위암발증 원인에 대한 생활습관 및 영양섭취에 있어서 농촌지역 주민 조사 : 강원도 화천군 주민의 Helicobacter pylori 감염률을 중심으로 Infection of Helicobacter pylori in Whachon Area, Kang-Won Do

권태봉,이정선,우영국,이명헌,정철원,주진순 한국식품영양학회 1999 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

위암발증의 원인을 밝히기 위하여 설문조사를 통하여 강원도 화천군에 거주하는 주민들의 일반사항, 생활습관 및 영양섭취실태와, ELISA법으로 Helicobacter pylori 감염률을 조사하였다. 조사 대상자는 40∼69세까지의 지역주민 169명으로 남자 79명, 여자 90명이었으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 조사 대상자의 학력은 65.7%가 초등학교 이하였으며, 월수입은 60%가 50만원 이하였다. 대상자의 62.7%가 농업에 종사하였고 자녀수는 64.3%가 3∼5명이었으며 대상자의 34.5%가 흡연을 하고 있었고 68.4%가 음주를 한다고 대답하였다. 대상자의 전체 평균신장은 156.7㎝로 여자는 150.1㎝, 남자는 164.4㎝ 이었다. 평균체중은 61.1㎏으로 여자의 체중은 57㎏, 남자는 65.7㎏이었으며 BMI는 전체 평균 25.5%로 여자는 24.8%, 남자는 20.1%이었다. Helicobacter pylori의 감염률은 전체 조사대상자의 66.3%이었으며, 여자의 67.7%, 남자의 64.6%가 감염되었고 연령별로는 40대의 70%, 50대의 62.2%, 60대의 69.4%가 각각 감염된 것으로 나타났다. 일상 생활 요인에 따른 Helicobacter pylori의 감염률은 흡연의 정도가 심하고 학력이 낮으며 월수입이 낮을수록 높은 경향을 보였다. Helicobacter pylori의 감염여부에 따라 감염자와 비감염자의 영양섭취량을 조사해 본 결과 비감염자는 감염자와 비교해서 에너지, 총단백질, 동물성 단백질, 칼슘, 비타민 C 섭취량이 높은 경향을 보였으며 철분과 niacin의 섭취량은 낮은 경향을 보였다. To examine the relationship between the casual infection of gastric cancer and lifestyle and nutritional status, we surveyed 169 persons, 90 females and 79 males, aged 40∼69 years from June 7 to June 14, 1997, in Whachon area, Kang-Won Do, Korea. For this purpose, we investigated Helicobacter pylori infection and identified the effect of sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, economic status, occupation, life-style and food intake on Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori status was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA) for anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G(IgG). Helicobacter pylori infection was present in 66.3% of total subjects, namely, 67.7% of female and 64.6% of male and its prevalence increased with smoking, low education level and low monthly income. Energy, total protein, calcium and vitamin C intakes in the negative Helicobacter pylori infection group were higher than those in positive Helicobacter pylori infection group. However iron and niacin intakes were lower in the Helicobacter pylori negative group than in the positive group.

청소년의 스마트폰 중독과 우울 및 불안과의 관계

김경은,김필송,민주연,박수경,신서인,이지은,정해인,조호정,최정원,최정인 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2013 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.47

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the degree of smart phone addiction among adolescents and their depression and anxiety levels. Method: In this study, 379 high school students were selected using the convenient sampling method. The instruments used for this study were smart phone addiction measure, the CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), and the STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Result: The mean score for smart phone addiction was 40.45±17.27, depression was 36.56±9.58, state anxiety was 44.00±9.61, and trait anxiety was 45.70±9.75. There were significant differences between the degree of smart phone addiction and the following variables: gender (t=-4.953, p<.001), hours of smart phone use per day (F=12.259, p<.001), types of frequently used features (F=3.485, p=.008), and satisfaction level for smart phone (F=5.18, p<.001). There were statistically significant relationships (p<.001) among degree of smart phone addiction, depression level, and state and trait anxiety levels. Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that there was a significant relationship between smart phone addiction and mental health, specifically, depression and anxiety among adolescents. Further research is needed to develop nursing strategies to provide care for adolescents who frequently utilize smart phones.

