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유치원 교사의 변인에 따른 음악적 개념 인식 및 이해수준과 음악적 개념에 대한 자기인식과 실제이해의 차이
권수현(Kwon Su-hyun),박선미(Park Seon Mi) 한국육아지원학회 2013 육아지원연구 Vol.8 No.2
본 연구는 유치원 교사의 변인에 따른 음악적 개념에 대한 자기 인식과 실제 이해를 살펴보고 자기 인식과 실제 이해의 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울시 소재의 유치원 교사 302명이며, Kim, Lee, Kwon과 Park(2011)의 유아교사 음악적 개념 실제 이해 측정 도구를 사용하여 자료를 수집 하였다. 첫째, 유치원 교사의 개인적 변인에 따라 음악적 개념에 대한 자기인식 정도에 차이가 있는가 를 살펴본 결과, 경력이 4년 이상 8년 미만이고, 교육정도가 대학원 이상이며, 음악관련 현직교육을 수 강한 경험이 있고, 양성과정에서 음악관련 수업을 들었고, 음악을 매우 즐기고, 악기교육을 4년 이상 받 은 경험이 있는 경우 자신이 음악적 개념에 대해 잘 알고 있다고 인식하는 정도가 높았다. 둘째, 유치 원 교사의 개인적 변인에 따라 음악적 개념에 대한 실제이해 정도에 차이가 있는가를 살펴본 결과, 경 력이 8년 이상이고, 교육정도가 대학원 이상이며, 근무기관이 국․공립 유치원이고, 음악관련 현직교육 을 수강한 경험이 있으며, 양성과정에서 음악관련 수업을 들었고, 악기교육을 4년 이상 받은 경험이 있 는 경우에 음악적 개념에 대한 실제이해가 높았다. 셋째, 유치원 교사의 음악적 개념에 대한 자기인식 과 실제이해에는 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 자신이 알고 있다고 생각하는 것과 실제로 아는 것은 다르다는 것을 의미한다. The purpose of this study was to examine the level of kindergarten teachers’ self-perception and actual understanding of the musical concepts according to six variables and to compare their self-perception with their actual understanding. The participants of this study were 302 kindergarten teachers in Seoul, and the data was collected using a measurement developed by Kim, Lee, Kwon & Park(2011). The results show, first, in terms of the teachers’ self-perception of the musical concepts related to the variables, significant differences were found in all the variables except for the types of kindergarten. In general, the teachers who had longer teaching career (4-8 years), higher educational level (graduate school or above), took music education related course(s) during pre-service education years, had taken music-related course(s) through in-service education programs, the more enjoyed music, had higher understanding about the musical concepts. Also, the teachers who had more learning experiences in musical instrument (over 4 years) had higher understanding about the musical concepts. Second, in terms of the teachers’ content knowledge of the musical concepts depending on the variables, statistically significant differences were shown in all of the variables except for the level of enjoying music. In other words, in general, the teachers who had longer teaching career (over 8 years), higher educational level (graduate school or above), worked in national public kindergarten, took music education course(s) during pre-service and in-service education programs, and had more learning experiences in musical instrument (over 4 years) showed higher understanding level about the musical concepts. Third, the level of kindergarten teachers’ perceived knowledge in the musical concepts was significantly higher than the level of their actual knowledge.; there was a considerable gap between perceived knowledge and actual knowledge of musical concepts.
