한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

위장질환과 Helocobacter pylori와의 상관관계

정동진,이정화,이상오,김재명,최태균 한국건강관리협회 1999 건협 Report Vol.2 No.-

패션 브랜드확장 전략에 관한 연구

정찬진,정명선 全南大學校家政科學硏究所 1993 生活科學硏究 Vol.3 No.-

In the field of uncertain and risky fashion business, there has been an increased attention on brand marketing strategy. At this time, brand extension is an obious strategy for firm's growth. Brand extension strategy involves a company use of an established brand name of a product to enter new product categories. The use of established brand name can substantially reduce introdutory market expense and enhance prospects of success by helping gain retailers and consumer acceptance. The purposes of this study are to incoporate previous research findings into a framework for brand extensions and to suggest directions for future research on brand extension in the area of fashion marketing. From previous researches, two main factors are identified in the framework for brand extensions. First, it appears similarity or perceived fit between original and extended product categories based on categorization theory. Generally, brand extensions are successful when consumers perceive a high degree of similarity or perceived fit between original and extended product categories. Second, a set of factor on determining the effects of brand extension is identified; Characteristics of the original brand, consumer's characteristics and product knowledge and characteristics of extension product market. Five directions for future researches in the area of fashion marketing are suggested as follows. 1. Researches on brand extensions will be applicable to the fasion marketplace because fashion products or classes can be categorized in terms of a product companion or a complementary product. 2. It will examine how to improve similarity or perceived fit between original and extended product category for efficiency of fashion brand extension strategy. 3. It will explore brand extension strategy in the case of that the original brand is less established to consumers in the face of changeable fashion market. 4. It is expected to compare brand extension with multi-brand strategy which is commonly capitalized in the Korean fashion marketplace in the light of marketing effects. 5. In the research on product evaluation or evaluative criteria, fashion brand image will be paid attention as an information cue based on categorization theory.

수입각증후군에 의한 급성 복증 1례

정은욱,지삼룡,이영태,박지훈,김동기,제인수,채두근,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,정정명 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Afferent loop syndrome is an uncommon complication of a gastrectomy and Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction. It may cause symtoms at any time from the first postoperative day to many years after the gastrectomy. Afferent loop syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting and elevation of serum amylase. Thus, it is difficult to differentiate afferent loop syndrome from other cause of acute pancreatitis. However, the history of gastrectomy can be an important clue for diagnosing afferent loop syndrome. We experienced one case of chronic afferent loop syndrome with acute pancreatitis. After appropriate management, the abdominal pain disappeared and serum amylase level decreased. We report this case with a review of relevant literatures.

구기자가 나박김치의 발효 중 관능적 특성과 젖산균수에 미치는 영향

정광자,김미정,장명숙 한국조리과학회 2003 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.19 No.4

This research was conducted to find the effects of the addition of kugija to the quality and conservativeness of Nabak kimchi. Kugija extract was prepared by boiling kugija fruits, at different ratios (1, 3, 5 and 7%; w/v) in water for 30 minutes. The changes in the sensory and microbiological properties of the Nabak kimchi were measured for 25 days, following the preparation at a uniform temperature of 10℃, and compared to a control (distilled water without kugija). For the properties of acceptability, the Nabak kimchi treated with 3% kugija was evaluated as being best during the whole fermentation. The number of total cell counts and number of lactic acid microorganisms gradually increased to a maximum, and then decreased. It was the maximum for controlling and 1% treatment on day 2, for and 3, 5 and 7% treatment on day 7. (Eds note: the highlighted sentence needs clarification?)This experimental study revealed the effect of kugija extract in enhancing the eating qualities on Nabak kimchi and retarding the fermentation over the initial seven days. The optimum levels of kugija extract on Nabak kimchi obtained through experiments was between 1 and 3% of the water content. Although 3% gave a better color, the fermentation-retarding effect and savory taste. The application of kugija extract could be domestically applied to improve the eating quality and the preservation of traditionally prepared Nabak kimchi.

