Mg₂SiO₄ : La, Ho 열형광선량계에서 활성제 농도가 글로우 커브에 미치는 영향 La, Ho TLD on Activation Concentration

김영국,손인호,채건식,노경석,오재근,이은숙 경남대학교 신소재연구소 1996 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구에서는 Mg₂SiO₄에 활성화 물질로 La, Ho를 첨가하여 열형광체를 제작하였고 불순물의 농도를 1wt.% ∼5 wt.%까지 변화시키면서 열평광강도의 glow curve를 측정하였다. 도한 열형광체의 glow curve를 peak shape법으로 분석해서 TL특성에 대한 포획 매개변수와 활성화 에너지, 발광차수, 선량의존성등을 조사하였으며, 그 물리적 특성을 조사하고 선량계로서 타당성과 실용성을 확인하였다. The Mg₂SiO₄: La, Ho thermoluminescent phospher has been prepared by sintring Mg₂SiO₄after doping the transition elements La and Ho. The heating rate is 10℃/sec at this thermoluminescent phospher are heated. The maximum peaks are found in the measured Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho. TL glow curve at 229℃ and 345 C when the 1 wt.%-5 wt.%. The glow curve of TLD increased TL intensity and temperature of peak appears to the high temperature when the heating rate is l0℃/sec-25℃/sec. The activation energy of the main peak has been estimated by the peak shape method. The estimated activation energies are 1.77 eV. 1.52 eV respectively. The thermoluminescence process in Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho are found to the 2nd order when the main peak of the glow curve is analyzed by peak shape method. The dose responses of Mg₂SiO₄: La and Ho TLD are linear up to intensity of X-ray.

말쥐치 가공중 향기성분에 관하여

이종호,최병대,이강호,이근태,김태수 國立統營水産專門大學 附設 水産科學硏究所 1989 수산과학연구소보고 Vol.1 No.-

쥐치의 향기성분을 동정하기 위하여 Likerson형의 연속증류추출 및 탄산가스추출법을 이용하여 휘발성 성분을 동정하였다. 그 결과 중성획분에서 55 성분, pherol성획분에서 4 성분, 염기성획분에서 13 성분 및 ㅅ산성획분에서 10 성분이 분리·동정되었고 중성획분에서는 가열·배소 후 propanol, butanol, octanol, dodecanol등의 alcoholfb 그리고 pentanal, hexanal, 2-methyl-l-propanal, heptenal등의 aldehyde의 함량이 크게 증가하여 flavor 형성에 크게 기여할 것으로 생각되어 진다. 분리·동정된 phenol류는 분자량(m/e) 100~160 정도로 나타났으며, 염기성획분에서는 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl=3,5-dimethylpyrazine 등과 2-methylpyridine등이 동정되었다. 이들과 함께 중성획부에서 동정된 furan류가 가열온도의 증가와 함께 그 함량이 증가하였다. 산성획분에서는 배소시료 구분에서 isoaproic acid 및 caproic acid의 함량이 많았다. Volatile compounds were collected by simultaneous distillation extraction and carbon dioxide method, and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The neutral fraction obtained from the whole steam volatile concentrate 55 kinds of components, phenolic fraction had 4 kinds of components, basic fraction had 13 kinds of components and 10 kinds of components were in acidic fraction. Alcohols, propanols, butanols, octanols, dodecanols etc. and aldehydes, pentanals, hexanal, 2-methyl-1-propanal, heptenal etc. were highly increased after boiled and roasted. And these compounds were contributed to formation of filefish flavor. The molecular ion peak of phenolic fraction was generally appeared in the range 100 to about 160. From the basic fraction, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-methylpyridine were identified. The contents of basic compounds and furans obtained from the neutral fraction were increased at the higher heating temperature. The flavor of acidic fraction was influenced by the low molecular as isovaleric and valeric acid.

