 같이 제안할 수 있다. 먼저 집단정신치료나 싸이코드라마를 환자에게 시행할 때 치료자가 치료요인을 고려하여 치료를 진행하는 것이 효과적일 것으로 생각된다. 다음으로 집단정신치료와 싸이코드라마는 모두 동일하게 중요한 치료법으로 실제 임상에서 널리 이용하는 바람직한 것으로 생각된다. 마지막으로 집단정신치료와 싸이코드라마의 기법을 서로 혼합하여 사용한다면 매우 효과적인 치료법이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Objective : This study was performed to investigate the therapeutic factors of group psychotherapy and psychodrama which were applied to psychotic patients, and to compare the therapeutic characteristics of two therapies. Methods : The subjects of this study were patients of a day hospital from September 1996 to May 1997. The subjects were composed of 35 psychotic patients(22 males, 13 females). Both of group psychotherapy and psychodrama were done to the patients of the day hospital. After these therapeutic factors were checked by the members of group psychotherapy, the protagonists of psychodrama, and the audience of psychodrama using 13 therapeutic factors scale. All three groups divided into higher functioning group and lower functioning group by mutual consent of the therapists in the treatment team meeting according to the patient's life of the day hospital, the attitude in programs, and the state during the interview with the therapist. And then therapeutic factors of higher and lower functioning group were compared. By the mean score of each therapeutic factor the rank of therapeutic factors was decided. By these ranks we compared the important therapeutic factors on the members of group psychotherapy, the protagonists, and the audience. Results : The results were as follows : 1) The protagonists of psychodrama set a very high value on “catharsis” and “the corrective recapitulation of the primary family group”, regardless of their functional level. 2) The protagonists with a higher function set a higher value on “guidance of therapists”, while those who had a lower function set a higher value on “guidance of members”. 3) The audience of psychodrama set a very high value on “identification with therapists”, “identification with members”, and set a high value on “universality”. 4) The higher functioning group of the group psychotherapy, the audience, and the protagonists set a high value on “interpersonal learning”, especially the patients of group psychotherapy set a very high value on “interpersonal learning”. 5) The lower functioning group of the protagonists and the group psychotherapy set a high value on “development of socializing techniques”. Conclusion : From the results of this study, we can draw some suggestions. First, if therapists take the above-mentioned therapeutic factors into consideration during the sessions of group psychotherapy or psychodrama, they can obtain more effective therapeutic outcome. Second, it is desirable that both group psychotherapy and psychodrama should be used more extensively as important methods of treatment in clinical settings. Third, the combination group psychotherapy and psychodrama would be more effective than the separate application of each therapy.

타가메트정 400㎎에 대한 신일시메티딘정 400㎎의 생물학적동등성시험

윤미경,이병무,이성재,김선규,이재휘,최영욱 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.6

Cimetidine is a histamine H₂-receptor antagonist, used for the treatment of endoscopically or radiographically comfirmed duodenal ulcer. pathologic GI hypersecretory conditions. and active, benign and gastric ulcer. Simple method for determining cimetidine in human plasma has been developed and validated. The analytical procedure for cimetidine showed a linear relationship in the concentration ranges from 0.05 to 5 pg/ml. Coefficient of variance (CV, ° o) for intraday and interdav validation and relative error (RE. ° o) were less than ±150 o. Based on this analytical method. the bioequivalence of two cimetidine 400 mg tablets, reference (Tagamet 400 mg) and test drug (Sinil CIMETIDINE 400 mg) was evaluated according to the guidelines set by the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Release of cimetidine from the tablets in vitro was tested using KP VIII Apparatus II with various dissolution media (pH 1.2. 4.0. 6.8 butter solutions and water). Twenty-four healthy volunteers. 21.38±1.86 years in age and 68.71±8.68 kg in bode weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized 2x2 cross-over study was performed. After oral administration of a tablet containing 400 mg of cimetidine. blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and concentrations of cimetidine in plasma were determined using HPLC equipped with UV detector. The dissolution profiles of the two tablet formulations were very similar at all dissolution media. In addition. pharmacokinetic parameters such as AUC, and C_(max) were calculated and ANOVA was employed for the statistical analysis of parameters. The results were revealed that the diterences in AUCf and Cma, between the two tablets were 4.17% and 0.97% respectively. At 90% confidence intervals. the differences in these parameters were also within ± 20° o. All of the above mentioned parameters have met the criteria of KFDA guidelines for bioequivalence, indicating that the test drug tablet (Sinil CIMETIDINE tablet) is bioequivalent to Tagamet 400 mg tablet.