정상과 만성염증성 활막배양세포에서 Corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH)이 cyclooxygenaase-1(COX-1)과 cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) mRNA발현에 미치는 영향

정운원,이승관,이창규,조경진,김성욱,하주희,서장훈 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2000 保健科學論集 Vol.26 No.1

Corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) is a major regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis(HPA). In inflammatory stress, the cytokines TNF-, IL-6 stimulate the production of CRH, a 41 amino acids neuropeptide, in the hypothalamus. The release of CRH leads to pituitary production of adrenocorticotropic hormone, followed by glucocorticoid secretion by the adrenal cortex. Glucocorticoids suppress namy components of the inflammatory process. Recently, CRH and CRH receptor were reported to be located in the periphery such as Immune system and chronic inflammatory sites as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cyclooxygenase consisted of two isoforms, COX-1 and COX-2, converts arachdonate to prostaglandins(PGs) which are important mediators of inflammation. insymoviocyte in RA, it was described that COX-2 mRNA was markedly increased by inflammatory agents, PMA or IL-1 and COX-1 transcripts were not modulated. We examined the modulation of COX by immune CRH in cultured normal and rheumatoid synoviocytes. Our results were shown that COX-1 mRNA expression decreased with the each stimulation of PMA and IL-1 in normal synoviocyte. In RA synoviocyte, PMA and IL-1 were increased mRNA expression of COX-1. In simultaneous treatment with CRH, PMA group was decreased, but IL-1 group was increased mRNA expression of COX-1. COX-2 mRNA expression was slightly increased by the treatment with PMA and highly increased by IL-1. After CRH treatment, PMA and IL-1 addictively increased COX-2 mRNA expression. We think that these results are contributed to the influence of increased cANP by CRH on the promoter of COX-2 in normal and synoviocytes. Because many cytokines, neuropeptides, and signal transduction pathways are involved in chronic inflammation, the exact role of CRH on inflammation is not fully elucidated. To achieve this goal, further experiments are needed.

치근단 미완성 치아의 자가치아이식

정지숙,박호원,이주현,서현우 大韓小兒齒科學會 2012 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.39 No.1

자가치아이식이란 자신의 치아를 구강 내의 한 위치에서 다른 발치와나 외과적으로 형성된 치조와로 이동시키는 술식이다. 통상적으로 이 술식은 상실되거나 보존하기 힘든 제1대구치를 다른 치아로 대체하거나, 매복된 견치를 악궁의 정상 위치로 이동시키거나, 전치부와 같이 심미적으로 중요한 부위의 상실된 치아를 소구치로 대체하는 경우에 많이 사용된다. 자가치아이식을 성공적으로 수행하기 위해서는 세심한 수술 기법과 더불어 적절한 증례 선택이 중요한데, 이식할 치아는 치근 발육이 1/2~3/4 정도 이루어진 미성숙 치아가 유리하고 근단공이 넓을수록 치수 재혈관화의 가능성도 높아져 이후의 근관 치료의 필요성도 줄일 수 있다. 본 증례들은 소아에서 치근단 미완성 치아의 자가치아이식을 통해 임상적, 방사선학적으로 양호한 치유 결과를 얻었고, 별도의 근관 치료 없이 양호한 치수 치유 결과를 보였기에 보고하는 바이다. Autogenous tooth transplantation can be defined as the surgical movement of a tooth from one position in the mouth to another in the same individual. The most common reasons for tooth transplantation include replacement of a missing first molar, transplantation of impacted canines to their normal positions in the arch, and transplantation of premolars in areas of missing teeth, especially in the anterior area of the mouth. The key to successful tooth transplantation is proper selection of graft with adequate root development as well as the design of surgical operation. Root development stage with half to three-quarter-developed roots increase the success rate of autotransplantation. We report the cases of successful autotransplantation which resulted in ideal healing of periodontal ligament, gingiva and alveolar bone. All transplanted teeth presented immature root formation at the moment of the procedure. After surgical procedure, we can observe good healing pattern without endodontic problem.

지방산을 투여한 마우스의 Salmonella typhi에 대한 항체 생성력

함건주,이원재,이정화,김용호 THE KOREAN SOCIETY FOR BIOMEDICAL LABORATORY SCINE 1995 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.1 No.1

