Streptozotocin-당뇨병 백서에서 당뇨병 이환기간에 따른 대동맥의 이완능 저하 및 Oxygen-Free Radical에 의한 이완능의 손상정도

김정국,김신우,김수동,서예경,하승우,김보완,백운이,권삼,강승완 경북대학교 병원 1997 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.1

목적: 당뇨병의 이환기간이 혈관의 내피세포 의존성 및 비의존성 이완능의 저하에 미치는 영향과 이환기간에 따라 oxygen-free radical(OFR)에 의한 동맥이완능의 손상정도에 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: Streptozotocin(STZ)으로 당뇨병이 유도된 3 주 및 10주째의 백서군과 연령이 비슷한 정상 대조백서군의 적출 대동맥환을 norepinephrine으로 수축시킨 상태에서 내피세포 의존성 이완제인 acetylcholine(ACh) 및 비의존성 이완제인 nitroglycerine(NTG)에 대한 이완능을 즉정하여 비교 관찬하였다. 또한 xanthine과 xanthine oxidase의 혼합으로 생성된 H₂O₂에 대동맥환을 노출시킨뒤 역시 ACh과 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상정도를 비교하였다. 결과: 3주및 10주째 당뇨병 백서의 대동맥환은 모두 대조군 백서의 대동맥환에 비해 ACh에 대한 이완능이 유의하게 감소하였으며 10주째 당뇨병 백서군에서의 ACh에대한 이완능의 저하는 3 주째 당뇨병 백서군에 비해 유의하게 심하였다.H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤 ACh에대한 이완능은 3주 및 10주 째 당뇨병 백서군에서 모두 대조군에 비해 유의하게 심한 손상을 보였으나 3주와 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 사이의 손상정도의 차이가 통계학적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 한편 3주 및 10주째 당뇨병 백서군 모두 NTH에 대한 대동맥환의 이완능은 대조 백서군과 별다른 차이가 없었으며 또 H₂O₂에 노출시킨 뒤에도 NTG에 대한 이완능의 손상은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론: STZ-당뇨병백서에서 대동맥의 이완능은 당뇨병에 이환된지 3 주째에 이미 ACh에 대한 내피세포 의존성 이완능이 선택적으로 저하되며 당뇨병의 이환기간이 길수록 이완능의 저하가 심하였고, OFR에 의한 동맥 이완능의 손상도 내피세포 의존성 이완능에만 선택적으로 나타나나 이환기간에 따라 OFR에 의한 이완능 손상정도에는 뚜렷한 차이가 없음을 시사하고 있다. Objectives: Diabetes mellitus produces histological evidence of endothelial as well as changes in vascular function in experimental animal. Oxygen free radicals interfere with of destroy endothelium-dependent relaxation in normal and diabetic blood vessels. The present study was investigated whether the duration of diabetic state can affect the severity of impairment in endothelium-dependent and/or independent relaxation and the sensitivity to oxygen free fadical (OFR)-induced damage in diabetic rat vasculature. Methods: The relaxative responses of aortic ring precontracted with norepinephrine in vitro to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and nitroglycerine (NTG) were conducted in 3- and 10- week streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats and agematched controls. After exposure to H₂O₂generated by mixing xanthine and xanthine oxidase, the degree of impairment in relaxative responses to ACh and NTG were also compared between 3- and 10-week diabetic rats. Results: The relaxative responses of aortic rings produced by cumulative concentrations of ACh were significantly lower in both 3- and 10-week diabetic rats than in the age-matched controls. The impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 10-week diabetic rats were significantly greater than those in 3-week ones. After H₂O₂ exposure, the impairments of relaxative responses to ACh in 3- and 10-week diabetic aortas was also significantly greater than those in the control in the control ones. However, the severity of H₂O₂-induced damage in 10-week diabetic aortas was not significantly different than that in 3-week ones. In contrast, aortic rings of 3- and 10-week diabetic rats could still be fully relaxed by NTG, even after exposure to H₂O₂. Conclusion: These findings suggest that in SRZ-diabetic rat aortas selective impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation to Ach can be found early even over a 3-week period after the induction of diabetes and the impairment may be greater in those with the longer duration of the diabetic state and that the impairment of the vascular relaxation by OFR is also selective to endothelium-dependent response but the sensitivity of OFR-induced damage may not be related to the duration of the diabetic state.

