1997년 이후 홍콩인 정체성의 지속과 변화 : 홍콩인 정체성 만들기'의 문화적 의미 The Cultural Meanings of 'Making of Hongkonger Identity'

홍석준 한국인문과학회 2006 人文學論叢 Vol.5 No.2

This study is to examine the continuity and change of 'Hongkonger' identity in HongKong since 1997, when the sovereignty returned from the British to the People's Republic of China. It concentrates on the characteristics and meanings of the economic structure in Hong Kong society. Hong Kong has experienced the drastic change of social structure or cultural systems, including economic structure and its process. She has experienced the enormous cultural change with relation to the change of political systems and economic structures. HongKonger has faced upon the predictable social situations when they had migrated from mainland China, especially from the southern area of mainland China including Guangdong province. They have settled down successfully under the strange and heterogeneous circumstances by utilizing the various adaptive strategy effectively. From this perspective, how the HongKonger identity will be changed? Some aspects of them may be maintained despite of the drastic social change by the Chinese government's political power and economic policy. But some aspects of them will be changed drastically. Perhaps, HongKonger may experience the cultural conflict between the Hongkonger identity and the Chinse identity with relation to the differences between democratic system and socialist system in politics, between the global or world capitalist system and the mixed system with socialist and capitalist economic system, between the social order with international or global standard of living and planned standard of living by the solid and strong state. In various and subtle conflicts and tensions, the Hongkonger has experienced the cultural pressure from the powerful demands of the cultural characteristics of 'Hong Kong-ness' since1997. In present, they experience the confusion of their cultural identities in the process of culture contacts between the previous culture and the new culture after 1997. Because the cultural identity of particular group is not an isolated social entity, but a cultural construct that is formed and transformed continuously in particular historical experience, the cultural identities of Hongkonger also are formed and transformed in according to the continuity and change of cultural characteristics and meanings of their identities. In this sense, the cultural identity of Hongkonger can be regarded as an flexible and changable construct in the process of particular historical and social circumstance. Its characteristics and meanings have been expressed remarkably in the continuity and change of Hongkonger identity since 1997.

한국에서의 '동아시아 정체성' 담론들에 대한 비판적 검토

홍석준 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2003 人文學論叢 Vol.3 No.-

Recently, there grow popular discourses on East Asianess or East Asian Identity in both Korean academia and the general public. In this paper, I will argue this trend as a sociocultural phenomenon which we should pay attention to. Various discourses on East Asia-ness in contemporary Korea will be summarized in three dimensions as follows. The first one emphasizes the historical necessity to construct an "East Asian community" or an East Asian regional bloc at the politico-economic instance, which can be achieved through social scientific approaches based on the geographical concept of East Asia. In this context, it is possible to advocate the East Asian community based on the cohesion of East Asian countries such as China, Japan and Korea in order to predict and lead the changes and transformations of future global environments. The second perspective is a humanistic discourse questioning the problematic or fundamental paradigm or framework which is based on the legitimacy of knowledges and historical interpretations of Western tradition. It focuses on the literature, philosophy, art, and historical interpretation of East Asian tradition. In this perspective, it is emphasized that the East Asian tradition should be regarded as an historical entity deeply imbedded in the everyday lives of East Asian peoples. These perspectives can be interpreted as the approach that is to rediscover and redefine the East Asian original or unique cultures in the process of the counter-discourses against Western ones. Thirdly, there are discourses of so-called East Asian regional culture, which have developed from various dimension. These approaches emphasize the definition of the concept of culture. In these approaches, the verification of cultural entity and essence of East Asia appear as the main task of the academic exploration and intelligent effort. Therefore, the essence of East Asian discourses should be focused on the cultural debate among cultures or families and kinship systems with regard to the culture, the principles of social organization, ethnicity, etc. In this paper, I critically review the contents of the discourses on East Asian identity, and explore a clue to investigate the essence of East Asian identity or the East Asianess as a cultural community paradoxically. I conclude that the entity of East Asian identity or East Asianess may not exist or do not exist as an essential form. I insist that it should be a just cultural trend or a fashion to maximize the political and economic interests of various countries, especially China, Japan, and Korea. In order to review this cultural phenomenon critically, I examine the historical backgrounds and the cultural meanings of the formation and transformation of "East Asian identity" discourse in contemporary context in this paper.

