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Changes in Coagulation Study and Risk of Developing Cholesteatoma: Is There a Link?
Costa Joana Raquel,Rego Ângela Reis,Soares Teresa,Sousa Cecília Almeida e,Coutinho Miguel Bebiano 대한청각학회 2023 Journal of Audiology & Otology Vol.27 No.1
Background and Objectives: The etiopathogenesis of acquired pediatric cholesteatoma has not yet been fully clarified. Recent studies and modern technologies have led researchers to look for explanations at a molecular level. This study aims to understand if the origins of cholesteatoma could be related to dysfunctions in coagulation factors, thereby emphasizing its role in angiogenesis.Subjects and Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study carried out at a tertiary hospital center between January 2010 and December 2020. The study included 92 children. The variables of the summary coagulation study (partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and international normalized ratio) were compared among children with and without development of chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma.Results: The cases and controls were comparable in terms of age, type, and number of times that ventilation tubes were placed. Partial thromboplastin times tended to be higher in children who developed cholesteatoma, with a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of normal and abnormal partial thromboplastin times (<i>p</i>=0.029).Conclusions: The results of this case control study indicate that slight extension of partial thromboplastin times in the coagulation study may not meet the criteria for diagnosis of certain hematological pathologies or clinical significance, but at a molecular level may already have implications for activation of angiogenesis and other growth factors involved in the onset, growth, and expansion of acquired pediatric cholesteatoma.
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( Leonor Costa ),( Joana Costa ),( Deolinda Portelinha ),( Amilcar Silva ),( Adriano Rodrigues ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a frequent cause of infectious colitis, usually occurring as a complication of antibiotic therapy, in elderly hospitalized patients. Is responsible for signifi cant morbidity and mortality, and remains at historically high levels, being a serious re-emerging pathogen. Methods: Retrospective study of adult patients admitted in the Medical Department of a Hospital Center, between 2005 and 2012, that meet the defi nition of CDI. Results: 100 patients were included, with an average age of 78, 6 years (± 10, 76), 68% of female sex. By age group 79,0% of patients were over 70 years and 48,0% exceed 80 years. The overall mortality of the patient group was 21%, being the mortality attributable to the infection by Clostridium as the main diagnostic 8%. The main risk factor found for the disease development was recent treatment with one or more antibiotics, 81% of cases, without a predominant class of antibiotic. Regarding the origin of the infection 56% were nosocomial, 44% associated with health care and 8% had origin in the community. In patients who started therapy with metronidazole, in 12% was switched to vancomycin (ascending to 50% in the patients that died from the infection). Conclusions: The epidemiology of CDI, is changing with increase infections in lowrisk patients, and the rising of the fatal cases. Indentifi ng CDI earlier is essencial, and saves lifes. Measures like prescribing antibiotics only when apropriate, test for CDI in patients with diarrhea and isolation, are crucial, specially with the alarming reality of the rising resistance to metronidazol, the possible future vancomicin resistence with its overuse, and the present lack of new effective therapeutic options, making this opportunistic infecction, a clinical challenge in the present and in years to come.
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( Maria Elisa Rodrigues ),( Ana Rita Costa ),( Pedro Fernandes ),( Mariana Henriques ),( Philip Cunnah ),( David W Melton ),( Joana Azeredo ),( Rosario Oliveira ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.9
The emergence of microcarrier technology has brought a renewed interest in anchoragedependent cell culture for high-yield processes. Well-known in vaccine production, microcarrier culture also has potential for application in other fields. In this work, two types of microcarriers were evaluated for small-scale monoclonal antibody (mAb) production by CHOK1 cells. Cultures (5 ml) of microporous Cytodex 3 and macroporous CultiSpher-S carriers were performed in vented conical tubes and subsequently scaled-up (20 ml) to shake-flasks, testing combinations of different culture conditions (cell concentration, microcarrier concentration, rocking methodology, rocking speed, and initial culture volume). Culture performance was evaluated by considering the mAb production and cell growth at the phases of initial adhesion and proliferation. The best culture performances were obtained with Cytodex 3, regarding cell proliferation (average 1.85 ± 0.11 × 106 cells/ml against 0.60 ± 0.08 × 106 cells/ ml for CultiSpher-S), mAb production (2.04 ± 0.41 μg/ml against 0.99 ± 0.35 μg/ml for CultiSpher-S), and culture longevity (30 days against 10-15 days for CultiSpher-S), probably due to the collagen-coated dextran matrix that potentiates adhesion and prevents detachment. The culture conditions of greater influence were rocking mechanism (Cytodex 3, pulse followed by continuous) and initial cell concentration (CultiSpher-S, 4 × 105 cells/ml). Microcarriers proved to be a viable and favorable alternative to standard adherent and suspended cultures for mAb production by CHO-K1 cells, with simple operation, easy scaleup, and significantly higher levels of mAb production. However, variations of microcarrier culture performance in different vessels reiterate the need for optimization at each step of the scale-up process.
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