교사 평가의 문제점과 개선 방안 연구

박종필 한국초등교육학회 2002 초등교육연구 Vol.15 No.2

오늘날 업무 수행 평가(근무 평가)는 모든 조직 상황에서 당연한 현실로 받아들여지고 있으며, 조직 생활에서의 중요성도 더욱 커지고 있다. 특히 학교의 경우, 적절하게 계획되고 수행되는 평가는 수업의 질 향상을 가져오기 때문에 학교에서 이루어지는 교사들에 대한 평가는 교사들만의 문제가 아니라 학부모들과 학생들에게까지 영향을 미치게 된다. 또한 책무성의 강조로 인해 오늘날에는 교사 평가에 대한 관심이 상당히 증가하고 있으나 현재 우리나라에서 이루어지고 있는 교사 평가는 합리적 인사 관리 및 교사들의 전문 능력 신장에 이바지하는 데 있어 많은 한계를 가지고 있다는 비판을 받고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 학교 운영에 따른 교사 평가의 목적 및 필요성과 최근 외국에서 이루어지고 있는 교사 평가에 대한 내용들을 토대로 하여 현행 우리나라 교사 평가의 현황과 문제점들을 살펴보고 제도 개선에 필요한 시사점을 탐색하였다. The purpose of the study was to find problems and implications to make better of the teacher appraisal system in Korea. In these days, performance appraisal is regarded as a matter of course, and almost no one is indifferent to it. Also, performance appraisal become more and more important because staff management is an key point in success of organizational management and it provide basic information on staff management. Performance appraisal is done almost all organizations, whether they are formal or informal, and all members in the organization profit or loss by the appraisal. In schools, however, the effect of teacher appraisal is not limited to teachers. It is because that well-planned and performed appraisal system results in quality improvement in instruction, and it directly influence on parents and students, too. In spite of the importance of the appraisal system, there are many problems and negative perspectives on it in Korea. Namely, it is said that the system does not contribute to rational staff management and professional development of teachers. Based on teacher appraisal system in Texas and NBPTS in the U.S., the study described the teacher appraisal system in both country and analyzed the problems in appraisal system in Korea. The result suggests that there needs to be made changes in the purpose of the appraisal. In Korea, the appraisal system if focused on promotion and transfer of teachers, but to be a developmental appraisal, it should be emphasized on the other side of appraisal system, which give opportunities for teachers to make quality improvement and professional development. Second, currently the result of the teacher appraisal does not open to the public so that it results in many problems in schools, thus, the result should be open to the public to give them feedback and the opportunities for professional development and improving their instruction. Third, new criteria or standards should be made to be a objective and developmental appraisal which based on various criteria and opinions of teachers, not based on the subjectivity of an appraiser or unclear standards. Fourth, teacher appraisal system should be based on absolute evaluation, not relative evaluation which does not give informations on actual performance of teachers. Because absolute evaluation can give informations on actual performance of teachers, it may reduce the unnecessary competition and negative effects among teachers, and can give each teachers feedbacks on what is necessary to improve instruction or professional development, etc. Fifth, with the importance of the standards and criteria of the evaluation, the role of the appraiser is also important. Thus, with continuous training and efforts, appraisers should try to increase their ability and quality for effective appraisal.

단기간의 체중감량이 유도선수들의 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

박종필,장경태 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所 1997 韓國體育大學校附屬 體育科學硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.1

To investigate the effects of short-term weight reduction and subsequent rehydration on performance of the judo players, eight college-age judo players performed cybex and 3 wingate tests, seperated by 45min or 1 hr, before and after weight reduction(5%). Muscle strength, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, blood lactate, and blood pH level were measured. The results were as follows: 1. There were no differences in muscle strength and total work capacity, measured by cybex, between pre and post weight reduction. 2. There were no differences in peak power and anaerobic capacity, measured by wingate test, between pre and post weight reduction. It was concluded that 5% weight reduction followed by 4 hours of food consumption did not decreased the physical capacity measured by multiple wingate tests.

체결력의 변화에 따른 볼트결합부의 동적모델링에 관한 연구

박종필 가톨릭상지전문대학 1997 논문집 Vol.27 No.1

In this study, for application of FEM in a practical way, a systematic method is proposed to model bolted joints by using member stiffness. First, stress analysis is performed to find angle of stretch with respect to joint force variation. Then using this result, member stiffness is calculated and used to model joint part as spring. Two kinds of dynamic analysis is performed, one is pure model which have solid and thin shell element neglecting joint force variation, and the other is spring model according to joint force variation. Analysis result shows that natural frequency of pure model is 2.4%-4.8% lower than spring model, it is also fecund that natural frequency is proportioned to joint force increasing.

