Science and Marxism

Kim, Jong Hwa 덕성여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2004 사회과학연구 Vol.10 No.-

Scrutiny라는 계간 저널은 1932년에 창설되었는데, Cambridge 대학의 Leavis 등을 중심으로 지식인들의 토론 광장으로서의 역할을 수행하였다. 이 연구는 Scrutiny가 다른 주제와 관심사를 Scrutiny와 그에 대한 비판론자들(마르크스주의자들)의 관점에서 과학과 Marxism에 대한 명제를 중심으로 점검해 보았다. 과학과 마르크스주의 관계에 대한 주제는 Scrutiny에서 핵심적 과제로 다루어 졌는데, Scrutiny와 마르크스주의자들의 충돌은 그 저널이 마르크스주의에 개입하면서 시발되었고, 마르크스주의자들은 Scrutiny를 역사적·이념적 궤도 속으로 몰아넣으면서 비판하였다. 마르크스주의자들은 특히 Scrutiny의 정치적 요소 고려에 대한 소홀함이 여러 측면에서 불균형적 논리전개를 표출하고 현실성을 간과하였다고 지적하였다. Scrutiny는 문화의 중요성을 강조하면서 본질적으로 生의 질을 순전히 물질적 개념으로 접근하는 공리주의에 반대하는 입장이었다. 즉 Leavis 등 Scrutiny 편집자들은 생의 질을 논하는데 있어서 물질적 측면과 정신적 측면을 포괄적으로 고려하지 않으면 의미가 없다고 주장하였다. 한걸음 더 나아가, Scrutiny가 중시하는 문화란 사회변혁과 산업화로 파괴된다고 봄으로써 분명히 과학과 실용주의적 요소를 결여하게 되었고 결과적으로는 마르크스주의자들의 Scrutiny에 대한 비판도 여기에 초점이 맞추어져 있다. 생각건대 Scrutiny의 정치·사회적 문제에 대한 문화적·도덕적 관행설정으로 Scrutiny가 문화적 엘리트주의에 빠져 문화적 편중접근이라는 비난을 면하기 어렵지만, 도덕적 기준에서 보면 깊이 있게 과학과 마르크스주의를 통찰한 점은 높이 평가 되어야 할 것으로 보여진다.

해도 정보를 이용한 선박의 최적 항로 생성

김민규(Min-Kyu Kim),김종화(Jong-Hwa Kim),양현(Hyun Yang) 한국항해항만학회 2022 한국항해항만학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.2

Min-Kyu Kim*․Jong-Hwa Kim**․†최근 자율 운항 선박에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 특히, MUNIN (Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks) 프로젝트를 계기로 자율 운항 선박에 대한 개발과 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 또한 국제해사기구 IMO는 자율 운항 선박 시대에대응하기 위해 자율 선박을 MASS (Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship)라 정의하고 선박 자율화 정도에 따라 4단계 등급을 제시하고 있다. 완전한 자율 운항 선박에 대한 요구조건을 만족하기 위해서는 항로 결정과 제어기술이 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 여러 가지 기술 중 선박의최적경로를 생성하는 기법을 다룬다. 기존에 최적항로를 생성하기 위한 방법으로는   , Dijkstra와 같은 알고리즘들이 주로 사용되었다. 그러나 이와 같은 알고리즘은 섬이나 육지에 대한 충돌 회피는 고려하고 있지만 수심 및 연안 선박에 대한 규정들은 고려하지 않고 있어실제로 적용하기에는 한계점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 안전을 위해 선박의 선저 여유 수심과, 해도에 규정되어 있는 선박 운항에 대한여러 규정들을 반영하여 최적 항로를 생성하고자 한다. 최적 항로를 생성하기 위한 알고리즘으로는 강화학습 기반의 Q-learning 알고리즘을적용하였다.