박지현(Park, Ji-Hyun),권기정(Kwon, Gee-Jung) 한국회계정보학회 2021 재무와회계정보저널 Vol.21 No.1
[연구목적] 직무발명보상금이란 발명진흥법 제15조 등에 의하여 종업원 등이 직무에 관하여 발명한 것에 대하여 정당한 보상을 하도록 하는 것을 말한다. 즉, 직무발명보상금 제도는 종업원 등이 직무발명의 권리를 사용자가 승계할 경우 법률에 의하여 보상을 하도록 법률적으로 제정한 보상제도이다. 그러나 제도의 취지와는 다르게 소득세법이 개정되어 다양한 분야에서 소득세법 재개정을 주장하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 직무발명제도에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 직무발명보상금의 소득세법상 과세체계의 문제점에 대해 알아보고 이에 대한 개선방안으로 제시하고자 하였다. [연구방법] 직무발명보상금에 대한 제도의 취지와 우리나라의 소득세 개정현황을 살펴보고 주요국의 관련 세법에 대한 문헌연구를 통해 우리나라 직무발명제도의 과세체계의 문제점을 제시하였다. 이러한 문제점을 바탕으로 소득세법상 직무발명 보상금 과세제도에 대한 개선방안을 제시하였다. [연구결과] 직무발명보상금의 법률적 성격과 유사 소득과의 과세형평성 등을 검토하였을 때 직무발명보상금은 기타소득으로 규정하는 것이 타당하다. 그리고 직무발명보상금에 대하여는 비과세 한도를 현행 500만 원에서 국가연구개발의 기술이전에 따른 직무발명보상금 평균인 1,500만 원으로 조정할 필요가 있을 것이다. [연구의 시사점] 직무발명보상금 제도는 국가의 경쟁력을 확보하는 차원에서 매우 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 따라서 연구개발을 통해 경쟁력 있는 지식재산권을 확보하고 이를 활용하여 기업의 생산효율 및 일자리 창출을 증가시키고 국가 및 기업의 경쟁력을 강화하기 위한 선순환 구조를 만들기 위해서는 관련 법률들 간의 모순점을 해결하고 직무발명보상금 제도의 과세체계를 개편할 필요가 있다. [Purpose] The term compensation for occupational inventions refers to the compensation of employees, etc. for their inventions in relation to their duties pursuant to Article 15 of the Invention Promotion Act. In other words, the compensation system for job inventions is a compensation system legally enacted so that employees, etc., make compensation in accordance with the law when the employer succeeds in the rights of job inventions. However, contrary to the purpose of the system, the income tax law has been revised, and various fields are advocating for the revision of the income tax law. Therefore, in this study, based on the understanding of the job invention system, the problem of the taxation system under the income tax law for compensation for job inventions was investigated and suggested as a solution for this. [Methodology] The purpose of the system for compensation for occupational inventions and the current status of revision of income tax in Korea were examined, and the problem of the taxation system of the Korean occupational invention system was presented through literature research on related tax laws in major countries. Based on these problems, a plan to improve the taxation system for compensation for job inventions under the Income Tax Act was suggested. [Findings] When examining the legal nature of the compensation for job inventions and the taxation equity with similar income, it is reasonable to stipulate the compensation for job inventions as other income. In addition, it will be necessary to adjust the tax-free limit of compensation for job inventions from the current 5 million won to KRW 15 million, which is the average of compensation for job inventions from the technology transfer of national R&D. [Implications] The job invention compensation system has played a very important role in securing national competitiveness. Therefore, in order to create a virtuous cycle structure to secure and utilize competitive intellectual property rights through research and development to increase the production efficiency and job creation of companies, and to reinforce the competitiveness of the country and companies, it is necessary to resolve the contradictions between relevant laws and provide compensation for job inventions. There is a need to reorganize the tax system of the system.
김영국,박기양,박규홍,박혜숙,박윤범,유현주,권오한,이선아 西原大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2003 基礎科學硏究論叢 Vol.17 No.-
To lessen the ratio of under achievers is one of the most urgent task which recent school mathematics education is confronted with. To cope with this problem efficiently, math. teachers should know more specifically and concretely the causes that make the students dislike mathematics. But actually, there are too many reasons for these situations. So, in this paper, we tried to devise a tool to analyze and measure each student's math. disliking status. We proceeded this research via the following procedures. 1. Grasping the causes which make the students dislike mathematics as specifically as possible. To obtain this, we asked more than 300 of secondary school students to write down their thoughts about school mathematics. 2. Analyzing the responses, we abstracted 74 numbers of items which were supposed to be the causes for secondary school students' mathematics disliking. 3. With these items we made a test to measure students' aptitude for each item. 4. With this test paper, we tested over 800 of secondary school students. Through factor analysis and theoretical argument, we categorized the 74 items into 11 groups whose names were defined as factors of mathematics disliking. 5. For each of these 11 factors, we developed a norm which could serve as standard of comparison in measuring each student's mathematics disliking status. Using this tool teachers were able to describe each student's traits of mathematics disliking more specifically.