시상하부-뇌하수체 질환에서 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 기능검사의 진단적 의의

김수동,김신우,김정국,하승우,김보완 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1993 慶北醫大誌 Vol.34 No.4

시상하부-뇌하수체질환의 기저질환에 따른 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 자극검사의 진단적 가치를 알아보고자 81례의 뇌하수체 기능부전증환자를 대상으로 시상하부질환군과 Sheehan증후군, 말단비대증과 프로랙틴종, 그리고 뇌하수체선종에서 시야장애가 동반된 군과 장애가 없는 군으로 나누고 기능검사의 결과를 비교하였다. 1. Sheehan증후군 15례 가운데 GH 및 cortisol결핍이 전례(각각 100%)에서 FSH, LH 및 TSH결핍이 11∼12례(73∼80%)에서 관찰되었고 13례(86%)에서는 TRH에 대한 PRL분비증가가 저하 또는 소실되었다. 두개인두종 10례를 포함한 시상하부질환 14례 가운데 12례(86%)는 PRL의 기저지가 비정상직으로 증가되어 있었으며 TRH자극에 대해 PRL분비 증가가 11례(79%)에서 둔화되어 있었다. GH분비능도 11례(79%)에서 저하되었으며 그 밖의 cortisol, LH, TSH, FSH의 순으로 분비능이 저하되어 있었으나 그 빈도는 Sheehan증후군에 비해 전반적으로 낮았다. 2. 말단비대증 18례 가운데 14례(78%)에서 GH기저치가 비정상적으로 증가되어 있었고 13례(72%)는 저혈당자극에 대해 정상적인 GH의 증가를 보였으며 8례(44%)에서 고프로랙틴 혈증이 동반되었다. 프로랙틴종 18례 가운데 전례(100%)에서 PRL기저치가 증가되었고 13례(72%)에서 TRH에 대한 PRL의 증가반응이 둔화되었다. LH, FSH, cortisol 및 TSH분비능의 장애는 말단비대증군에서 프로랙틴종에 비해 다소 높은 빈도를 보이는 경향이었다. 3. 뇌하수체선종 가운데 시야장애가 동반된 21례에서 시야장애가 없는 23례에 비해 GH, cortisol및 LH의 분비반응이 저하된 빈도가 다소 높은 경향이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 종합적 뇌하수체전엽 기능검사는 시상하부-뇌하수체질환의 기저질환을 진단하는데 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있다고 생각한다. The combined stimulation test using TRH, LHRH and insulin has allowed investigation of the reserve of all pituitary tropic hormones under physiological and pathological conditions. To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of this test for differentiating the underlying causes of hypopituitarism, we analyzed retrospectively the results of these tests done in 81 patients with proven hypothalamo-pituitary disorders. 1. In 15 patients with Sheehan's syndrome as a typical type of primary hypopituitarism, responses of both GH and cortisol to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were decreased in 15 cases all (100% in both) and of FSH, LH and TSH in 11 to 12 cases(73-80%). Incremental response of prolactin(PRL) to TRH was diminished or absent in 13 cases(86%). In 14 patients with hypothalamic diseases, including 10 cases of craniopharyn-gioma, as a representative secondary hypopituitarism, the basal PRL levels were abnormally elevated in 12 cases (86%) and both responses of PRL to TRH and of GH to hypoglycemia were blunted in 11 cases (79% in both). The frequency of impaired cortisol secretion was 50%, followed by LH, TSH and FSH secretion : overall frequency much lower than in Sheehan's syndrome. 2. In 18 acromegalics with pituitary adenoma, basal GH levels were abnormally elevated in 14 cases(78%) and incremental responses of GH to hypoglycemia were found in 13(72%). Hyperprolactinemia was accompanied in 8 (44%). In 18 patients with prolactinoma, basal PRL levels were moderately to markedly elevated in all of them(100%) and responses of PRL to TRH were blunted in 13(72%). The frequency of impaired secretion of LH, FSH, cortisol and TSH was slightly higher in acromegalics than in patients with prolactinoma. 3. The frequency of impaired secretion of GH, cortisol and LH tended to be slightly higher in patients with pituitary adenoma associated with visual field defect than those without visual field defect. These results suggest that the combined pituitary stimulation test will give us some of reliable information for evaluating the underlying causes of hypopituitarism.