두경부에 발생한 방선균증 3예

홍석중,주준범,김용재,이봉재 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.11

여성 장애인의 정체성과 인권 : 공동체로서의 집단정체성 구축과 인권 문제를 중심으로

홍석준,성정현 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구소 2003 아시아여성연구 Vol.42 No.-

본 연구는 여성 장애인들의 정체성과 인권의 문제 사이에 어떠한 관계가 있으며, 이들의 정체성과 인권에 대한 새로운 개념을 구축하기 위해 실질적으로 어떠한 활동을 하는가에 주목함으로써 여성 장애인을 하나의 당당한 소수자 집단으로 인식해야 한다는 문제의식에서 출발하였다. 이를 통해 여성 장애인들을 하나의 사회집단으로 인정하는 분위기를 조성하는 데 기여하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 먼저 여성 장애인의 자조모임의 실태를 알아보고 목표와 취지 및 실천 프로그램은 어떠한 것들이 있으며, 이를 통한 세력화를 위해 여성 장애인들은 실제로 어떠한 활동을 전개하고 있는가에 대한 설명을 제시하였다. 나아가 그들의 자조모임과 정부 산하기관 및 국내외의 NGO들과는 어떠한 연계 형성을 구성하고 있으며, 그것의 앞으로의 방향과 전개가 갖는 정치사회적, 문화적 의미는 무엇인가에 대해 논의하였다. 연구결과, 현재 공식적으로 파악된 여성 장애인 관련 자조집단은 169개였으며, 이중 서울, 경기지역은 31개였다. 이 자조집단들에 대한 조사를 통해 총 13개의 집단의 설립연도, 목표, 활동, 동기, 연계집단 등에 대한 자료를 수집하였다. 아직까지는 다양한 연계망을 구축하고 있지는 않았으며, 기관중심적인 설립 및 활동의 양상을 보이고 있었지만, 최근 여성 장애인의 권익을 보호하고 이를 확보하려는 목적 하에 다양한 활동을 전개하고 있는 자조집단의 형성과 구축을 통해 여성 장애인의 사회적 지위가 변화하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 앞으로 여성 장애인 개개인의 사회적 차별을 극복할 수 있는 역량과 기능을 강화하는 방향으로 자조집단을 활성화하는 이론적, 실천적 작업은 여성 장애인의 개인적, 사회적 대처능력을 향상시키는 데 매우 중요한 의미를 갖게 될 것이라는 결론을 도출해 낼 수 있었다. Women with disabilities face a double discrimination and violation of human rights due to their gender and disabilities. To analyze the relations between their identification and human rights and to construct a new concept, this study focus on their self-groups. That is to say, the purpose of the study is to describe the self-groups and communities of Korean women with disabilities in respect of human rights and group identification. Therefore thirteen groups' leaders or social workers are interviewed to investigate the goals, motivations, programs or activities, and networks. The study combines analysis of telephone interview data, e-mail responses and semi-structured questionnaires. Results show that most of disabled women's groups are social welfare agency-centred communities and their network activities are not diverse, community-based and job-oriented. But their programs and activities reveal the goals to protect and ensure the disabled women's rights, Therefore the formations and constructions of diverse self support groups or communities contribute to develop the social status the women with disabilities and human rights. To guarantee the rights of women with disabilities, it is necessary to support their communities and group identifications.

