Expression of Pentose Phosphate Pathway-Related Proteins in Breast Cancer

Choi, Junjeong,Kim, Eun-Sol,Koo, Ja Seung Hindawi 2018 Disease markers Vol.2018 No.-

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P> The purpose of this study was to assess the expression of pentose phosphate pathway- (PPP-) related proteins and their significance in clinicopathologic factors of breast cancer. </P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P> Immunohistochemical staining for PPP-related proteins (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PDH], 6-phosphogluconolactonase [6PGL], 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [6PGDH], and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 [NRF2]) was performed using tissue microarray (TMA) of 348 breast cancers. mRNA levels of these markers in publicly available data from the Cancer Genome Atlas project and Kaplan-Meier plotters were analyzed. </P><P><B>Results</B></P><P> Expression of G6PDH and 6PGL was higher in HER-2 type (<I>p</I> < 0.001 and <I>p</I> = 0.009, resp.) and lower in luminal A type. 6PGDH expression was detected only in TNBC subtype (<I>p</I> < 0.001). G6PDH positivity was associated with ER negativity (<I>p</I> = 0.001), PR negativity (<I>p</I> = 0.001), and HER-2 positivity (<I>p</I> < 0.001), whereas 6PGL positivity was associated with higher T stage (<I>p</I> = 0.004). The 562 expression profile from the TCGA database revealed increased expression of G6PDH and 6PG in the tumor compared with normal adjacent breast tissue. The expression of G6PDH was highest in HER-2 type. HER-2 and basal-like subtypes showed higher expression of 6PGDH than luminal types. </P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P> PPP-related proteins are differentially expressed in breast cancer according to molecular subtype, and higher expression of G6PDH and 6PGL was noted in HER-2 subtype.</P>

Hemangiopericytomas in the Central Nervous System: A Multicenter Study of Korean Cases with Validation of the Usage of STAT6 Immunohistochemistry for Diagnosis of Disease

Choi, Junjeong,Park, Sung-Hye,Khang, Shin Kwang,Suh, Yeon-Lim,Kim, Sang Pyo,Lee, Youn Soo,Kwon, Hyun Seok,Kang, Seok-Gu,Kim, Se Hoon Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2016 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.23 No.5

<P>Conclusions. The survival rate in patients with HPC of the CNS is comparable to that of previously reported series. Recurrence remains a critical clinical issue of the disease. Identification of NAB2-STAT6 fusion transcript with surrogate IHC marker is a valuable diagnostic tool in the differential diagnosis of the disease.</P>

Expression of Pentose Phosphate Pathway-Related Proteins in Breast Cancer

Choi, Junjeong,Kim, Eun-Sol,Koo, Ja Seung IOS PRESS 2018 Disease markers Vol.2018 No.1

Generation of trichogenic adipose-derived stem cells by expression of three factors

Choi, Nahyun,Choi, Junjeong,Kim, Ji Hye,Jang, Yaeji,Yeo, Joo Hye,Kang, Juwon,Song, Seung Yong,Lee, Jinu,Sung, Jong-Hyuk Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE Vol.92 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Previous studies demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) can promote hair growth, but unmet needs exist for enhancing ASC hair inductivity.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>Therefore, we introduced three trichogenic factors platelet-derived growth factor-A, SOX2, and β-catenin to ASCs (tfASCs) and evaluated whether tfASCs have similar characteristics as dermal papilla (DP) cells.</P> <P><B>Method</B></P> <P>Global gene expression was examined using NGS analysis. Telogen-to-anagen induction, vibrissae hair follicle organ culture and patch assay were used.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>tfASC cell size is smaller than that of ASCs, and they exhibit short doubling time. tfASCs also resist aging and can be expanded until passage 12. Cell proportion in S and G<SUB>2</SUB>/M increases in tfASCs, and tfASCs express high mRNA levels of cell cycle related genes. The mRNA expression of DP markers was notably higher in tfASCs. Moreover, NGS analysis revealed that the global gene expression of tfASCs is similar to that of DP cells. The injection of tfASCs accelerated the telogen-to-anagen transition and conditioned medium of tfASCs increased the anagen phase of vibrissal hair follicles. Finally, we found that the injection of 3D-cultured tfASCs at p 9 generated new hair follicles in nude mice.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Collectively, these results indicate that 1) tfASCs have similar characteristics as DP cells, 2) tfASCs have enhanced hair-regenerative potential compared with ASCs, and 3) tfASCs even at late passage can make new hair follicles in a hair reconstitution assay. Because DP cells are difficult to isolate/expand and ASCs have low hair inductivity, tfASCs and tfASC-CM are clinically good candidates for hair regeneration.</P>