Seasonal phenology and damage by Singapora shinshana (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and other leafhoppers on ornamental trees in Korea

Kim Hyun‐guk,Kabir Md. Faisal,An Hyeon Jeong,Mwamula Abraham Okki,Oh Sumin,Jung Sunghoon,Lee Dong Woon 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.9

Singapora shinshana is a leafhopper native to mid-Asia with a specific host range and is one of the least studied species within the genus. Recently, the species has been found to cause significant damage to host plants including ornamental trees, normally inflicted by its sucking behavior. This study uncovered more details on host and season preference of S. shinshana, damage potential and symptoms caused by its feeding behavior on ornamental trees in Korea, in addition to other records of other leafhoppers of economic importance. During the sticky trap survey period from 2017 to 2019, 12 leafhopper species were recovered from the eight selected ornamental tree species. Singapora shinshana was the most dominant species, constituting 94.8% of the total collected leafhopper population; with its highest incidence observed on Prunus serrulata, followed by Elaeagnus umbellata and Pseudocydonia sinensis. The high abundance on P. serrulata correlated with high damaged leaf percentages of 94.2%, 95.2%, and 98.1% in October 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Interestingly, in terms of damaged leaf percentage, Rosa hybrida and Zelkova serrata were the second and third most damaged hosts despite the significantly lower population of the leafhopper on these trees. Furthermore, S. shinshana counts increased from late-July to late-September, with the peak evident during early August. Prunus serrulata can therefore be taken as one of the main host plants of S. shinshana. However, the potential of the host to suffer damage is not limited to population densities of the pest alone but also susceptibility and tolerance of the host plant.

미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Endothelin의 변화

서예경,정상원,남직화,신병호,전종민,김정국,김동희,하승우,김보완 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1996 慶北醫大誌 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 혈관내피세포에서 생성되는 endothelin(ET)는 강력한 혈관수축작용을 가진 펩타이드로 당뇨병 환자에서 혈관내피세포의 손상여부에 따라 혈중 농도가 증가할 수 있으며 혈관합병증과 관련이 있다는 보고가 있다. 그러나. 혈중 ET치의 상승과 당뇨병성 합병증의 상관성에 대해서는 논란이 많다. 이에 저자들은 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자에서 미세알부민뇨의 동반유무에 따른 혈중 ET치의 변화 및 혈장 ET치와 요중 알부민 배설률과의 상관성을 검토하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자중 미세알부민뇨를 보인 22명과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 43명을 대상으로 하였으며 혈장 ET를 측정하여 요중 알부민 배설률, 당뇨병성 망막증 및 당뇨병 관련인자들과의 관계를 비교하였다. 결과 : 당뇨병성 망막증이 합병된 군에서 망막증이 합병되지 않은 군에 비하여 혈장 ET치가 유의하게 높았던 반면 (각각 1.9±0.66, 1.5±0.76pg/㎖, p<0.05) 미세알부민뇨를 보인 군과 정상알부민뇨를 보인 군사이에 혈장 ET치는 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(각각 1.9±1.14, 1.7±0.69pg/㎖). 또한 요중 알부민 배설률과 혈장 ET치 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었으며 미세알부민뇨를 동반한 인슐린 비의존성 당뇨병 환자군에서 혈장 ET치는 당뇨병의 관련인자들과도 유의한 상관관계가 없었다. 결론 : 인슐린 비의존 당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 ET치가 초기 당뇨병성 신증의 합병여부나 미세알부민뇨의 정도를 반영하기는 어려울 것임을 시사한다. Background : Endothelin(ET), a potent vasoconstritor peptide released from vascular endothelial cells, is known to be increased in diabetic patients with vascular damage and related with diabetic angiopathy. However, whether plasma ET levels may be related to diabetic complications is controversial. We studied the change of ET levels in non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and relation between ET and urinary albumin excretion rate. Methods : Plasma ET levels of 22 non-insulin dependent diabetics with microalbuminuria and 43 patients with normoalbuminuria were measured and relations of plasma ET to diabetic complications such as urinary albumin excretion rate, retinopathy and other associated factors were studied. Results : Plasma ET levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than those without retinopathy(1.9 ± 0.66 vs 1.5 ± 0.76 pg/㎖. p<0.05). The difference, however, between diabetics with and without microalbuminuria was not significant(1.9 ± 1.14 vs 1.7 ± 0.69 pg/㎖). There were no correlations of plasma ET to urinary albumin excretion rate and to the other associated factors in non-insulin dependent diabetics. Conclusion : These results suggest that plasma ET levels may not seem to act as a predictor of diabetic nephropathy or microalbuminuria in non-insulin dependent diabetics.