말레이 무슬림 정체성의 역동적 성격 : 말레이시아 끌란딴(Kelantan)과 태국 빠따니(Patani)의 말레이 사회에 대한 비교연구 The Comparative Study of Malay Societies in Malaysia and Thailand

홍석준 한국동남아학회 2003 동남아시아연구 Vol.13 No.1

This paper deals with ethnicity and ethnic identity in Malaysia and southern Thailand at the intra-Malay level. It was once supposed that ethnicity became a more important aspect of people's identity with culture contact. Ethnicity was associated with tradition and conservatism in the organization of social relations, and urbanization with modernity and change. Continued research of the matter has indicated otherwise, however. In the ethnically diverse and competitive environment of the modern cultural situation, ethnic awareness tends to be heightened, and ethnicity is likely to become not less but more relevant as a basis for people's relating to one another. This paper examines the historical, early ethnographic, and contemporary political analyses of the dynamics of the Malay-Muslims identities of Malaysia, especially Kelantan(the northeastern area of Malay peninsula) state, and Thailand, especially Patani region where located in the southern area of Thailand. The historical and ethnographic overview descries the Islamic influence on the traditional kingdom of Patani and Kelantanese Malays, the consequences of British colonialism, and the results of the reign of Thailand kingdom. The contemporary plolitical analysis is deprived from scholarly attempts at assessing the recent situation of Malay-Muslims as they faced the internal colonialism of the Thailand government and experience ethnic repression in malaysia and Thailand. The central concern in this paper is that under what conditions is ethnic identity activated and used as the basis for political mobilization more actively and effectively. In other words, what accounts for variation in the level of ethnic nationalism between the two Malay-Muslims communities? In this paper, it is hypothesized that certain aspects of ethnic policy produce the conditions under which ethnicity becomes most effectively utilized by the group as the basis for political mobilization. Consequently, this paper proposes to examine the relationship between the religious and ethnic policy and political mobilization, and degree of involvement in religious or ethnic activities of the Malay-Muslims communities in Malaysia and southern Thailand. The dynamics of ethnicity in Malaysia and Thailand show that the Malay-Muslims'ideas and attitudes of their own traditions have strict oppositions or a lot of differentiations in terms of the differences of religious understandings of Islamic principles and values, which have been influenced by the implementation of Islamization policy. In conclusion, this paper has illustrated the fluidity of malay-Muslims identities in Malaysia and Thailand, and has stressed that these identities are continually constructed and reconstructed on the basis of situationally defined political and social interests. They are not just primordial, nor are they purely voluntary constructions. They interact with outside forces, definitions as well and are important resources for political organizing. A remaining issue is whether these identities facilitate connections or set up barriers.

세계화 시대의 문화적 정체성의 분절과 통합 : 다문화주의'와 '신민족주의'는 병존 가능한가? Multiculturalism? or Neonationalism?