골수이식 후 골밀도 및 골대사의 변화 : 2년 추적관찰 2-Year Prospective Study

이원영,강무일,오은숙,오기원,한제호,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,신완식,민우성,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2000 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.15 No.4·5

단결정 Si(111) 위에 형성된 Ti-실리사이드에 대한 RBS 및 XRD 분석

이중환,권오준,최치규,박동수,김건호,이상환,이의완,곽호원 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1991 基礎科學硏究 Vol.4 No.1

초고진공 상태에서 p형 Si(111)기판에 Ti을 증착한 후 고진공에서 열처리하여 Ti-실리사이드를 형성시켰으며, Ti-실리사이드의 상전이 및 형성운동학은 2 MeV⁴He? 이온 후방산란과 x-선 회절방법으로 규명하였다. 형성된 TiSi₂는 결정학적으로 C49(ZrSi₂)와 C54 구조의 두 종류로 확인되었다. C49 TiSi₂상은 열처리온도가 700℃이하의 저온에서 형성되었고, 700℃ 이상의 고온에서는 C54 TiSi₂상으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 확인된 C54 TiSi₂전이온도(??)는 700℃ 였고, TiSi₂형성온도 영역내에서 TiSi₂ 층두께(χ)와 열처리시간(t)의 관계는 저온(700℃ 이하)일 경우 ??이고, 고온(750℃ 이상)에서는 χ=ct+d 의 관계식이 만족됨을 알 수 있었다. 이것은 700℃ 이하에서 TiSi₂ 형성기구가 Si 확산에 의해 제어되며, 750℃ 이상에서는 핵형성 제어에 의하여 계면반응하는 것으로 나타났다. Titanium silicides were prepared by depositing titanium film on p-type Si(111) followed by annealing in ultra high vacuum. The growth kinetics of Ti-silicide has been studied by using ion backscattering spectrometry and x-ray diffractometry. Two crystallographic structures of Ti-silicide were identified the (ZrSi₂)structure and C54. The C49 TiSi₂ phase was formed at low annealing temperature(<700℃),and it transformed to the C54 phase over 700℃. The relation between the thickness of TiSi₂ layer(χ) and the annealing time(t) was ?? when annealing temperature was under 700℃ and χ=ct+d when that was over 750℃. The former implied that the formation of TiSi₂ was controlled by diffusion and the latter by nucleation of at the Ti/Si(111) interface.

In situ 고상 에피택시 방법에 의한 CoSi₂/Si(111)구조의 형성

이정주,강민성,김현수,최치규,이운환,이종덕,이영백,김건호,이정용 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.9 No.2

초고진공에서 공상에피택시(solid-phase epiyaxy, SPE) 방법으로 CoSi₂를 Si(111)기판 위에 에피택시 성장시켰다. 2MeV⁴He++ ion후방산란 분광기와 사중결정 x-선 회절기 및 고분해 투과전자 현미경을 이용하여 성장된 CoSi₂의 상과 조성, 결정성, 그리고 계면의 미시구조를 조사하였다. 초고진공상태의 실온에서 Si(111)-7X7기판에 Co를 약 20 ~50 ?? 중착한 후 SPE에 의하여 실리사이드를 형성시키는 경우 600℃에서는 B-형의 CoSi₂가, 그리고 700℃에서는 A형의 CoSi₂가 선택적으로 에피택시 성장하였으며, 정합성은 B-CoSi₂[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(111)//Si(111)이, 그리고 700℃에서는 A-CoSi₂[110]//Si[110], CoSi₂(002)//Si(002)을 나타내었다. Epitaxial films of CoSi₂were grown on Si(111) substrates by in situ solid-phase epitaxy in a ultrahigh vacuum. The phase, the chemical composition, the crystallinity, and the microstructure of the Silicide/Si interface were investigated by 2-MeV⁴He++ ion-backscattering spectrometry, quadruple crystal X-ray diffractometry, and high-resolution transmission eletron micorscopy. High-quality films of either B-type or A-type CoSi₂ could be grown selectively on Si(111) substrates by depositing ~ 20 ~ 50 ?? of Co on a Si(111)-7X7 substrate followed by in situ annealing at 600℃ or 700℃ for 10 min. The matching face relationships are CoSi₂[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(111)//Si(111) by B-type CoSi₂ and CoSi₂[110]//Si[110]//Si[110] and CoSi₂(002)//Si(002) for A-type CoSi₂.