점군 데이터로부터 NC 공구경로 생성

박정환,정종필 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.2

Digitizing of model parts is the main step in reverse engineering. Presented in the paper is a step-by-step procedure for generating NC toolpaths from optically digitized data, or "cloud of points" data in industrial parlance, which is generated by commercial laser scanning machines of a specific type. The main problem in generating NC toolpaths from cloud of points data is to obtain a smooth fairing of random measurement errors at the presence of missing data points. The most challenging task is reconstructing transition surface features which are usually damaged by random errors and missing points. The procedure for generating NC toolpaths from digitized data consists of five major steps: meshing, splitting, surface fairing, Z-map sampling, and toolpath generation. The proposed method for NC toolpath generation has been applied to a few test cases with premising results.

3차 의료기관 응급센터로 내원한 아나필락시스 환자

박종석,박해심,이수영,정윤석,조준필 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Background: Anaphylaxis is a systematic allergic reaction, which may be fatal. However, despite its seriousness, its low level of incidence has prevented in depth studies. Thus, we analyzed the causes of anaphylactic shock in patients admitted in a tertiary hospital, observed its clinical symptoms, and formed a basis for adequate emergency treatment, as well preventive methods. Methods: The patients who visited Ajou university hospitals from June 1994 to May 2000(7 years) and who met the 1974 JAMA definition were selected for this retrospective study. The analysis of causative agents was made on the basis of clinical symptoms and the patients' chief complaints at the time of admission. Patients diagnosed with anaphylactic shock included those showing at least two types of IgE-mediated symptoms; and those with a simple rash or breathing difficulties were excluded from the study. Results: Of 36 patients, 22 were male and 14 female, Those below the age of 20 comprised 16.7% of the patients(6 patients), between 20 and 29 comprised 16.7%(6 patients), 30 and 39 comprised 25%(9 patients), 40 and 49 comprised 27.8%(10 patients), over 50 comprised 14%(5 patients). The overall percentage show 70% of the patients in active adult age group. Rash was the most common clinical symptoms(89%, 32 patients) and hypotension the second(75%, 27 patients), followed by respiratory distress, fainting, and arrhythmia. Causative agents were insect bites, including bee stings(15 patients), medication(12 patients), food(8 patients), and unknown(1 patients). Nine(9) of the 36 case, were diagnosed as having an atopic origin. Conclusion: Bee sting was the single most common cause in the insect criteria while penicillin & NSAIDs accounted for most of medication-induced cases. Food showed a varied distribution. An atopic origin was not a basis for anaphylactic shock, but did show a two-fold increase of prevalence. This study is the first of its kind in addressing anaphylactic shock, a potentially severe illness, over a period of 7 years.

農家副業으로서의 畜産現況과 그 改善方案에 關한 硏究

洪鐘旭,李熙碩,朴恒均,崔源弼,李鉉凡,金祥基 慶北大學校 1978 論文集 Vol.25-26 No.-

Recently, there have been much corncerns about the strategies which can reasonably increase farm income at the average farm level. In other words, as a result of third-term Five Year Economic Development Plan there was a remarkable gap between farm household and non-farm household incomes. Therefore, various policy tasks to eliminate this unbalanced income growth are currently being implemented. This study was carried out to identify the situation of livestock farming at general farm level, regarded as one of income generation strategies for the farm sector. Some results of the study can be summarized as follows: First of all, it was found that a group of farms which raise a small size of animals like Korean cattle, hog, and various poultry gave higher resource bases as compared with that of non-livestock farms. Secondly, it was also recognized that both farm and farm household income levels of small-scale livestock farms were higher than those of non-livestock farm group within the same region, specifically as much as approximately ￦200,000. Thirdly, it was known that the average size of animal raising per household in 0.9 head of cattle, 0.8 head of hog, and 34 lyers of poultry, respectively. To the end, according to the farm disposal practices of major by-products, only about 18 percent of total rice straws produced at individual farms was utilized for the animal raising, and about 45 percent of all the brans available at farms for the livestock enterprise. The rest of straw and brans in regarded as selling at farm level. In this respect, it may be recommended either to increase current size of animals or to expand number of livestock farms.