미치광이풀 모상근 배양에서 Tropane Alkaloid 생산성 증진을 위한 최적 생물학적 엘리시터 선발

정희영,강승미,강영민,김용덕,양재경,정영관,최명석 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Scopolamine and hyoscyamine which belong to tropane alkaloids are the pharmaceutically valuable anticholinergic drugs. In order to increase the productivities, the effects of elicitation were investigated during hairy root cultures of Scopolia parviflora. Biotic elicitors originated from 3 fungi and 1 yeast were prepared as homogenate and supernatant and added to 3-week-old cultures. Both of homogenate and supernatant of Candida albicans elicitors increased the scopolamine production. The production of hyoscyamine was enhanced by homogenate of Fusarium solani and supematant of C. albicans. Most of the other fungal elicitors were also improved on the tropane alkaloid production compared to non-treatment. Among the elicitors tested, C. albicans was proved the optimal biotic elicitor on tropane alkaloids production. These results will be served mass production of tropane alkaloids by large-scale production.

관해유도 항암화학요법에 실패한 호지킨병 환자에서 2회의 자가 말초혈액 조혈모세포이식 후 지연되어 완전 관해된 1예

정성진,김일,박환철,오호석,최정혜,이영열,김인순,최일영,안명주 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2003 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.8 No.1

관해유도 항암화학요법에 실패한 호지킨병 환자에서 2회의 연속된 자가 조혈모세포이식은 하나의 치료 대안으로서 고려될 수 있다. 저자들은 진행된 호지킨병으로 진단된 뒤 기존 항암화학요법에 저항을 보여 자가 말초혈액 조혈모세포이식을 시행하였으나 여전히 부분 관해를 보였고, 재차 자가 말초혈액 조혈모세포이식을 시행하였으나 영상학적 검사에서 부분 관해에 머물렀던 환자가 조혈모세포 이식 3년 후 추적 검사에서는 완전 관해 소견을 보인 1예를 경험하여 이를 보고하는 바이다. The double autologous stem cell transplantation after high-dose therapy has been considered as a therapeutic chance for patients with refractory or relapsing Hodgkin's disease. We report here a 29-year-old patient with Hodgkin's disease (nodular sclerosis, Stage IVB), who was partially responsive to 6 cycles of conventional chemotherapy, achieved only partial remission despite double autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. However, long- term follow-up with 3 years after second stem cell transplantation, the persistently remained tumors on spleen, left ilium, and right scapular area disappeared spontaneously and now the patient has no evidence of disease. Compared with previously reported cases of long-lasting persistent evidences of unresolved disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with subsequent complete response in other hematologic malignancies, an atypical pattern in this case with delayed complete response after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has not been reported.

한국인 인슐린비의존형 당뇨병환자에서 엔지오텐신 1-전환효소 유전자의 다형성과 당뇨병성 만성합병증 및 관상동맥질환과의 관계

정민영,천남일,이창훈,조동혁,강호철,정동진,정명호,강정채,박종태,양승원 全南大醫大 2001 전남의대학술지 Vol.37 No.3

식도 정맥류출혈의 최신치료

정정명 인제대학교 1982 仁濟醫學 Vol.3 No.1

급성 식도 정맥류출혈의 치료법을 다음과 같이 요약해서 기술할 수 있다. 첫째 환자가 병원에 내원시 환자를 내과적 치료로써 Vasopressin을 주입하고, 또 Balloon Tam ponade을 사용하여 혈액손실을 최소한으로 방지해야 한다. 그리고, 병원에 입원중 곧 내시경으로 진단을 확인하고 동시에 Sclerotherapy가 요망되며 이것이 불가능할 경우 24시간동안 Balloon Tamponade을 재차 시행하고, 24시간후 Sclerotherapy를 시행하여 나머지 출혈을 조절해야 하는 것이다. 재 출혈 방지를 위한 방법으로서는 처음 Sclerotherapy를 한 6개월후 다시 Sclerotherapy를 해주거나 외과적으로 Warren과 Zeppa의 distal splenorenal Shunt를 해줌이 가장 좋은 예방법으로 사료된다. Various therapeutic methods in esophagus varices bleeding, surgical or non-surgical methods are tried with rather unfavorable results. Among these therapeutic procedures, the sclerotherapy of esophagus varices seems to be the most promising method at present moment. Immediately, after the esophageal varix begin to bleed, the vasopressin infusioon and the ballon tamponade should be intr oduced and let the tamponade be kept for 8 hours. After 8 hours'observation, the endoscopic sclerotherapy has to be performed. Soehendra has reported sclerotherapy in 170 cases of varices bleeding with 83% success rate during 11.2 months. Key Words : Esophagus Varices Bleeding Shunt Operation Vasopressin Balloon Tamponade Transhepatic Obliteration of Gastric Coronary Veim Laser Coagulation Endoscopic Sclerotherapy Warren and Zeppa's Distal Splenorenal Shunt