http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
외과적 노출술을 이용한 매복된 하악 제 1 대구치의 자발적 맹출 유도
김은정,김난진,조호진,김현정,김영진,남순현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4
하악 제 1대구치 매복의 발생 빈도는 전체 인구의 0.01%로 드물게 나타난다. 매복의 원인으로는 맹출 공간의 부족, 과잉치, 치성 종양이나 낭과 같은 맹출로상의 장애물, 유전적 요인, 내분비 질환, 외상 등이 있다. 하악 제 1대구치의 매복으로 인해 하안면 고경의 감소, 낭의 형성, 치관 주위염, 인접치의 치근 흡수, 부정 교합 등의 부작용이 생길 수 있으며, 치료 방법으로는 외과적 노출술, 교정적 견인, 외과적 재위치술, 발거 등이 있다. 다음의 두 증례는 하악 제 1대구치의 미맹출을 주소로 내원한 환아에게 외과적 노출술을 시행하여 원심 경사 매복된 하악 제 1대구치의 자발적 맹출을 유도한 증례들이다. Impaction of mandibular first molar is relatively rare and its overall frequency has been reported to be 0.01%. The etiology of impaction are lack of eruption space, physical obstacles such as supernumerary teeth, odontomas or odontogenic tumors, hereditary factors, functional disturbances of endocrine glands and traumas. Impaction of mandibular first molar can result in a short lower facial height, formation of a follicular cyst, pericoronal inflammation, resorption of the roots of neighboring teeth and malocclusion. The treatment options available for impacted teeth include surgical exposure, orthodontic forced eruption, surgical repositioning and surgical removal of unerupted molar. This report presents two cases of distally tilted and impacted mandibular first molars which were treated by surgical exposure. In these cases, we could observe spontaneous eruption of the impacted mandibular first molars after surgical exposure.
조충현,김홍식,박은석,강성찬,이동헌 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2003 體力科學硏究 Vol.26 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the marketing strategy based on the traditional wrestling, which affects the tour industry. The study used the simple random sampling method in the group of the Kwang-Ju district citizens. The group representatives were directly interviewed, and 277 interviewees replied with concern. The rest of the interviewees were not interested in the survey. The general characteristics of the interviewees -- gender, age, education, job, monthly salary. -- were used to analyze the items related to Sports Tourism in general. Sport Tourism in general Male interviewees had higher recognition over females in the interview. The rate of experience was low for both genders. According to their education, the satisfaction of sport tourism showed low rate. However, there were many answers where the interviewees, not depending on the age or gender, indicated that they will participate in the future. The policy recommended based upon the results of the study is as follows. There is a need for setting up a new strategy in order to increase participation of sports. Also, it is urgent to set up a sports theme center to raise professional sportsmen and to supply them to where they are needed.
김경순,조영하,전진호,조은희,은충기 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.3
Objectives : To figure out the factors related to the failure of primary pulmonary tuberculosis(Tb) treatment and to enhance the efficiency of the treatment. Methods and Materials : The subjects were 137 Tb patients composed of the two groups; 44 failure cases and 93 success cases who admitted in National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital during 2001. The failure means no improvement with the standard short term regimen of INH and RFP. Patients' informations were gathered through medical records and face-to-face interview survey, and, the data were analyzed with SPSS(ver 10.0). Results : Mean age of the subjects were 47.6 years. Most cases were diagnosed at clinics or hospitals at first, due to the symptoms. No difference in smoking and alcohol habits between the two groups. The cases who got the informations about the whole process of treatment, and following regular regimens were more in the success group. The proportion of multi-drug resistance to the regular primary Tb regimen was higher in the failure group 8 cases out of 25 detectable failure cases. 0 case among 46 successful cases. And the four regular regimen(INH, RFP, EMB, PZA) was popular type of the resistance. In chest X-ray, multiply involved lesion(≥ two lobes), atelectasis and pleurisy were more frequent in the failure group. Conclusion : The major factors that enhance the efficiency of Tb treatment were the informations and compliance. Enough explanation about the whole process would be essential during Tb treatment, and, in case of MDR-Tb, susceptible regimen and surgical therapy should be considered.