동일한 환자에서 조혈모세포이식 전후의 호중구감소 기간 중 감염양상에 대한 비교연구 : 중심정맥관 관련 패혈증을 중심으로 Based on Central Venous Catheter Related Septicemia

류재호,노규태,이영석,이영호,권혁찬,김재석,김효진,이영민,박혜원,박근희 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2002 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.7 No.1

연구배경: 동일한 환자를 대상으로 조혈모세포이식 전 일반 병실에서의 관해유도 항암제치료 및 강화요법으로 인한 호중구감소 기간의 감염양상과 고용량 항암제치료 후 무균실에서의 조혈모세포이식 시 호중구감소 기간의 감염양상을 중심정맥관 관련 패혈증을 중심으로 비교 연구함으로써 효율적인 감염관리지침을 마련하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 1월부터 2001년 7월까지 2년 7개월간 동아대학교병원 일반병실에서 악성혈액질환으로 항암제 치료를 받다가 조혈모세포이식을 시행받았던 22명을 대상으로 중심정맥관 관련 패혈증의 형태를 비교분석하였다. 결과: 대상 환자들의 일반병실과 무균실에서의 입원기간은 각각 32±13일, 33±19일, 호중구 감소기간은 15±12일, 17±18일, 호중구 감소기간의 발열 횟수는 14회, 14회로서 입원병실의 종류에 따른 차이는 없었다. 환자들의 중심정맥관 사용일수는 일반병실에서 29일(7~545일), 무균실에서 100.5일(25~606일)이었으며, 총 사용일수는 각각 1,515일, 3,250일로서 무균실에서의 중심정맥관 사용일수가 의미 있게 길었다(P=0.001). 중심정맥관 사용 일수에 대한 감염률은 각각 5.28/1,000일, 3.08/1,000일로서 일반병실에서 그 빈도가 높았으나 통계적 유의성은 보이지 않았다(P=0.141). 결론: 중심정맥관 삽입 후 일반병실에서 항암제 치료를 받던 환자가 조혈모세포이식을 위하여 무균실에 입원하는 경우, 중심정맥관을 교체하는 것이 감염관리를 위하여 바람직할 것으로 생각된다. Background: We compared the incidence of central venous catheter (CVC) related septicemia during neutropenic period in the same patient, which developed following chemotherapy for remission induction and consolidation, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and laboratory data of 22 patients with hematologic malignancies who received anticancer chemotherapy followed by HSCT at Dong-A University Hospital between January, 1999 and July, 2001. We investigated the duration of hospitalization, duration of neutropenic period, duration of catheterization, microbiologically documented organisms and incidence of CVC related septicemia. Results: The data in general ward (before HSCT) and laminar air flow room (after HSCT) were as follows: duration of hospitalization was 32±13 days and 33±19 days, duration of neutropenic period was 15±12 days and 17±18 days, median duration of catheterization was 29 days (7~545 days) and 100.5 days (25~606 days) (P=0.001), and incidence of CVC related septicemia was 5.28/1000 days and 3.08/1000 days, respectively. In the CVC related septicemia, the most common etiologic organism was coagulase negative staphylococcus. Conclusion: We suggest that the exchange of CVC before admission to laminar air flow room could decrease the incidence of CVC related septicemia in HSCT recipients.

침 치료가 오십견(五十肩) 환자의 적외선 체열촬영에 미치는 영향

김건형,이로민,남동우,김종인,임사비나,이두익,최도영,이윤호,이재동 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To observe the effect of acupuncture treatment on Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) in frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 17 voluntary patients received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwanand Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The patients were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment, after 1 week of treatment, after 2 weeks, 3 weeks and after 4 weeks of treatment. Constant Shoulder Assessment(CSA), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index(SPADI), Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). DITI was measured before treatment and after 4weeks of treatment. The obtained data was analyzed. Results : CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension showed significant(p<0.05) improvement. Abduction and flexion both improved after 4 weeks of treatment, but the improvement was statistically insignificant(p>0.05). DITI showed improvement but the improvement was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment significantly improved CSA, SPADI, VAS, adduction and extension in frozen shoulder patients(p<0.05). The improvement of abduction and flexion after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment was insignificant(p>0.05). DITI results improved after 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment. But the change of thermal difference was insignificant(p>0.05).

