배·급수 시스템에서 부식방지제의 적용 평가 연구

우달식,문정기,구성은,최종헌,김주환,문광순 대한상하수도학회 2003 상하수도학회지 Vol.17 No.5

This study evaluated the effect of the corrosion inhibitors on the corrosion control performance in drinking water distribution system. A phosphate-zinc based inhibitor formulated was for the efficient corrosion control in drinking water distribution system. In a continuous-circulation test, 99% reduction in corrosion rate was achieved. The optimum concentration of the corrosion inhibitor was found to be 2.2㎎ PO₄/L. The effect of the corrosion inhibitor was significant for the pipes of carbon steel, galvanized steel and copper, but less for that of stainless steel. The corrosion inhibitor can be an effective cure for corrosion and red water problems by prevention the old pipes from further corrosion. Tap water in Mokpo and Kwangyang were more corrosive than the water in the rest of 4 other regions(Seoul, Pohang, Pusan, Puyeo). Tap water in Pusan was high in various ionic concentrations in general. The corrosion inhibitor reduced the corrosion rate by 76-94%, depending on the origin of the tap water.

조립작업장에서 조립단계여유의 절대값을 이용한 지체작업비율의 최소화

우종선,문석환 한국의사결정학회 1999 경영과학연구 Vol.8 No.-

In recent, since the competition between the manufacturing firms has been so increased that the customer-oriented performance has been important, the manager's concern focus on the performance measures related due date. An average tardiness does not fully describe a manager's orientation toward jobs completed after their due date. Percentage tardy indicates how many jobs are completed after their due-date and may be viewed as a type of customer service level. Also, in a research of competitive priorities of manufacturing firms, competitive priorities are the orders of on-time delivery, consistent quality, high performance design, price, fast delivery time, customization, volume flexibility, and so on. In conclusion, we suggest that the single most critical measure of performance is the percentage tardy. This research proposes dispatching rule for assembly job shop that minimizes the percentage of tardy jobs, which have not been attempted in the proceeding studies. The proposed rule uses the absolute slack of assembly stage.

논산 강경 구 한일은행 강경지점에 관한 연구 : 역사성 고증을 중심으로

우종환,김정동 牧園大學校 建築·都市硏究센터 2002 建築·都市環境硏究 Vol.10 No.-

we execute historical investigation of ex-Hanill Bank of Ganggyeong branch and divided the result into 4 ranks as a photograph, map, administrative document (Copy of Real Estate Register), related literature. We put the divided items together for analysis, so that we can see some of new things and different things from founded facts. As for the social and cultural aspect it's representative 'modern of Korea' as a small and medium city based on the special culture and economic foundation of Ganggyeong area. And the study for the ex-Hanill Bank of Ganggyeong branch began to take shape under the circumstances that the residents are trying to establish an identity of the district and their education fever is getting at its high pitch. Together with the above it can deserve the importance because it makes foundation of affluent cultural-environment in the heart of the city as a cultural facilities.

좌심방에 발생한 원발성 미분류 방추세포 육종 1례

조정환,홍그루,송인욱,손창우,정선영,남종호,김미진 영남대학교 의과대학 2009 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.26 No.2

외부 긴장재에 의해 프리스트레스가 도입된 프리캐스트 콘크리트 상판의 극한하중

이우철,박종진,신수봉,정진환 부산대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.58 No.-

프리캐스트 콘크리트 상판은 시공이 용이하기 때문에 교량 건설에 대한 적용이 늘고 있다. 프리캐스트 콘크리트 상판을 사용할 경우 횡방향 조인트에 인한 상판의 구조적 불연속 때문에 내부 긴장재를 이용하여 상판에 프리스트레스를 도입하기가 어렵다. 외부 긴장재를 사용할 경우 프리스트레스의 도입과 이후에 있을 상판의 보수 작업이 용이해 지기 때문에 외부 긴장재(external cable)를 이용하여 프리스트레스를 도입하는 방법이 실용적이다. 본 연구에서는 강재 거더에 정착을 시킨 외부 긴장재에 의해 프리스트레스가 도입된 세 개의 강합성교 시험체를 실험실에서 제작하여, 프리텐션과 포스트텐션의 두 가지 방법을 이용하여 시험체에 도입된 프리스트레스의 효과를 실험적으로 증명하였다. 외부 긴장재를 이용한 프리텐션과 포스트텐션의 효과를 하중 재하실험을 통하여 검증하였으며. 프리스트레스의 도입이 횡방향 조인트와 프리캐스트 상판의 극한강도에 미치는 영향도 검토하였다. Precast R.C. slabs are gaining an acceptance for the construction of bridge structures because of simplicity in their construction processes. One of the frequently encountered difficulties with precast slabs is an introducion of prestress. Deployment of internal tendons is not practical because of the existence of transverse joints between each precast slab. However, usage of the external tendons facilitates introduction of prestress on the precast slabs. Three steel-concrete composite bridge specimens, which are prestressed with the external cables, are constructed in the laboratory. Both pre-tension and post-tension methods are used to introduce prestress on the precast concrete slab. In this paper, prestressing methods using external cables are introduced and their effects in improving the ultimate loading capacity of the precast slabs and transverse joints are also reported.