CD34+ 조혈 모세포 이식 2례

김정아,정현식,김원석,윤성수,이홍기,박찬형,박성규,김동욱,이종욱,한치화,민우성,김춘추,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1996 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Background: In most solid tumors, the CD34 antigen has not been detected, so positive selection of CD34+ cells may reduce tumor cell contamination and the CD34+ cells are capable of reconstituting hematopoiesis. We tried CD34+ cell transplantation in two patients. Method: CD34+ cells from chemotherapy + G-CSF mobilized PBPCs or bone marrow were positively selected with an avidin-biotin immunoadsorption column (CEPRATE SC system). Case 1. One course of chemotherapy using cyclophosphamide(200㎎/㎡) and etoposide (4.2g/㎡), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. was used in a relapsed lymphoma patient. This patient responded to the induction chemotherapy. CD34+ cells from harvested bone marrow were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. The total number of mononuclear cells loaded onto the CellPro was 2.4×10^(8)/㎏, with 1.1% CD34+ cells. After column separation, the total number of positively selected cells was 5.16×10^(6)/㎏. The number of CFU-GM was 76.8×10⁴/㎏. This patient was treated with melphalan (140㎎/㎡) and TBI (1200cGy) and the positively selected CD34+ cells were infused. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 19 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 21 days. Case 2. Two courses of mobilizing chemotherapy were given 4 weeks apart using taxol(210㎎/m2) and adriamycin(60㎎/m2), combined with G-CSF(5㎍/㎏) S.C. in a breast cancer patients with 7 axillary node metastasis. CD34+ cells from each single leukapheresis product were selected by the CellPro immunoadsorption column. In the first collection, the total number of nucleated cells was 4.4×10^(8)/kg, with 0.42% CD34+ cells. In the second collection, the total number of nucleated cell was 2.8× 10^(8)/㎏ with 0.43% CD34+ cells. After colum separation, the total numbers of collected cells were 4.0×106/kg and 4.8×10^(6)/kg, the total number of CD34+ cells were 1.2×10^(6)/㎏ and 0.82×10^(6)/㎏. Colonogenic assays of positively selected CD34+ cells gave rise to myeloid erythroid, and multilineage colonies, with a median of 190 CFU-GM, 190 BFU-E, and 164 CFU-GEMM per 1×10³ adsorbed cells, respectively. High-dose chemotherapy with cumulative doses of 40mg/㎡ mitoxantrone, 750mg/㎡ thioptepa, and 1000mg/㎡ carboplatin was administered. Positively selected CD34+ cells were rapidly infused 24 hours after the end of high-dose chemotherapy. The time to neutrophil recovery greater than 0.5×10^(9)/L was 16 days and the time to platelet recovery greater than 50×10^(9)/L was 20 days.

Failure with Strain Localization of Aluminum Alloy 7075 Sheets at Elevated Temperature and its Application to Two-Step Hybrid Forming

Jong‑Hwa Hong,Hyunki Kim,Wonjae Kim,Yong‑Nam Kwon,Daeyong Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.4

In this work, the onset of failure induced by severe strain at elevated temperature was numerically estimated with crossformedempirical hardening law describing material softening. The hardening law can replicate the rate-sensitive behaviorof aluminum alloy 7075 sheets (thickness of 2.0 mm) with initial hardening and progressive material deterioration causedby dynamic recrystallization, dynamic recovery, and micro-void development. The characterized material was applied to thetwo-step hybrid forming process consisting of a drawing at 400 °C followed by a pneumatic forming at 470 °C to produce ashock absorber housing with an extremely complex shape. The user-defined subroutine codes, VUMAT (ABAQUS/Explicit)and UMAT (ABAQUS/Standard), were sequentially utilized for the drawing and the pneumatic forming, respectively. Theidentified hardening parameters based on uniaxial tensile tests were validated by simulating the two-step hybrid formingprocess and compared with the conventional Voce type law (converging function) and the combined Swift-Voce type law(ever-increasing function) since they play a key role in accurately predicting the onset of failure induced by severe strainlocalization. Finally, simulation results are reasonably well matched with experiments in terms of the moment of failureoccurrence, failure location, final blank shape, and thickness distribution.

西海岸 中部 海藻相 및 群落調査 : Ⅱ. 保寧海域의 夏季 海藻相과 植生分析 Ⅱ. Summer Marine Algal Flora and Vegetative Analysis, Boryong Coast of Korea