홍석준 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2004 人文學論叢 Vol.4 No.-

This paper examines the characteristics and meanings of the segmentation and integration of cultural identity in contemporary Korea in the age of globalization in terms of questioning the interrelationship between multiculturalism and neonationalism. Exactly speaking, it is concerned with the question about "Can multiculturalism be coexisted with neonationlism in global situation?" Thus this paper's subtitle, "multiculturalism? or neonationalism?" has the double meanings in that multiculturalism can or cannot be coexisted with neonationalism according to the different and heterogeneous cultural environment. In globalizaton process, multiculturalism is an important concept to understand the segmentation and integration of cultural identity among ethnic groups in the world. There are few societies in the world today not marked by multicultural heterogeneity of one kind and degree or another. Those who find themselves in one multicultural context might learn from or illuminate conditions in another. Multiculturalism stands for a wide range of social articulations, ideas, and practices that the "-ism" reduces to a formal singularity, fixing it into a cemented condition, the ideology of "political correctness." Thus converted into the fundamentals of and "-ism," the heterogeneity characteristic of multicultural conditions is reduced to a pat and pedestrian doctrine, the dogma of presumptive correctness easily dismissed as politics hiding in an academic gown. Cultural identity has framed the theoretical structure for the contests around muliculturalism. Vigorous attention has been given to defining cultural identity. Hegemonic or dominant cultural identities and the exclusions they purport to license have been challenged in terms of cultural difference, of local or particular identities. It has been pointed out commonly that cultural identity can be exclusionary of those who are outside its scope, those who are in no way affiliated. However, cultural identity can also be a bondage within. It can keep people in who don't want to be in. And it can do so by insisting on an essential racial character, or simple by requiring racial solidarity. It is shown that through the 2002 Worldcup Korea-Japan, multiculturalism stands for a liberating recognition of the heterogeneity of the cultural constitution of contemporary Korean society and to call for an critical retheorizing of the relation of culture and power that would accommodate the cultural identity in Korea. In this form, during 2002 Worldcup it becomes a vantage point for unique critical insights into the nature of contemporary Korean national culture as well as current developments and transformations of Korean culture associated with transnational developments in media technology, commodity consumption, and other political and economic changes through the outcomes of 2002 Worldcup in this year. Multiculturalism is one manifestation of the postmodernist reaction to the delegitimization of the state and the erosion of the hegemony of the dominant culture in advanced capitalist countries. This weakening of "centers" is part of a material decentering process grounded in the organization of capital on a global scale, manifested in the development of transnational labor, commodity and capital markets, and corporate structure which have reduced the power of transnaional political and social structures to control or protect social groups within the state. As state structures have lost much of their power to control social and economic conditions within their boundaries, and the transnational centralization of political and economic power and exploitation has intensified, people turned to local identity as a means of mobilizing themselves for the defence of their social and political/economic interests. However, on the other hand, It would not be denied that we have seen neonationalism would appear and develop in Korean society during the 2002 Worldcup. In this paper, I try to argue that the increasing political importance of culture as an ideological vehicle for the new forms of neonationlism has made it a favored idiom of political mobilization for maintenance of central political authorities and hegemonic national cultures. In this respect, the intensification of neonationalism in Korea has overlapped with the rise of identity politics and subcultures of symbolic power among minority groups in Korea in the age of globalization. Especially, through the 2002 Worldcup Korea-Japan, multicultural commitments would seem to suggest a specificity of multicultural conditions to a local social context in Korea, in terms of the clash of two cultures, namely multiculturalism and neonatinalism in Korea. It remains not yet solved that how some features of multiculturalism and neonatinalim are segmented and others of the two different "-ism" integrated in certain ways.

한국인 선천성 난청에서 Connexin 26의 분자유전학적 분석

박홍준,박기현,송정환,정영훈,최호석 대한이비인후과학회 2000 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.43 No.4

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

하수 2차 처리수 재이용을 위한 저압 및 중압 고도산화시스템의 성능평가

안규홍,안석,맹승규,김기팔,홍준석,정민우,권지향,Ahmed, Zubair 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.4

In the present study, the feasibility of UV/H₂O₂ systems was investigated using low and medium-pres sure lamps on biologically treated wastewater effluents for secondary effluent reclamation. Two types of UV lamps were used as the light sources (a 33W lowpressure mercury lamp and a 350-W mediumpressure mercury lamp). The results from these UV systems showed that the removal of organic compounds could be achieved in the contact time of longer than 30min (i.e., low UV doses). Efficiencies of color removal and disinfection were far better than those of organic matters measured as TOC, DOC and TCOD_(cr). In the low pressure lamp UV system, it has been found that DOC and color removals were 60.9 and 86.2% with 50㎎/L of H₂O₂ and contact times of 30 minute, respectively. Whereas, with the mediumpressure lamp UV system, TOC, DOC and color removal were 27.1, 5.6 and 95% with 14.3㎎/L of H₂O₂ and 14 minute of contact times, respectively. Both systems could be applied for the reclamation of secondary effluent treated with biological treatment processes.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1996)

김재홍,황동규,전재홍,김윤석,김중환,김용준,이창균,임동진,김현수,조창근,김경문,박상훈,전우형,김희성,이호정,차명수,김갑형,김형석,김석우,황지환,박병순,권오상,이민수,송기훈,성소영,이인섭,부태성 대한화학요법학회 1999 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been panedemic and remains one of the most commom STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods: For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results: In 1996, 139 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 53(39.0%) were PPNG. Conclusion: Our results suggests that after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is gradually declining.