지방산 식이가 항체 생성력에 미치는 영향을 알아 보기 위하여 ICR계 마우스를 기본사료만 투여한 대조군, 돈유 투여군, 그리고 정어리유 투여군으로 나눈 다음, 추출한 지방산을 8주동안 경구 투여한 후, 마우스 간조직 중의 지방산 조성 변화, Salmonella typhi에 대한 항체 역가, 복강내 대식세포의 탐식능 및 비장세포의 증식능을 비교 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 대조군에 비하여 돈유 투여군에서는 C18:3, C20:3, C20:4 등의 지방산이 감소하였고, 정어리 투여군에서는 C18:1, C18:2/C18:0를 제외한 주요 불포화 지방산 성분이 감소되었다. 대식세포의 탐식능에서는 대조군에 비하여 실험군의 대식세포 탐식능이 저하되었고, 마우스 생체 항체 생성력은 돈유 투여군이 대조군 및 정어리유 투여군보다 높은 역가를 나타내었으며, 마우스 비장세포 배양 상층액 중의 항체 역가는 마우스 생체 역가와는 다르게 정어리유 투여군이 더 높은 역가를 나타내었다. 또한 비장세포 증식능은 지방산 투여군이 대조군보다 높았고, 그 중에서도 정어리유 투여군이 돈유 투여군보다 높은 증시능을 나타내었다. 이러한 차이는 포화, 불포화 지방산 균형 증가에 의하여 면역 억제력이 높아진 결과로 생각되며, 포화 지방산의 투여는 항체 생성력을 현저하게 증가시킬 수는 있으나 면역억제력은 나타내지 못함을 알 수 있었다. The effect of different fatty acids supplementation on antibody production of Salmonella typhi was studied in ICR mice. Subjects supplemented their diets with 50㎍ of extracted pig oil(as a saturated fatty acid) and fish oil (as a unsaturated fatty acid) / 2 days for 8 weeks. Blood was collected control and experimental groups of mice after 8 weeks of oil supplementation. The different fatty acids supplementation reduced unsaturated fatty acids composition in mice liver such as C18:3, C20:3 and C20:4 except C18:1 and C18:2/C18:0 in fish oil and pig oil groups compared to control group. Also, the phagocytic activities of mice macrophages for Candida albicans was reduced by 6% in pig oil group and 9% in fish oil group than control group. The antigen-stimulated lympocyte proliferative response was significantly increased by fatty acid in pig oil group(48%) but 57% in fish oil group. The different fatty acid supplementation increased antibody production in both experimental groups than control group ; this increase was only significant in pig oil group(1:2⁴) on mice but not in fish oil group(1:2 )compared to control group(1:2 ), however, increased antibody titer in both groups in-vitro spleen cell culture supematant(1:2³in fish oil group and 1:2²in pig oil group compared to control group 1: 2 ). Thus, fish oil supplementation was immunosuppresive agent in macrophage phagocytosis, in-vivo antibody producibilities and lympocyte proliferation but pig oil supplementation was more effective than fish oil in antibody formation in-vivo. We find that antibody producibilities affected by fed on different fatty acids were considered by balance between saturated and unsaturated fatty acid, and C20:3/C20:4 ratio. Also, it affected to antigen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage phagocytic activities.

Mongolian gerbil 심장동맥의 해부학적 연구

송치원,정주영,이미영,김무강,현병화 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1998 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.6 No.-

The arterial supply to heart of mongolian gerbil has been described. Observations were made by the specimens injected with latex after the flowing through in left ventricle. The results were summaried as follows; 1. A. coronaria arose from the initial portion of Aorta in heart and A. coronaria dextra and sinistus arose in Aortic sinus on 10 specimens. A. coronaria sinistra arose more near boundary of Aortic sinus than A. coronaria dextra. 2. A. coronaria sinistra which arose from Aortic sinus divided into Ramus interventricularis sinistra and Ramus circumflexus sinistra. A. coronaria dextra which arose from Aortic sinus only runed continously as Ramus interventriculares dextra. 3. Ramus interventricular sinistra not reach the heart apex through the sulcus interventricula but stopped in thoracocostal plan extending to under part. 4. R. circumflexus runed theough sulcus coronarius, thereafter it runed from left ventricle to Sulcus interventricularis dorsalis. 5. A. coronaria dextra runed to diaphargm side through sulcus interventricula dorsi thereafter it became Ramus interventricular dextra. It distrubuted left and right ventricle wall on 8 specimens and 2 specimen stopped margo obtusus.

간내 포충낭 1예

김정미,최교원,이헌주 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.1

In humans, echinococcal species produce cystic lesions primarily involving the liver and lung. Echinococcal infection is caused far more commonly by Echinococcus granulosa than by E. multilocularis, which accounts for less than 5 per cent of all cases of hydatid liver disease. Hydatid disease occurs principally in sheep grazing areas, particularly in the Australia, New Zealand, Greece, Yugoslavia, Middle East, and South American countries, but with increasing migration and traveling, this disease now has a worldwide distribution. This disease is rare in Korea and only few cases have been reported. This is a clinical case report of hydatid cyst of liver caused by Echinococcus granulosus in a 52-year-old man who had been dispatched in the Vietnam from 1966 to 1968.

