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- 저자 : ( Katsunori Kondo ) (검색결과 1 건)
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Evaluation of physical function in older adults at individual and community levels
( Taishi Tsuji ),( Katsunori Kondo ),( Kenji Tsunoda ),( Jieun Yoon ),( Tomohiro Okura ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1
Purpose: We aimed to develop a novel physical performance test to easily evaluate lower limb muscle function and risk of their functional disability in a clinical setting. Community-level evaluation is also needed to identify a “high-risk community” and to promote a community-level approach for the prevention of functional disability. In this presentation, we will share the outline of our research project evaluating physical function in older adults at individual and community levels. Method: To evaluate physical function, we measured ground reaction force (GRF) during a sit-to-stand movement and calculated two parameters: peak reaction force per body weight and rate of force development per body weight (RFD/w). We investigated the validity of these parameters using data from the Kasama Study. For community-level evaluation, we performed ecological analyses using data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), a nationwide research project including a questionnaire survey on aging, with over 100,000 participants in 2010 and 2013. We calculated the prevalence of physical function decline in 31 municipalities from the JAGES 2010 survey and investigated relevant factors affecting the prevalence. Result: We found that in older adults, two GRF parameters negatively correlated with age, had good criterion-related validity with lower limb muscle strength and power, and had relationships with physical function, history of fall, and ability to perform mobility activities. Further, we found that RFD/w declined with increase in incidences of falls and could predict onset of mobility limitations. Community-level analyses revealed that the prevalence of physical function decline varied from 14.6% to 32.2% in the 31 municipalities. Higher frequencies of participation in sports and hobby groups in a municipality were found to negatively correlate with the prevalence of physical function decline (r = .0.58 and .0.74, respectively). Conclusion: Measuring the GRF parameters during a sit-to-stand movement might provide a better evaluation of an older individual’s physical function, with sufficient validity. Recently, we have developed a specialized weight scale for measuring GRF more easily in a clinical setting. Further, we found that regional variations exist in the physical function of older adults. Community intervention with increasing participation in sports or hobby groups in a community might be an effective way to reduce these variations.
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