동일한 시료에 대한 국내 기관간의 STR 분석결과 비교 : STR 유전자좌 분석법의 표준화 설정을 위하여

박종태,신경진,양윤석,우광만,이숭덕,이승환,이정빈,정연보,조승희,한길로,한면수,홍승범 大韓法醫學會 2001 대한법의학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This paper described a collaborative exercise intended to see what kinds of short tandem repeat (STR) loci are used in different DNA typing laboratories in Korea and to compare their results for the demonstration whether uniformity of DNA profiling results from different laboratory could be achieved in Korea Laboratories were asked to test five tissue DNAs using methods routinely used in each laboratory and to report the results to the coordinating laboratory. The exercise demonstrated that each laboratory was using different STR loci for the typing with different STR numbers,2 VNTRS,36 STRs and amelogenin in total, and the direct comparison of the results from all the laboratory for the 18 loci could not be done as only one laboratory submitted typing results. Among 21 loci for which several laboratories submitted typing results, results for 14 loci were the same and results for the other 7 loci were different depending on the participating laboratory. D1S80, F13A01, D16S539, D21S11, D18S51, D3S1744 were the loci with different typing results. Even in the cases where commercial kits were used, the results were not the same depending on the machines used, that is the capillary electrophoresis or the gel based electrophoresis. The reason for the different results, points about the standardization of the methods arid the profiling data were described.

항정신병 약물이 Cyclooxygenase-2 유전자 발현과 Prostaglandin E_2 농도에 미치는 영향

김종우,조성욱,범재명,윤도준,장환일,송지영 대한생물치료정신의학회 2001 생물치료정신의학 Vol.7 No.2

Objectives : Cyclooxygenase(COX) is the central enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway to prostaglandins from arachidonic acids. The action mechanism of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is through inhibition of COX activity and prostanoid biosynthesis including prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2). The antipsychotic drugs are known having an analgesic effects, however its mechanisms of actions of action to pain control was not still clearly proved. In the present study, the effects of antipsychotic drugs(chlorpromazie and clozapine) on the production of PGE_2 and the expression of COX-2mRNA and protein in P815 cell line were studied. Methods : For that purpose, the methods of RT-PCR, western blot and prostagalndin E_2 enzymeimmunoassay were applied. Results : The results showed tha tin P815 cells treated with chlorpromazine, the level of COX2 mRNA was significantly decreased compared to the control cells. And total cellular PGE_2 levels were significantly decreased after treatment with chlorpromazine and clozapine. Conclusion : These results suggest that antipsychotic drugs have revealed their analgesic effect through the inhibition of COX-2 activity and PGE_2 production. And also, these results partly supports the excess theory of prostaglangdins in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

실드터널 시공시의 지표 구조물의 침하 억제 대책에 관한 연구

임종철,윤이환,박이근,고호성,홍석우 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1999 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.56 No.-

연약지반 터널 굴차시 실드공법은 근접 구조물 안전에 유용한 공법이다. 하지만 실드 터널 공법은 터널 주변 지반의 변형을 최소화 할 수 있는 장점을 가지는 반면 테일 보이드(Tail Void)에 그라우트된 주입재가 경화되기 전에 발생하는 지반 변형은 피하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 테일 보이드로 인한 인접 구조물의 침하를 억제하는 방법중 하나인 마이크로파일(micropile)의 영향을 모형실험을 통하여 규명하였다. 기초적인 실험 결과로써 마이크로파일 보강시 마이크로파일의 효과적인 설치방향과 침하 억제비를 밝혔다. In soft ground tunneling, shield method is very good for safety of neighboring structures. Although shield tunnel method has the merits to minimize the deformation of ground around tunnel, ground deformations occurred until the material grouted in tail void hardens are inevitable. In this study, the effects of micropile used as one method to restrain the settlement of neighboring structures by the tail void are studied by laboratory model tests. As a basic test result, the effective direction of micropile and the restraint rate of settlement by micropile reinforcement are known.