Expression of autophagy‐related markers beclin‐1, light chain 3A, light chain 3B and p62 according to the molecular subtype of breast cancer

Choi, Junjeong,Jung, Woohee,Koo, Ja Seung Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2013 Histopathology Vol.62 No.2

<P><B>Aims:  </B> To investigate the relationship between the expression of autophagy‐related proteins, including beclin‐1, light chain (LC) 3A, LC3B, and p62, and prognosis in invasive breast cancer.</P><P><B>Methods and results:  </B> We constructed tissue microarrays from the breast cancer cells of 489 patients, and classified molecular subtypes using surrogate immunohistochemical stains. The tumoral expression levels of LC3A and LC3B were highest in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) (<I>P</I> < 0.001), whereas these types of tumour had the lowest expression levels of these markers in the stroma (<I>P</I> = 0.005 and <I>P</I> < 0.001, respectively). Cytoplasmic beclin‐1 expression was highest in TNBC, but nuclear expression was lowest (<I>P</I> < 0.001). p62 cytoplasmic and nuclear expression were highest in HER2‐type tumours (<I>P</I> = 0.001 and <I>P</I> < 0.001, respectively). Tumoral LC3A and LC3B expression were associated with high histological grade (<I>P</I> < 0.001, and <I>P</I> < 0.028, respectively), but nuclear p62 expression was associated with lower histological grade (<I>P</I> = 0.004).</P><P><B>Conclusions:  </B> Autophagy‐related markers are differentially expressed according to the molecular subtype of breast cancer. In particular, expression of LC3A, LC3B and beclin‐1 was highest in TNBC tumour cells, whereas that of LC3A and LC3B in the tumour stroma was lowest in TNBC.</P>

The expression of succinate dehydrogenase in breast phyllodes tumor.

Choi, Junjeong,Kim, Do Hee,Jung, WooHee,Koo, Ja Seung Gutenberg 2014 HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY Vol.29 No.10

<P>The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)A, SDHB, and HIF-1α in phyllodes tumors and the association with clinic-pathologic factors. Using tissue microarray (TMA) for 206 phyllodes tumor cases, we performed immunohistochemical stains for SDHA, SDHB, and HIF-1α and analyzed their expression in regard to clinicopathologic parameters of each case. The cases were comprised of 156 benign, 34 borderline, and 16 malignant phyllodes tumors. The expression of stromal SDHA and epithelial- and stromal- SDHB increased as the tumor progressed from benign to malignant (P?0.001). There were five stromal SDHA-negative cases and 31 stromal SDHB-negative cases. SDHB negativity was associated with a lower histologic grade (P=0.054) and lower stromal atypia (P=0.048). Univariate analysis revealed that a shorter disease free survival (DFS) was associated with stromal SDHB high-positivity (P=0.013) and a shorter overall survival (OS) was associated with high-positivity of stromal SDHA and SDHB (P?0.001 and P?0.001, respectively). The multivariate Cox analysis with the variables stromal cellularity, stromal atypia, stromal mitosis, stromal overgrowth, tumor margin, stromal SDHA expression, and stromal SDHB expression revealed that stromal overgrowth was associated with a shorter DFS (hazard ratio: 24.78, 95% CI: 3.126-196.5, P=0.002) and a shorter OS (hazard ratio: 176.7, 95% CI: 8.466-3691, P=0.001). In conclusion, Tumor grade is positively correlated with SDHA and SDHB expression in the tumor stroma in phyllodes tumors of the breast. This result may be attributed to the increased metabolic demand in high grade tumors.</P>

Metabolism-Related Proteins Are Differentially Expressed according to the Molecular Subtype of Invasive Breast Cancer Defined by Surrogate Immunohistochemistry

Choi, Junjeong,Jung, Woo-Hee,Koo, Ja Seung S. Karger AG 2012 Pathobiology Vol.80 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Objective:</I></B> The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of metabolism-related proteins such as Glut-1 and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) according to breast cancer molecular subtype. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> We generated a tissue microarray of 276 breast cancer patients and performed immunohistochemical staining for known metabolism-related proteins, which were evaluated according to the molecular subtype. <B><I>Results:</I></B> The expression of IGF-1, MIF, and HIF-1α was correlated with the HER-2 type (p < 0.05). Glut-1 overexpression and CAIX expression were associated with TNBC type, especially with basal-like type, high histologic grade, estrogen receptor negativity, and progesterone receptor negativity (p < 0.05). The expression of Glut-1 and CAIX was correlated with statistical significance (p < 0.001). <B><I>Conclusion:</I></B> We identified different patterns of expression of metabolism-related proteins according to the molecular subtypes of breast cancer defined by surrogate immunohistochemistry. Increased expression of HIF-1α, IGF-1, and MIF was noted in HER-2 type breast cancer and increased expression of Glut-1 and CAIX was noted in TNBC type breast cancer, especially in the basal-like subtype, which exhibited a glycolytic and acid-resistant tumor phenotype.</P><P>Copyright © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