金重來,李鐘和 群山大學校自然科學硏究所 1987 自然科學硏究 Vol.2 No.-

1. 本 調査地域에서 出現한 海藻類는 綠藻類 5種, 褐藻類 12種 및 紅藻類 27種으로 總 44種이고, 植生은 月島가 가장 豊富하고, 松島, 燈臺, 한여 및 가중구지의 順으로 貧弱하였다. 2. 優占種으로 出現한 種은 U. pertusa, P. siliquosa, S. confusum, C. okamurae이고, 亞優占種은 S. thunbergii, M. myagroides, S. horneri, G. amansii, C. crassicaulis이었다. 3. 種間 類似度는 70% 水準에서 內灣性種, 外洋性種, 內灣性과 外洋性의 混種 및 모자반類로 大別되었다. 4. 地域間 類似度는 85% 水準에서 潮間帶 上部群, 上·中部群, 中部群, 中·下部群 및 下部群으로 大別되었다. 5. 現存量은 燈臺 226.1g/㎡으로 가장 높고, 한여 168.9g/㎡ 月島 157.0g/㎡, 松島 140.4g/㎡, 가중구지의 順으로 낮았다. 6. 모자반類의 個體群은 濕重量에 對한 體長의 相對生長은 不等生長을 하고, 相對生長速度는 松島와 한여産이 높고, 月島와 燈臺産이 낮은 傾向을 보였다. On the marine algal community of summer season in the intertidal zone, mid-western coast of Korea, were investigated by the quadrat method at 5 localities, Songdo, Hanyeo, Woldo, Dungdae and Kajungguji, of Boryong coast in 1987. As a result, 44 species in total, 5 species of Chlorophyta, 12 species of Phaeophyta and 27 species of Rhodophyta, were identified. The representative dominant species of each stations are as follows, Ulva pertusa, Pelvetia siliquosa, Sargassum confusum, Caulacanthus okamurae and subdominant species were Sargassum thunbergii, Myagropsis myagroides, Sargassum horneri, Gelidium amansii, Chondria crassicaulis. According to the similarity 85% level of 20 stations revealed that the algal vegetation of vertical distribution can be clustered into the upper group, upper-middle group, middle group, middle-lower group and lower group, and similarity 70% level of 22 dominant species divided that the algal community can be clustered into the inland group, open sea group, mixed group of the inland and open sea species group and the Sargassum species group. The standing crops of biomass were low in order, at the Dungdae (226.1 g/m), Hanyeo(166.9 g/m), Woldo(157.0 g/m), Songdo(140.4 g/m) and Kajungguji(43.3 g/m), respectively. There was allometric relationships between length and wet weight of Sargassum populations represented by the unequal growth, the specific growth rates were higher at the Songdo and Hanyeo site than the Woldo and Dungdae site.

열교환기의 핀과 튜브 접촉부에서의 응력해석

김종화,박명균,양진승 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

Usually the contact between fin collar and tube surface for fin-tube heat exchanger is secured by mechanical expansion of the tubes. The objective of the present study is to analyzed the stress distribution around the contact region between the tube and fin. Through this numerical analysis, the thermal contact resistance between them could be understood well so that the performance of heat exchanger could be improved.

중유재로부터의 갈륨의 분리 ·회수에 관한 연구

김종화 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1992 産技硏論文集 Vol.6 No.-

The separation and recovery of gallium from petroleum fly ash has been investigated. This experiments were consist of leaching and extraction. As a first step, aqueous solution containing 2.3∼8.7g/l gallium ion concentration was obtained by leaching with water, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, as a leachant. Next, the liquor of filtrate was treated to remove impurities by solvent extraction technique, employing various extractant. Using the experimental results, the overall process for recovery and purification of gallium from pertroleum fly ash was synthesized.

ATM 망에서의 VDT 제공 방안

김영선,김화종,정명순 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 1997 정보통신논문지 Vol.1 No.-

VDT was proposed in order to provide residential multimedia services such as digital video, voice, data and so on, We studied a VDT network architecture and MPEG-2 transmission scheme over an ATM network. For this purpose, we studied the network architecture and communication protocols for MPEG-2 over AAL 5. In a hierarchical video coding, a picture can be seperated into the basic and the higher layers. The basic layer coding is the minimal information needed to reconstruct the video, and the higher layer coding is used to make better quality. By simulation, we obtained the cell loss probability caused by the overflow of video traffic, when subscribers received MPEG-2 video through an ATM network.

理想的인 絶綠體를 酸化膜으로 갖는 MOS diode의 等價回路

金鍾和 木浦大學校 工業技術硏究所 1992 工業技術硏究誌 Vol.2 No.-

In due consideration of every possible bias conditions and frequency regions, I propose the equivalent circuit of MOS diode which deal with carrier mobile on semiconductor including the interface, rightly (in case of n-type semiconductor). Consequently, I think that this equivalent circuit can be explaine the impedence characteristics of MOS diode at almost frequency regions and every possible states.

β-agarase를 생산하는 해양균의 분리 및 효소 특성연구

김문수,김도만,박혜영,강미화,천종훈 전남대학교 촉매연구소 2000 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

An agar degrading bacteria was isolated from the south ocean of Korea and was identified as Aeromonas sp. This strain produced the amount of agarase (1.4U/ml) with agar as a carbon source and casamino acid as a nitrogen source. The optimum concentration of NaCl for both cell growth and enzyme activity was 2.5%. The agarase was purified by DEAE-cellulose and hydroxyapatite column chro-matograpy. The purified agarase showed a single protein band upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) and its molecular weight was estimated to be 50 KDa. The optimal temperature and pH for the enzyme activity were 28℃ and 7.2, respectively. The agarase was stable at pH 6.5 - 8 and 22 - 37℃. The agarase activity was notably inhibited by EDTA, Mn2+, Hg2+, Fe2+ and slightly activated by Na+ and Ba2+.