입원환자를 대상으로 한 대집단 싸이코드라마의 치료요인 연구

이후경,김선재,윤성철,이규항,홍향희,함웅 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 본 연구는 개인정신치료와 집단정신치료의 훈련을 받은 정신과 의사라면 누구든지 쉽게 이용할 수 있는 우리나라 입원환자에게 적합한 대집단 싸이코드라마의 모델을 개발하고, 이를 입원환자에게 적용한 후 치료요인을 조사하여, 입원환자 치료에 도움이 되고자 하는 목적으로 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구는 1998년 3월부터 1998년 9월까지 계요병원 입원환자 싸이코드라마에 참가한 모든 환자들과, 보조자아로 참석한 모든 치료팀을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자는 환자가 346명(남자 152명, 여자 194명)이었고, 치료팀은 총 60명이었다. 환자에게는 13가지 치료요인 척도, 싸이코드라마에 대한 일반적인 태도 척도, 도움이 되었던 점에 대해 기술하도록 한 설문지를 사용하였으며, 치료팀에게는 13가지 치료요인과 환자에게 도움이 되었던 점에 대해 기술하도록 한 설문지를 사용하였다. 환자집단은 관객, 보조자아의 역할을 한 환자, 공유(sharing)시간에 참여한 환자, 주인공으로 나누어 치료요인을 비교하였다. 결 과 : 먼저, 환자의 관점에서 본 치료요인은 다음과 같다. 1) 싸이코드라마에서의 역할에 관계없이 거의 대부분의 환자집단에서 실존적 인지와 일차가족집단의 교정적 감정경험을 매우 중시하였다. 2) 주인공, 보조자아의 역할을 한 환자, 공유시간에 참여한 환자와 같이 어떤 형태로든 싸이코드라마에 직접적으로 참여한 환자들은 사회화 기술의 발달을 중시하였으며, 보다 직접적인 형태인 행동으로 참가한 주인공이나 보조자아의 경우 카타르시스를 중시하였다. 3) 주인공을 제외한 모든 환자들은 희망의 고취를 중시하였다. 4) 관객의 경우 치료자와 환자에 대한 동일시와 보편성을 중시하였다. 환자와의 동일시는 공유에 참가한 환자의 경우 특히 중시하였고, 보편성은 보조자아로 참가한 환자의 경우 또한 중시하였다. 다음으로 치료팀이 평가한 치료요인을 환자들이 평가한 치료요인과 비교하면, 치료팀은 환자들보다 집단응집력을 더 중시하였으며, 반면 환자들이 중시한 사회화 기술의 발달과 치료자나 환자에 대한 동일시는 매우 낮게 평가하였다. 결 론 : 환자들의 역할에 따라 세분화하여 조사한 치료요인을 통해 입원환자 대집단 싸이코드라마의 특성과 환자의 역할에 따른 치료요인의 특성을 파악할 수 있었다. 본 모델은 입원환자 치료에 쉽게 적용될 수 있었으며, 전체적으로 많은 환자들에게 도움이 되었다. Objectives : This study was performed to make a model of large group psychodrama suitable for Korean inpatients and easy for psychiatrists trained in the individual psychotherapy and the group psychotherapy to use, to investigate the therapeutic factors after applying this model to inpatients, and then to contribute to the treatment of inpatients. Methods : The study subjects were all the inpatients and the therapists(the auxiliary ego's) who participated in psychodrama from March 1998 to September 1998. The subjects were composed of 346 inpatients (152 males, 194 female) and 60 therapists. To the inpatients 13-Therapeutic Factors Scale, Scale of General Attitude to Psychodrama, and the Questionnaire describing helpful things in psychodrama were administerd. To the therapists 13-Therapeutic Factors Scale and the Questionnaire describing helpful things in psychodrama were administered. The inpatient group were divided into 4 groups(the audience, the auxiliary ego's, the participants in sharing, the protagonists). The therapeutic factors among 4 groups were compared. Results : First, the therapeutic factors described by the inpatients group were as follows : 1) Most inpatients made great account of ‘existential factor’ and ‘the corrective recapitulation of the primary family group’ regardless of their roles in psychodrama. 2) The inpatients who participated in psychodrama directly as the protagonists, the auxiliary ego's, or the participants in sharing made much account of ‘development of socializing techniques’. The inpatients who participated in psychodrama more directly as the protagonists or the auxiliary ego's made much account of ‘catharsis’. 3) All the inpatients except the protagonists made much account of ‘instillation of hope’. 4) The audience made much account of 'identification' and 'universality'. Especially,'identification with members' was much accounted of by the participants in sharing. ‘Universality’ also was much accounted of by the auxiliary ego's. Next, when we compared the therapeutic factors in the inpatient group with those in the therapist group, the therapist group made much account of ‘group cohesiveness’ which the inpatient group made little account of. And the therapist group made no account of ‘development of socializing techniques’which the inpatient group made much account of. Conclusion : By dividing the inpatient group according to their roles, we found the characteristics of the inpatient large group psychodrama and of the therapeutic factors according to the roles of the inpatients. This model could be applied to the treatment for the inpatients easily and was helpful to many inpatients on the whole.