신뢰성 이론에 의한 기초구조물 가치분석 모델 개발

안종필,박주원,서재우 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 2007 建設技術硏究 Vol.27 No.2

Development of design method based on probability theory sublating discrepancy of definitive design standards in designing foundation structure is needed. This study develops uncertainties of resistance and load effect of foundation structures in order to introduce the concept of probabilistic design based on reliability into foundation structures, estimate reliability index suitable to foundation structures, compares and analyzes safety and durability performance and the results of research can be summarized as follows. Optimum safety radio of bearing power of pile foundation was estimated as 2.9613 according to interpretation of reliability and it was analyzed in a rational way compared to uniform safety ratio value based on conventional allowable stress design methods, and as a result of analyzing life cycle cost of foundation structures, it was confirmed that execution of maintenance and management strategy in repair and maintenance condition of safety evaluation grade B was most economical. In addition, prevention LCC/post LCC ratios of foundation structures for life cycle of 80 years were 60.54%, 54.58%, 52.27% and 49.29% at maintenance, repair, reinforcement and replacement respectively and prevention and maintenance strategy was more economical than post maintenance strategy. It is expected that the results of this study will be used as basic materials to build analysis techniques of reliability and economy of foundation structures through expansion of statistical data of foundation structures.

소성수축균열 제어를 위한 폴리프로필렌 섬유 보강 시멘트 복합체의 특성

원종필,박찬기 건국대학교 농업자원개발연구소 2000 農資源開發論集 Vol.22 No.-

Plastic shrinkage is likely to occur when the rate of evaporation exceeds the rate at which the bleeding water rises to the surface. Plastic shrinkage clacking occurs at the exposed surfaces of freshly placed concrete due to consolidation of the concrete mass and rapid evaporation of water from the surface. This leads to the tensile stress and concrete surfaces may crack. This so-called shrinkage clacking is a major concern for mortar and concrete, especially for flat structural such as pavement, agricultural roads, slabs for industrial factories and walls. One of the method to reduced the adverse effects of shrinkage cracking is to reinforce concrete with randomly distributed fibers. The contribution of polypropylene fiber to the plastic shrinkage crack reduction potential of concrete and its evaluation are presented in this paper. The results of tests of the polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete were compared with plain concrete. Results indicated that polypropylene fiber reinforcement showed an ability to reduce the total area and maximum crack width significantly(as compared to plain concrete) .

파압과 토압을 받는 호안구조물의 안정해석

안종필,박주원 조선대학교 국토개발연구소 1996 국토개발연구 Vol.16 No.1

The time seems to have come when we should pay more attention to the land extention by reclamation of coast. This study is a practical treatise on the stability analysis of revetment structures. For illustrative purposes, the attention of the stability analysis to a revetment structure considered four examples. As a result of stability analysis the safety factor of cap concrete sliding came out as a sequence that the slope revetment with T.T.P block is beggest among all types and is influenced by rigidity of covered materal and slow incline of slope. The safety factor of straight slope sliding and circular sliding failure came out as a sequence that the slope reetment with rubbles is biggest among all type and is influenced by slow incline of slope and increased rigidity of covered materal. The safety factor of oveturnning and bearing capacity came out as a sequence that the slope revetment is bigger than the vertical type and is influenced by slow incline of slope and increased width of structure. In a design for revetment structure, it has to be a planned by a comparative analysis of each safety factor and the merits or demerits.

오염된 연약지반의 변위량 분포에 관한 연구

안종필,박상범 朝鮮大學校 建設技術硏究所 1998 建設技術硏究 Vol.18 No.2

This study investigates the existing theoretical backgrounds in order to examine the behavior of lateral flow according to the plasticity of soils when unsymmetrical surcharge is worked on polluted soils by the increase of water content and compares and analyzes the results measured through model tests. Model tests are carried out by these : soil tank, bearing frame and bearing plate are made, the water content is soil tank was gradually by increasing ground soils in natural ground of soils and polluted material, unsymmetrical surcharge is increased at regular intervals and then the amounts of settlement, lateral displacement and upheaval are abserved. As the result of model tests, the amount of settlement had a tendency to occur transferring from the left boundary line to the free end of bearing plate, the amount of lateral displacement is occurred concentratively in the range of (0~2/3)H of the thickness of soil layer and that of upheaval soil tank a tendency to transfer from the right boundary line to the ground surface of the free layer of bearing plate.