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권준오,김영곤,김경우 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1998 建設技術硏究 Vol.18 No.1
Since the globalization has been emphasized as one of the major policy goals of the government from 1980s, the political change of the end of cold war age has required a new international order. We have experienced the rapid economic growth and urbanization for the fast 30 years, but in the reality that the people's awareness of crisis for the changes of the recent international political and economic order and the age of localization comes in domestic condition, we have not enough time to equip with self-supporting power and the mature consciousness. Moreover, the flexible attitude that can define two urgent tasks by two wheels connected to an axis rather than consider them as the separate problems is required. Therefore, this study is to suggest what strategies the local cities under the condition that opportunity and crisis, and advantage and disadvantage coexist should develop for the globalization and how the roles of public sectors which have performed many roles as the subject of the development should be progressed in the developmental process of local cities, and then it is to help develop the globalization related projects of local cities effectively.
( Su Young Kim ),( Kyong Yong Oh ),( Jun-won Chung ),( Yoon Jae Kim ),( Kyoung Oh Kim ),( Kwang An Kwon ),( Dong Kyun Park ),( Kyoung Kon Kim ),( Seong Min Kim ) 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.4
Background/Aims: The use of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is increasing proportionally with the obesity epidemic. However, some postoperative complications have been highlighted as major problems associated with LAGB. There is no consensus concerning the endoscopic management of these adverse events. The aim of this study was to retrospectively review the feasibility and effectiveness of endoscopic treatment for LAGB complications. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 352 patients who underwent LAGB between 2011 and 2015. LAGB-associated complications developed in 26 patients (7.4%). This study involved six patients (1.7%) who received endoscopic treatment. Results: Types of LAGB-induced complications in our series included intragastric migration (n=3), gastric leaks (n=2), and gastric fistulas (n=1). The endoscopic treatment of these complications was successful in four of the six patients. Endoscopic band removal was successful in two patients. All gastric leaks were successfully closed via an endoscopic procedure. In two cases (intragastric migration and gastric fistula), endoscopic treatment was not sufficient, and surgery was performed. Conclusions: Endoscopic procedures afforded acceptable treatment of band migration and gastric leaks after LAGB. However, the results were poor in patients with gastric fistula. (Gut Liver 2017;11:497-503)
Kim, Yu-Ri,Kim, In-Kyoung,Seo, Sang-Hui,Lee, Seung-Ho,Lee, Hee-Ra,Pie, Jae-Eun,Kim, Meyoung-Kon The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2010 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.6 No.4
The increasing prevalence and severity of environmental diseases have been attributed the rise in environmental pollutants occurring as a consequence of industrial development. In this study, we examined that underlying mechanisms of toluene in human lung epithelial cells. We selected two genes known to be involved in environmental disease such as RANTES and eotaxin for the present study based on published reports and prior observation. We observed that toluene increased the mRNA and protein levels of RANTES and eotaxin in a dose-dependent manner, together with the activation of p38 MAPK and JNK. Moreover, the inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK activation prevented the release of RANTES and eotaxin induced by toluene. The present study is the first to show that toluene exposure induces the expression of RANTES and eotaxin in human bronchial epithelial cells through two distinct MAPKs such as p38 and JNK. Our observations suggest that modulation of the expression of immunerelated chemokines and cytokines may be important factors in development of environmental diseases induced by air pollutants.
Kim, Sung-Han,Chu, Kon,Choi, Su-Jin,Song, Kyoung-Ho,Kim, Hong-Bin,Kim, Nam-Joong,Park, Seong-Ho,Yoon, Byung-Woo,Oh, Myoung-don,Choe, Kang-Won American Society for Microbiology 2008 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.15 No.9
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>In active tuberculosis (TB), <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I>-specific T cells are compartmentalized more to the site of infection than to the circulating blood. Therefore, an <I>M. tuberculosis</I>-specific enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay with samples from the site of infection may permit a more sensitive or specific diagnosis of active central nervous system (CNS) TB than that achieved by the assay with blood alone. Therefore, we prospectively evaluated the usefulness of circulating and compartmentalized mononuclear cell (MC; i.e., peripheral blood mononuclear cell [PBMC] and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] MC)-based ELISPOT assays (i.e., the T-SPOT.TB test) for the diagnosis of active TB in patients with suspected CNS TB. The clinical categories of CNS TB were classified as described previously (G. E. Thwaites, T. T. Chau, K. Stepniewska, N. H. Phu, L. V. Chuong, D. X. Sinh, N. J. White, C. M. Parry, and J. J. Farrar, Lancet 360:1287-1292, 2002). Thirty-seven patients with suspected CNS TB were enrolled over a 12-month period. Of these, 31 (84%) showed clinical manifestations of suspected TB meningitis and 6 (16%) gave indications of intracranial tuberculoma with disseminated TB. The final clinical categories of the 37 patients with suspected CNS TB were as follows: 12 (32%) were classified as having CNS TB (7 with confirmed TB, 3 with probable TB, and 2 with possible TB) and 25 (68%) were classified as not having active TB. The sensitivity and specificity of the PBMC ELISPOT assay were 91% (95% confidence interval [CI], 59% to 100%) and 63% (95% CI, 41% to 81%), respectively. By comparison, the sensitivity and specificity of the CSF MC ELISPOT assay were 75% (95% CI, 19% to 99%) and 75% (95% CI, 43% to 95%), respectively. When the ratio of the CSF MC ELISPOT assay results to the PBMC ELISPOT results was 2 or more, the sensitivity and specificity were 50% (95% CI, 7% to 93%) and 100% (95% CI, 74% to 100%), respectively. The ELISPOT assay with PBMCs and CSF MCs is a useful adjunct to the current tests for the diagnosis of CNS TB.</P>