Ginseng berry extract enhances metformin efficacy against obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice fed high-fat diet through increase of metformin uptake in liver

Chae, Hee-Sung,You, Byoung Hon,Choi, Junjeong,Chin, Young-Won,Kim, Hojun,Choi, Han Seok,Choi, Young Hee ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V.; AMSTERDAM 2019 JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS Vol.62 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ginseng berry extract contains plenty of ginsenosides showing anti-obesity and anti-hyperglycemic activities. Regarding that long-term intakes of herbal products to control metabolic disorders as popular alternatives have become popular, ginseng berry extract plus metformin is an attractive item for long-term glycemic control. Herein, we investigated the effect of ginseng berry extract (GBE) or its combination with metformin against obesity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet fed mice.</P> <P>GBE altered abnormal features (e.g. body weight, serum profiles, hepatic steatosis/inflammation and fat mass). Concomitantly, GBE increased mRNA levels of adiponectin and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein. All these changes were observed in metformin alone and GBE plus metformin. Moreover, in GBE plus metformin intake, GBE increased organic cation transporter-mediated metformin uptake in liver and mRNA of AMP-activated protein kinase together, which additively ameliorated obesity and hepatic steatosis. Therefore, GBE itself and GBE plus metformin could be useful to regulate metabolic disorders.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> GBE ameliorated obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice fed high-fat diet. </LI> <LI> GBE increased organic cation transporter-mediated metformin uptake in liver. </LI> <LI> GBE plus metformin additively ameliorated obesity and hepatic steatosis. </LI> <LI> GBE itself and GBE plus metformin could be useful to regulate metabolic disorders. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>In GBE plus metformin treatment, GBE plus metformin showed the additive efficacy against obesity, hepatic steatosis and hyperglycemia!</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Pathological Classification of Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) : Personal Comments for Well Understanding FCD Classification

Kim, Se Hoon,Choi, Junjeong The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2019 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.62 No.3

In 2011, the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) proposed a first international consensus of the classification of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). This FCD classification had been widely used in worldwide. In this review paper, the authors would like to give helpful comments for better understanding of the current FCD classification. Especially, the basic concepts of FCD type I, such as "radial", "tangential" and "microcolumn" will be discussed with figures. In addition, the limitations, genetic progress and prospect of FCD will be suggested.

Evaluation of the Expression of Amine Oxidase Proteins in Breast Cancer

Sun, Woo Young,Choi, Junjeong,Cha, Yoon Jin,Koo, Ja Seung MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.12

<P>We aimed to evaluate the expression of amine oxidase proteins in breast cancer and their clinical implications. We performed immunohistochemical staining of amine oxidase proteins (LOX, lysyl oxidase, AOC3, amine oxidase, MAOA, monoamine oxidase A, MAOB, monoamine oxidase B). Based on their hormone receptors, such as estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), and Ki-67 immunohistochemical staining, breast cancer was divided into four molecular subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER-2 type, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Luminal A was observed in 380 cases (49.4%), luminal B in 224 (29.1%), HER-2 type in 68 (8.8%), and TNBC in 98 (12.7%). Stromal AOC3, MAO-A, and MAO-B expression varied according to molecular subtypes. Stromal AOC3 expression was high in luminal B and HER-2 type and MAO-A expression was high in luminal A and luminal B (<I>p</I> < 0.001). MAO-B expression was higher in TNBC than in other subtypes (<I>p</I> = 0.020). LOX positivity was associated with high histological grade (<I>p</I> < 0.001) and high Ki-67 labeling index (LI) (<I>p</I> = 0.009), and stromal AOC3 positivity was associated with high histological grade (<I>p</I> = 0.001), high Ki-67 LI (<I>p</I> < 0.001), and HER-2 positivity (<I>p</I> = 0.002). MAO-A positivity was related to low histological grade (<I>p</I> < 0.001), ER positivity, PR positivity (<I>p</I> < 0.001), and low Ki-67 LI (<I>p</I> < 0.001). In univariate analysis, MAO-A positivity was related to short disease-free survival in HER-2 type (<I>p</I> = 0.013), AOC3 negativity was related to short disease-free survival and overall survival in ER-positive breast cancer, PR-positive breast cancer, HER-2-negative breast cancer, and lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, the expression of amine oxidase proteins varies depending on the molecular subtype of breast cancer. Stromal AOC3 expression was high in luminal B and HER-2 type, and MAO-A expression was high in luminal A and luminal B.</P>