7두의 개에서 배설성 요로조영술을 통한 신장 기능 평가

최윤정,이기자,최형준,이용진,박성준,송근호,정성목,최호정,이영원 忠南大學校 獸醫科大學 動物醫科學硏究所 2005 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Excretory urography is a type of contrast study used to verify and localize upper urinary tract disease. It is an inexpensive and easy way to visualize of anatomic and functional status of the kidney and has been used as a primary imaging modality for the evaluation of urinary tract abnormalities. We describe urological signs of 7 dogs who examined with excretory urography and ultrasonography. Six cases were referred to veterinary medical teaching hospital. Chungnam national university (VMTH, CNU) to evaluate renal function after the treatment for renal failure and one case was referred showing hematuria. In case 1, 2 and 4, blood test and urinalysis was normal and the results of excretory urography presented that renal function were normal range. In case 3, the results of urinalysis, ultrasonography, and excretory urography except blood test presented abnormal kidney and hydronephrosis was diagnosed. In case 5 and 6, blood test, urinalysis, ultrasonography and excretory urography indicated renal failure. In case 7, blood test, urinalysis and ultrasonography presented partially abnormal signs, however, the results of excretory urography was normal range.

당뇨병과 동반된 화농성 간농양의 임상상 및 예후인자

오은숙,강무일,이원영,오기원,임동준,이소영,이정민,고승현,김성래,안유배,손현식,윤건호,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구 대한당뇨병학회 2000 임상당뇨병 Vol.1 No.1

연구배경: 감염질환은 혈관질환과 함께 당뇨병의 중요한 사망원인의 하나이며, 혈당조절이 불량할수록 감염 빈도가 증가됨은 잘 알려져 있다. 간농양의 발생이 있어서도 당뇨병은 중요한 기저질환 중의 하나이다. 일반적으로 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균은 Escherichi coli라고 알려져 있으나, 최근 당뇨병을 가진 간농양 환자에서 Klesiella pneumoniae의 검출이 증가되고 있다. 또 최근 연구에 의하면 K.pneumonie가 간농양의 가장 흔한 원인균이며, K. pneumoniae에 의한 간농양은 K.pneumoniae 이외의 균주에 의한 간농양보다 당뇨병과 밀접히 관련되어 있다고 보고된 바 있다. 이에 저자들은 간농양 환자를 대상으로 당뇨병환자의 빈도를 알아보고, 그 원인균 및 특징을 비당뇨병 환자들의 경우와 비교해 보고자 하였다. 방법: 1992년 1월부터 1999년 6월까지 방사선학적 검사 혹은 수술에 의해 간농양이 확인되거나, 경피적 천자나 수술을 통한 배농액 배양, 혹은 혈액 검사에서 원인균이 증명된 182명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 임상고찰을 실시하였다. 결과: 화농성 농양을 가진 167명의 환자(남:94명, 여:73명)중 당뇨병을 가진 환자는 54명 (남:30명, 여:24명)으로 32.3%를 차지하였다. 환자의 평균나이는 당뇨군에서 62.1 ± 13.4세, 비당뇨군에서는 55.1 ±15.5세로 당뇨군에서 높았으며(p=0.0021), 남녀간의 평균나이 비교 시 두 군 모두 여성의 나이가 의미있게 높았다. 비당뇨군에 비하여 당뇨군의 경우 저알부민혈증의 빈도와 aspartate transaminase가 증가되어있었다. 원인균주는 K. pneumoniae (당뇨군54%, 비당뇨군 39.1%), E. coli(당뇨군 17.5%, 비당뇨군 18.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus 순이었으며 두 군간의 의미는 차이는 없었으나 K. pneumoniae의 경우 다른 균종에 비해 단독감염의 빈도가 높았다(82.8%). 사망률은 당뇨군에서 16.7%, 비당뇨군에서 7.1%로 당뇨군에서 의미있게 높았으며(p=0.019), 당뇨군에서의 사망환자는 모두 패혈증이 동반되어 있었다. 당뇨환자의 사망군은 생존군에 비해 당뇨병 이환기간이 길고 혼합감염의 빈도가 높았다(p=0.046). 검사실 소견에서는 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가가 관찰되어 있었다. 결론: E. coli가 간농양의 주된 원인균이라는 기존 보고와는 달리 당뇨군과 비당뇨군 모두 K. pneumoniae가 간농양의 주된 원인균이었다. 또한 당뇨 유병기간이 길고 당뇨조절이 불량한 환자에서 혼합감염이며 총 빌리루빈 및 알카리성 포스파타제의 증가등과 같은 위험인자가 존재할 경우 사망률이 증가될 수 있으므로 이들 군에서는 적극적인 치료가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Background: Liver abscesses are commonly associated with underlying disease, particularly diabete mellitus. The number of the liver abscesses caused by Klebslella pneumoniae in diabetic patient has been increased in Korea nowadays. This study was conducted to clarify the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of pyogenic liver abscesses, especially in diabetic patients and to determine the proportion of K. pneunomiae as a pathogen in liver abscess in Korea. Methods: Medical records of 167 patients treated for pyogenic liver abscess from January, 1992 through June, 1999 were reviewed retrospectively in detail. Major Pathogenic organism, clinical manifestations, prognostic factors, the importance of diabetes mellilus as an underlying disease and its effect on clinical features and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Among 167 cases of pyogenic liver abscess, underlying diabetes mellitus was present in 32.3%. The mean age of patients was 62.7 13.4 years in diabetic liver abscess group and 55.1 15.5 years in non-diabetic liver abscess group. Most liver abscesses were cryptogenic in origin or secondary to the billary tree diseases. The clinical presentations among the two groups were not significantly different. When compared to patients without diabetes, patients with diabetes had significantly higher proportions of hypoalbuminemia and elevated aspartate transaminase level. The most common organism of the pyogenic abscess was K. pneumoniae in both groups. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess with appropriate antibiotics was the most commonly used therapeutic modality in liver abscess. The mortality rate of diabetic liver abscess is 16.1 % and 7.1% in nondiabetic liver abscess. Complications, especially septicemla, were found more frequently in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes (64.8% vs 28.3%, septicemia : 31.5% vs 9.7%). The factors influencing mortality in the diabetic liver abscess were disease duration, mixed infection, presence of septicemia, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions: In contrast to prior report that the E. coli was the most common pathogen in liver abscess, we found that K. pneumoniae was the most common organism cultured in liver abscess. Diabetic patients have more complications and higher mortality than patients without diabetes. Early detection and proper treatment are needed to improve the outcome for diabetic patient with liver abscess.