김동찬,이윤수,권오원,민창기,김태현,박경모 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2004 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.7 No.1
We, Kyung-hee University in Suwon has planned to build an open-air theater behind the building of natural science, and feel the need of creating places for cultural life and recreation. As the origin aim of this construction and landscape, university students can use this facilities and place for their daily relaxation and cultivation of emotion, and they also can utilize them for places of their meetings and events. Concerning the following completion of the UN Peace Park, our theater and the surrounding places will expectingly play important roles for the park because the open-air No-cheon theater is included in the full site of the UN Peace park. The focused elements of this basic plan are maintaining the basic plan of the UN Peace Park, forming the visually creative background, of the open-air theater cultural and recreational places, balancing and integrating human, nature, and the useful facilities.
한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고
양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1
The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.
박재성,이혜경,김대호,최득린,권귀향,홍현숙,임한혁,김기정 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2
Renal artery stenosis is the one of causes of hypertension in a small percentage of all patients but is only anatomical cause that can be treated by means of surgery and percutanecous transluminal angioplasty. Angiography is the golden standard for diagnosis of renal artery stenosis, but a little invasive. With the advent of abdominal Doppler ultrasonography, renal artery stenosis could be diagnoed noninvasively. The experienced hands appears to be valuable in the doppler examination, ut some investigators consider it almost useless. The authors studied the effect of stenosis of renal artery on the downstream intrarenal blood flow, a snare was placed around renal artery in 12 rabbits and compressed to create stenosis while Doppler ultraonographic curve and flow index were obtained from main renal and interlobar arteries by means of placement of 10-MHz curved linear tranducer directly on the surface of kidney. The Doppler measurements were compared with the percentage of stenosis on angiograms. The results were as follow: 1. Ten satisfactory angiograms and Doppler ultrasonograms were obtained. 2. Three renal arteries were created stenosis below 70% (Group A), Seven were above 70% (Group B). 3. The ranges of RI (resistance index) were 0.61-0.86 (mean 0.78±0.154) at main renal arteries, 0.57-0.85 (mean 0.77±0.231) at interlobar artery. The range of PS (peak systolic velocity) were 13.1-28.8 (mean 21.65±4.445) m/sex at main renal artery, 5.2-18.1 (mean 11.74±4.095) m/sec at interlobar arteries. The RI of rabbits were higher than those of human (mean 0.58±0.05). 4. The range of RI in stenotic arteries of group B were 0.45-0.74 (mean 0.57±0.143) at main renal artery, 0.52-0.65 (mean 59±0.051) at interlobar arteries. The range of PS were 11.2-21.3 (mean 15.04±3.755) m/sec at main renal arte교, 5.7-11.3 (mean 8.24±2.056) at interlobar artery. The difference were statistical y significant (P=0.0302), but without remarkable change in group A. 5. Doppler ultrasonographic curve during progressive compression of renal artery showed dampened systolic waveform and diagonal upstroke at main renal arteries (71.4%) and interlobar arteries (85.7%) in group B, but without remarkable change in group A. 6. Release of the arterial compression caused higher than normal peak systolic velocity initially, at main renal arteries (42.9%) and interlobar arteries (28.6%). but the curve of all rabbits returned to normal within 5 minutes. The Doppler ultrasonographic index and curve were not changed on follow up Doppler ultrasonogram at 5 min. 10 min. 30 min. and 1 hour. The change of the systolic curves that compressed experimentally is identical to change in the pulsus tardus and parvus waveforms seen in both acute and chronic severe renal artery stenosis in humans, can helpul for the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis and the effects of treatment by percutaneous tranluminal angioplasty and surgery.
朴勝玉,朴正萬,金洪錫,辛鉉德,林在權 대진대학교 1994 大眞論叢 Vol.2 No.-
We proposed a color calibration algorithm by considering spectral characteristic of the chosen color reproduction system which can be applied to device independent using characteristic vectors of surface reflectance. To evaluate color reproducing characteristics we applied the proposed color calibration algorithm by choosing the color of Macbeth ColorChecker's twenty four as a test color set.
朴勝玉,朴正萬,金洪錫,辛鉉德,林在權 대진대학교 1994 大眞論叢 Vol.2 No.-
To obtain the spectral characteristics of a color monitor, we measured the spectral radiance curves of phosphors vs. digital values experimentally. The relationship between digital values and luminances is not linear. To predict the digital values needed to display specific colors, we presented a model using maximum and averaged values of each curve.