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Taek Jin Lim,Juhyun Kong,Sang Ook Nam,Shin Yun Byun,Sungsu Jung,Gyu Min Yeon,Yun-Jin Lee 대한소아신경학회 2022 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.30 No.2
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on children and adolescents with migraine. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study enrolled children and adolescents with migraine from the Department of Pediatric Neurology at our hospital from January 2017 to June 2021. Self-reported data from individual headache diaries were used. The patients were questioned about their headache frequency and intensity, stress, physical activity, changes in mood and sleep, and their school and home lives during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment (Ped-MIDAS) scoring system was applied to assess headache-related disability. Results: In total, 325 pediatric migraine patients (mean age 12.8±5.6 years, 62.5% female) were included in this study. The average monthly frequency of migraine headaches was 2.17±1.32 and 4.62±3.29 before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (P<0.001), respectively. The Ped-MIDAS score was obtained for 207 patients both before and during the pandemic, and the total score slightly increased from 13.8 to 14.7 points (P=0.295). Sixty patients (18.5%) showed significantly worsening migraine headaches. Younger age (P=0.017), mood deterioration (P<0.001), sleep problems (P<0.001), increased acute medication use (P=0.010), and larger changes in the Ped-MIDAS score (P=0.002) were significantly associated with worsening headache in the logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Headache attacks in children and adolescents with migraine were more frequent during the COVID-19 pandemic than before it. Worsening headaches could be independently attributed to younger age, mood deterioration, and poor sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic.
진주현(Juhyun Jin),박선영(Sun-Young Park) 다문화건강학회 2023 다문화건강학회지 Vol.13 No.2
Purpose: This study examines the multicultural attitudes of first-year nursing students, as well as the factors influencing these attitudes. Methods: Data were collected from 129 first-year nursing students at a university in 2023. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted using SPSS 25.0. Results: The multicultural attitude score of the students was 4.2 out of 5. Multicultural attitudes were associated with several factors, including younger age (t=2.44, p=0.016), experience with multicultural people (t=-2.36, p=0.020), having multicultural friends (t=-2.04, p=0.043), and volunteer experience with multicultural people (t=-2.88, p=0.005). The multiple linear regression analysis using these factors explained 10.3% of the multicultural attitudes (F=3.58, p=0.009). Among these factors, the strongest factor was volunteer experience (β=0.36, p=0.036). Conclusion: A significant increase in multicultural attitudes was determined in first-year nursing students who were younger and had been exposed to multicultural individuals through volunteer work. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop systematic educational programs based on multicultural experiences for first-year nursing college students to enhance their multicultural attitudes. Moreover, the timing and structure of multicultural curricula should be examined to effectively foster multicultural experiences among nursing students.
SLC3A2 and SLC7A2 Mediate the Exogenous Putrescine-Induced Adipocyte Differentiation
Jin Eom,Juhyun Choi,Sung-Suk Suh,Jong Bae Seo 한국분자세포생물학회 2022 Molecules and cells Vol.45 No.12
Exogenous polyamines are able to induce life span and improve glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. However, the effects of exogenous polyamines on adipocyte differentiation and which polyamine transporters mediate them have not been elucidated yet. Here, we identified for the first time that exogenous polyamines can clearly stimulate adipocyte differentiation through polyamine transporters, solute carrier family 3 member A2 (SLC3A2) and SLC7A1. Exogenous polyamines markedly promote 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by increasing the intracellular lipid accumulation and the expression of both adipogenic and lipogenic genes in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, exogenous putrescine mainly regulates adipocyte differentiation in the early and intermediate stages. Moreover, we have assessed the expression of polyamine transporter genes in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes. Interestingly, the putrescine-induced adipocyte differentiation was found to be significantly suppressed in response to a treatment with a polyamine transporter inhibitor (AMXT-1501). Furthermore, knockdown experiments using siRNA that specifically targeted SLC3A2 or SLC7A2, revealed that both SLC3A2 and SLC7A2 act as important transporters in the cellular importing of exogenous putrescine. Thus, the exogenous putrescine entering the adipocytes via cellular transporters is involved in adipogenesis through a modulation of both the mitotic clonal expansion and the expression of master transcription factors. Taken together, these results suggest that exogenous polyamines (such as putrescine) entering the adipocytes through polyamine transporters, can stimulate adipogenesis.
Juhyun Kong,Yun-Jin Lee,Ara Ko,Young Mi Kim,Gyu Min Yeon,Sang Ook Nam 대한소아신경학회 2020 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.28 No.3
Purpose: Multiple independent spike foci (MISF) have been reported to be associated with hypsarrhythmia and slow spikes and waves. However, some patients with MISF demonstrate a good prognosis, such as benign focal epilepsy. This study aimed to elucidate the prognosis of epileptic children with MISF and to analyze the prognostic factors. Methods: The subjects were 115 epileptic children aged 1 to 18 years who visited Pusan National University Children’s Hospital between November 2008 and July 2016 and in whom MISF were noted on electroencephalography. We excluded patients with infantile spasms, congenital metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, or post-encephalitic epilepsy. We retrospectively reviewed participants’ clinical information. Seizure control was defined as no seizures over 6 months at the last visit. Prognostic factors were analyzed in the seizure control (group A; 84 [73%]) and no seizure control (group B; 31 [27%]) groups. Results: Generalized seizure (P=0.033), intellectual disability (P<0.001), cerebral palsy (P=0.046), and abnormal background activity and electrodecrements on electroencephalography (P<0.001) were significantly more common in group B. No clinically significant abnormalities were noted on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The MISF improved on follow-up electroencephalography in 58 (71.6%) patients in group A versus 10 (35.7%) in group B (P=0.002). Conclusion: Despite MISF on electroencephalography, two-thirds of patients had a benign clinical course, particularly those with post-infantile epilepsy and no infantile spasms. The prognostic factors of poor outcomes were generalized seizures, intellectual disability, and abnormal background activity on electroencephalography.