Protective Effect of Baicalin Against Carbon Tetrachloride–Induced Acute Hepatic Injury in Mice

Park, Sang-Won,Lee, Chan-Ho,Kim, Yeong Shik,Kang, Sam Sik,Jeon, Su Jin,Son, Kun Ho,Lee, Sun-Mee The Japanese Pharmacological Society 2008 JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES Vol.106 No.1

<P>This study examined the effects of baicalin, a bioactive flavonoid isolated from <I>Scutellariae Radix</I>, on carbon tetrachloride (CCl<SUB>4</SUB>)-induced liver injury. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with 0.5 ml/kg CCl<SUB>4</SUB> and different groups of animals received 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg baicalin. At 24 h after the CCl<SUB>4</SUB> treatment, the level of serum aminotransferases and lipid peroxidation was significantly elevated, whereas the hepatic glutathione content was decreased. These changes were attenuated by baicalin. The histological studies showed that baicalin inhibited the portal inflammation, centrizonal necrosis, and Kupffer cell hyperplasia, which are the three most common characteristics of CCl<SUB>4</SUB>-induced liver damage. The serum level and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α were markedly increased by the CCl<SUB>4</SUB> treatment but suppressed by baicalin. The mRNA and protein expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase and heme oxygenase-1 increased significantly at 24 h after the CCl<SUB>4</SUB> treatment. Baicalin attenuated the increase in the protein and gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase but augmented the increase in those of heme oxygenase-1. These findings suggest that baicalin protects hepatocytes from the oxidative damage caused by CCl<SUB>4</SUB>, and this protection is likely due to the induction of HO-1 expression and the inhibition of the proinflammatory mediators.</P>