산업단지 및 일반생활 지역의 공기 중 톨루엔에 대한 개인노출 및 생체시료의 상관성 분석

이병준(Byoungjun Lee),허 정(Jung Heo),정다영(Dayoung Jung),김순신(Sunshin Kim),류현수(Hyeon-Su Ryu),최민지(Min-Ji Choi),솨이지엔페이(Jian-Fei Shuai),임성국(Sung-Guk Im),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation relationship between personal exposure and urinary hippuric acid in biological monitoring for airborne toluene in an industrial complex and in general environments. Methods: Personal exposure to toluene and its metabolite, hippuric acid, in urine were simultaneously measured in occupational environments area near an industrial complex and in general environments. The study subjects were divided into three types: 137 workers who use organic solvents in the workplace, 210 residents living near a dyeing industrial complex, and 379 residents living in general environments. The toluene exposures of workers and residents were measured by a passive sampler for four days. The urine of participants was sampled when the passive samplers of personal exposure were collected. Results: The toluene and hippuric acid concentrations of workers were the highest, followed by the concentrations of residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments. The coefficient of correlation between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among workers was 0.749 (p<0.01) in the workplace. On the contrary, correlations between the concentrations of toluene and hippuric acid among residents living near a dyeing industrial complex and residents living in general environments were all not significant. The relationship between the concentrations of hippuric acid and toluene in three types could be described by the exponential growth model. Conclusions: This study analyzed the relationships between toluene exposure and the concentrations of hippuric acid in urine in high, middle, and low exposure environments, and could be described by the exponential growth model.

시스템 다이내믹스를 이용한 간호단위별 간호인력 산정에 관한 연구

김문실,성영희,권경자,김도형,김정아,신덕신,유인자,유재국,이현숙 병원간호사회 2006 임상간호연구 Vol.11 No.2

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to forecast manpower by building the nursing manpower-staffing model(surgical-medical nursing unite). Method: The system dynamics approach was adapted to build a simulation model for calculating medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing. The model was built up on Venism 5.0b DSS. Result: The results in the basic circumstance are in following. The level of nursing service quality, patientsatisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at medical-surgical nursing unit of the tertiary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 2.5:1-3.0:1 than at any other situations. The level of nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction maintains higher at madical nursing unit of the secontary hospotals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1 and at surgical nursing unit of the secondary hospitals with the ratio of bed to nurse 3.0:1-3.5:1 than at any other situations in the fundamental from. The results in the simulation circumstance are in following, As author raises the operating rate of bed into 95-100%, and cut skilled nursing staff down, the level of nursing-service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse job satisfaction drops slightly. Conclusion: In terms of economic efficiency on tertiary hospotals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical-surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1. In terms of economic efficiency on secondary hospitals, the ratio of bed to nurse for the best reasonable medical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.0:1 and surgical nursing manpower-staffing is 3.5:1