NaOH 첨가에 따른 음식물찌꺼기 고온 혐기성 산발효

안철우,이철승,서종환,박진식,문추연,장성호,김수생 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.4

본 연구는 음식물찌꺼기의 혐기성 산발효에 있어 여러 조건들 중 온도가 효율적인 가수분해와 산발효에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위해 고온(55℃)과 중온(35℃)에서 각각 실험을 수행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을 수 있었다. 음식물찌꺼기의 혐기성 산발효시 산생성 효율을 높이기 위한 전처리 과정으로 음식물찌꺼기에 NaOH를 투입한 결과 가수분해효율을 표현한 가용화 정도(Solubilization)가 0.01 g NaOH/g TS이하로 투입된 경우 0.01 mgSCOD_(prod)/mgICOD_(inf)이하를 나타내었으나, 0.05 g NaOH/g TS이상을 투입했을 때는 0.07~0.09 mgSCOD_(prod)/mgICOD_(inf)로 나타났다. 따라서 음식물찌꺼기에 NaOH를 투입하여 효율적인 가수분해가 이루어지기 위해서는 g TS당 0.05 g이상의 NaOH가 투입되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 음식물찌꺼기를 NaOH로 전처리한 후 고온(55℃) 산발효를 실시했을 때 0.05 g NaOH/g TS 투입시 SCOD의 증가치 3,800 mg/L로 최대의 가용화와 산생성에 효과적인 pH 5.95를 얻을 수 있었다. 0.05 g NaOH/g TS를 투입하여 중온(35℃)에서 산발효를 실시한 경우와 비교하여 SCOD 증가치가 약 5배 정도 높았고, 최대 가용화에 이르는 시간도 중온의 2/3 정도로 짧아 음식물찌꺼기의 가용화에는 고온이 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. NaOH 0.05 g NaOH/g TS로 전처리된 음식물찌꺼기의 산발효 결과 고온(55℃) 및 중온(35℃)에서 각각 반응시작 후 72시간에 12,600 mg/L, 120tlrksdp 9,800 mg/L의 VFA농도를 나타내어 동일기질을 이용하여 산발효를 실시했을 때 중온보다는 고온에서 미생물의 활성증대와 유기물의 가수분해가 촉진되어 VFA생성이 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다. 고온에서 NaOH에 전처리된 음식물찌꺼기를 산발효 시켰을 때 VFA가 가장 높았던 시점을 기준으로 VFA의 조성을 조사한 결과 acetic acid가 45.9%, butyric acid가 26.7%, propionic acid가 13.9% 등으로 총 유기산 발생량의 86.5%를 차지하였다. This study showed that thermophilic anaerobic acid fermentation of food wastes had an enhanced hydrolysis capability and improvement of acidification efficiency. Influence of pH on the anaerobic hydrolysis and acidogenesis was investigated to determine the proper alkalinity in the thermophilic fermentation of food wastes. The results of putting NaOH as alkali to evaluate hydrolysis and acid fermentation efficiency in acid fermentation process of food wastes showed that the food wastes pretreated with 0.05 g NaOH/g TS had the maximum 12,600 mg/L of VFAs concentration during HRT 3 days in 55℃ hermophilic condition and the maximum 9,700 mg/L of VFAs concentration during HRT 5 days in 35℃ mesophilic condition. The accomplishment of high VFAs concentration resulted from that the main component of food wastes such as cellulose, lignin and etc. is performed active chemical decomposition by alkali in thermophilic condition. The major components of VFAs produced from the thermophilic acid fermentation process of food wastes were the short chain fatty acids such as acetic acid, butyric acid, and propionic acid.

복식전자궁적출술 후 경막외 통증 관리시 0.1% Bupivacaine/Morphine과 0.1% Ropivacaine/Morphine의 비교

임일환,문철준,반종석,민병우 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.5

Background: Local anesthetics combined with an opioid are frequently used as a postoperative epidural analgesia, to minimize individual doses and to reduce unwanted side effects. The aims of this study were to compare analgesic effectiveness, occurrence of motor block and other side effects of a 48 hr postoperative continuous epidural infusion of 0.1% bupivacaine/morphine or 0.1% repivacaine/morphine. Methods: Forty female patients scheduled for an elective total abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia were randomized in a double-blind fashion to receive either 0.1% bupivacaine with 0.02 mg/ml morphine or 0.1% ropivacaine with 0.02 mg/ml morphine using a continuous epidural analgesia pump at a rate of 4 ml/hr during the postoperative 48 hours. After toe operation, we assessed the blood pressure, heart rate, visual analog scale (VAS), side effects, additional analgesic requirement and time to ambulation for 48 hours in 12-hour intervals. Results: There were no significant differences in VAS on rest and cough between the groups, but VAS on deep breathing and position change were significantly lower in the bupivacaine group compared to the ropivacaine group. Side effects were similar in both groups except paresthesia. Time to ambulation was earlier in the ropivacaine troup compared to the bupivacaine group. Conclusions: Both the postoperative continuous epidural infusion of 0.1% bupivacaine with morphine and 0.1% ropivacaine with morphine provided similar pain relief and side effects. However, earlier recovery of ambulation in patients receiving ropivacaine/morphine will improve outcome after abdominal surgery. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 633~639)