가변클럭주파수 계수방식을 이용한 디지틀 주파수합성기 구현에 관한 연구

김원후,장은영,정용주 한국항공대학교 1989 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

본 논문에서는 종래의 위상누적방식을 이용한 디지틀 주파수합성기의 성능을 향상시키기 위해, 클럭주파수 합성방식의 디지틀 주파수합성기를 설계하고 제작하였다. 고정된 시스템 클럭주파수를 가지고 위상초기치를 가변, 누적시키는 위상 누적방식과는 달리, 클럭주파수 합성방식에서는 PLL을 사용하여 클럭주파수를 가변합성 하였고, 이를 N진 계수기의 입력으로 사용하여 고정된 위상 누적치를 갖게 하였다. 성능실험결과 기존의 위상누적방식에서 나타났던 주기적인 출력왜곡현상이 발생하지 않게되어, 양자화 불요잡음의 발생이 줄어들었으나, 위상누적방식보다 동일한 설계조건에서 출력대역폭이 계수기의 계수상태에 반비례하여 좁아졌고, PLL을 사용하기 때문에 회로구성이 복잡해졌다. In this paper, the digital frequency synthesizer with the clock counting method is designed and implemented to increase the performance of the digital frequency synthesizer with phase accumulating method which was developed before. Unlike an phase accumulating method, clock counting method is supplied a continually variable clock frequency with PLL(Phase Locked Loop)and allocated a fixed phase step with N-ary counter.

최근 9년간 신경정신과에 입원한 환자에 대한 임상적 고찰(1972∼1980년)

이정호,안일남,오석환,정영조,최영민,원장섭,김영훈,하혜경,이승탁,이영주 인제대학교 1983 仁濟醫學 Vol.4 No.2

정신질환 환자들에 대한 정확한 생태를 파악함은 정신 건강과 치료 대책을 세우는데 중요하다. 이에 본 저자들은 1972년부터 1980떤 사이에 인제의대 부속 서울백병원 신경정신과에 입원하여 치료 받았던 환자들에 대한 제반 요인들을 분석 검토하였다. Clinical charactristics of neuropsychiatric inpatients were evaluated and discussed with special referrence to their diagnostic distribution. All discharged cases from neuropsychatric ward of Seoul Paik Hospital during nine years from 1972 to 1980 were 2863. Among them 813 cases were discarded from this study because their clinical charts were vague in description of failed to find out. The materials of this study were extracted from 2050 discharged cases. Total number of cases of inpatients were gradually increasing by each year from 1972 to 1980. Psychoneurosis was diagnosed in 45.2%, schizophrenia in 26.9%, organic brain syndrome in 8.9%, major affective disorder in 5.5%, personality disorder in 4.8%, other psychiatric disorder in 1.5%, psychophysiologic disorder in 1.0%, mental retardation in 0.5%, paranoid state in 0.5%, and other psychosis in 0.3%. The gruop of patients, ranging in age from 21 to 40 was the highest (75.2%) in this study. Male patients were 43.9% and female patients were 56.1%. Schizophrenia leas diagnosed in 32.9%, depressive neurosis in II.3%, anxiety neurosis in 9.3%, and personality disorder in 8.1% in male patients. Hysterical neurosis was diagnosed in 25.5%, depressive neurosis in 22.2%, schizophrenia in 22.2%, and anxiety neurosis in 7.0% in female patients. The authors evaluated the route of admission of patients. Sixty-eight point three percent of total studied cases were admitted through outpatient department, 20.9% of cases were admitted through emergeney room, and 8.2% of cases were transfered from other department or hospital. Among patients who were admitted to psychiatric wards through emergency room and transferred from other department or hospital, psychoneurosis was the hightest diagnostic group in rate. Most of patients who were transferred from other department or hospital were from Internal Medical Department. There were no relationship between seasonality of admission and diagnostic group in this study. readmission rate of total studied patients in neuropsychiatric department of Seoul Paik Hospital was 30%. The readmission rate of personality disorder, mental retardation, schizophrenia, and major affective disorder were relatively high. The cases who were discharged against medical advice were 441. Among them misunderstanding about psychiatric treatment was predominent. Twenty seven percent of patients had physical illness at or during admission. The patients who were diagnosd as psychophysiological disorder had physical illness in 42.8%, 35.4% in personality disorder, 33.9% in major affective disorder, and 24.3% in schizophrenia. About nine percent of total studied cases had the history of attempted suicide. Major affective disorder, Personality disorder, Deressive neurosis, and Other Psychosis showed high incidence of history of attempted suicide prior to admission.

목포해역의 확산양상

강주환,박선중,문승록,박민원 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

Tidal currents had been reduced remarkably since the constructions of Youngsan River Seadike and Youngam/Keumho Seawalls at the semi-enclosed Mokpo coastal zone. This deteriorates the water quality of the zone seriously, because reduced currents prevent pollutants flushing out or diluting easily. Three cases are simulated numerically with HD and AD modules of the MIKE21 software; continuously pollutants discharging case at Mokpo Harbor, intermittent discharging case at the gate of the Seadike, and continuously pollutants discharging case at Chungkye Bay. The results of all the cases show that the majority of the pollutants does not flush out but remains at Mokpo coastal zone. Especially, the release from gates of the Seadike may cause that fresh water concentration prevails near Mokpo Harbor.