Glucosidase 활성 저해제의 검색

김국희,김봉석,신동범,정덕상,이선주 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 2002 연구보고 Vol.16 No.-

Methanol extracts of 30 different plants collected in Jeju Island were tested for α-glucosidase inhibition. When the final concentration of extracts was 0.2㎎/㎖ for each sample, Ardisia japornica Blume. showed 91%, 92% and 87% of inhibition for maltase, sucrase, and nonspecific α-glucosidase activity, respectively. Potentilla chinensis inhibited maltase and sucrase activities for 90% and 82%, respectively. Euphorbia helioscopia exerted 90% and 88% inhibition for maltase and nonspecific α-glucosidase activity, respectively.

회음부에 위치한 다고환증 1례

허정식,최국명,김광식 제주대학교 생명과학기술혁신센터 2002 제주생명과학연구 Vol.5 No.-

Polyorchidism, defined as the presence of more than two testes, is a rare anomaly with approximately 98 cases reported in literature. We report the case of a 73-year-old man who had trichorchidism, two normal testes and one perineal testis, but he had not subjective symptom. All testes were normal in size and in shape. We have reviewed the literature.

ECAP 강가공에 의한 5083 Al 합금의 초소성 변형

이정국,서창우,김병철,신동혁 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 2000 工學技術論文集 Vol.9 No.1

초기 결정립 크기가 200 μm인 상업용 5083 Al 합금에서 equal channel anglar pressing(ECAP) 강가공에 의하여 결정립을 초미세화 시킬 수 있었다. ECAP는 200℃에서 수행되었고, 반복 passes시 180˚ 회전을 주면서 같은 시편에 8 passes까지 강가공을 가하였다. 미세조직 특징은 1 pass후 평균 0.2 μm의 폭과 0.8 μm의 길이를 갖는 연신된 평행한 bands가 균일하게 형성 되었고, 4 passes후 결정립 크기가 약 0.3 μm인 등축의 초미세 결정립이 얻어졌다. 이러한 초미세 결정립을 갖는 5083 Al 합금에서 저온 초소성 성질이 얻어졌는데, 약 0.5 μm의 결정립 크기를 갖을 때 250℃이하의 온도에서 연신율이 200 %이상인 초소성 거동을 나타내었다. An ultrafine grained structure was introduced into a commercial 5083 Al alloy with the initial grain size of ∼200 μm using the equal channel angular pressing technique. Equal channel angular pressing was successfully conducted at 200℃ and the results showed that the microstructure was reasonably homogeneous after single passage and consisted of parallel bands of elongated substructure having the average width of 0.2 μm and the average length of 0.8 μm. Repetitive passes were conducted on the same sample up to total 8 passes through the die so that the sample was rotated 180˚ around its longitudanal axis between passes. An equiaxed ultrafine grained structure of ∼0.3 μm was obtained in the present alloy after 8 passes. It was found that a 5083 Al alloy with the grain size of ∼ 0.3 μm exhibited a superplastic-like behavior with elongation to failure in excess of 200% below.

고정층 액상흡착탑내의 합성흡착제/콜리딘계의 열역학적 흡착특성

이성식,김형준,이봉국,최정균 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 硏究報告 Vol.21 No.2

Adsorption Equilibria and Kinetics of collidine in a aqueous solution onto the synthetic resin adsorbent were carried out in a fixed bed absorber at 278, 288, 298 anti 308K for various concentration ranges respectively. The effective intraparticle diffusivity, D_(e), based on the concentration difference in the liquid phase, was determined by comparing experimental and theoretical uptake curves. The ratio of the effective diffusivity to moleculer diffusivity, D_(e)´/DAB were independent of the amount adsorbed and temperature for synthetic resin/collidine system. The result supported the concept that migrated of inter-microparticle gaps predominates over effective intraparticle mass transfer within synthetic porous adsorbent. Amount adsorbed q_(e) was correlated Q_(st) = 15.35 + [(-4.14) - q_(e)] and E_(a) = 6.28 + [(-1.671 q_(e)] with heat of adsorption(Q_(st)) and activation energy(E_(a)).