복합유기용제에 노출된 조선소 도장작업자에서 발생한 파킨슨증후군
조민희,류향우,김은아 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.2
배경: 유기용제 노출에 의해 파킨슨증후군이 유발되었다는 사례들은 국외에서 다수 보고되어왔고, 그 기전을 밝히는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으나, 아직까지 국내에서는 이에 대한 보고사례가 없었다. 산업안전보건연구원에서 심의된 직업병 사례 중, 복합유기용제에 만성 노출 된 조선소 도장작업자에서 파킨슨증후군이 발생한 사례가 있어 이에 대한 산업의학적 평가 및 고찰을 보고하고자 한다. 사례: 53세 남자근로자가 약 13년간 조선소에서 스프레이 및 웃 도장작업과 선체파워작업을 하다가 특검결과, 중등도 인지기능장애를 보여 유기용제에 의한 만성독성뇌병증을 진단받았다. 작업환경측정 결과 및 과거의 열악한 작업환경을 생각해볼 때 복합유기용제에 의한 과다노출이 상당했을 것으로 추정되었다. 근로자의 과거력 상 특이사항은 없었으며, 지능검사 및 심리검사 결과, 경도의 인지 기능 감퇴와 우울 및 불안소견을 보였고, SPECT 소견에 서는 왼쪽 측두엽 말단부에 경도의 관류 감소 소견을 보였다. MRI에서는 뇌실주위 및 피질하 백색질의 소혈관의 허혈성 변화 외에는 특이소견이 없었다. 신경전도검사상 양측 수근관 증후군 및 신경뇌병증, 말초신경장애 등 으로 진단받아 계속 치료를 받아오던 중 왼쪽 팔다리가 어둔해져오고 운동완만, 경축 등이 있으면서, 왼손의 떨림 현상이 발생하여 파킨슨병 의심 하에 도파민 약물로 치료하였으나 효과가 없었다. 이상의 임상소견과 직업력을 근거로 이 환자는 유기용제에 의한 파킨슨증후군으로 진단받았으며, 양쪽 심부 뇌 자극술을 시행하여 손떨림은 덜해졌으나 운동완만은 호전되지 않았다. 3년 후인 현재, 환자는 왼손 떨림이 오른손으로 진행하는 등 계속적인 악화양상을 보이고 있다. 결론: 이 사례는 환자가 유기용제에 의한 만성독성뇌병증으로 진단된 지 수년 후 파킨슨증후군이 나타난 경우 로, 약 13년간의 유기용제 노출력 및 노출평가를 볼 때 유기용제에 과다노출 되었음을 추정할 수 있었다. 또한, 환자의 임상양상은 파킨슨병에 가까웠으나, 유기용제로 인한 독성뇌병증의 정신 증상이 다른 증상보다 선행하여 나타났고, 중요한 진단기준인 레보도파 약물 치료에는 반응이 없어 파킨슨병과는 차이가 있었다. 망간에 의한 파킨슨증후군의 경우 주로 바닥핵이 손상되어 파킨슨병과 구별되는 임상증상을 보이는 것과 달리, 유기용제의 경우 바닥핵 뿐 아니라 흑색질도 관여된다는 보고와 함께 뇌 백질의 손상도 동반되는 것으로 알려져 파킨슨병과 감별이 어렵다. 따라서 이 환자는 유기용제 독성으로 인한 파킨슨증후군일 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 현재 유기용제와 파킨슨증후군의 정확한 발생기전은 알 수 없으나 유기용제 노출 근로자의 신경질환 예방을 위해서는 유기용제에 의한 중추신경독성과 파킨슨증후군의 관련성에대한 활발한 역학적 연구가 필요하다. Background: It is well-known that organic solvents can cause various neurologic toxicities, and in particular, it had been reported that Parkinson's syndrome can be caused by organic solvents. Case report: A 53-year-o1d man who had worked for 13 years as a shipyard spray and brush painter and manifested with moderate cognitive disorder and was diagnosed with chronic toxic encephalopathy. We can assume he had had considerable exposure to organic solvents considering the estimates of the amounts of organic solvents in his work place. He had no specific medical history. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) showed mild cognitive deficit, depression, and anxiety. Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) indicated a slightly decreased flow at the edge of the left temporal brain area, while T2 brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed no specific signs except for ischemic changes in small vessels in the periventricular and subcortical white matter. He was also diagnosed with both carpal tunnel syndrome and peripheral neuropathy through a neuroconductive study. Several years later, he developed progressive bradykinesia and rigidity and, later, resting tremors in the left hand. He was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and treated with dopaminergic agents, but there was no effect. After that, he was given deep brain stimulation, both. As a result, his tremor is improved, but, the rigidity remained. Three years later, He has continuously received dopaminergic therapy, but, he complains about tremors in both hands and more greatly reduced cognitive function. Conclusion: In this case, we assumed by patient's work history and exposure estimates that he was exposed to excessive levels of organic solvents. The clinical symptoms of this patient were very similar to those from Parkinson's disease, but the psychological symptom appeared earlier than the other Symptoms and there was no response to dopaminergic agents. We conclude that this case is likely Parkinson's syndrome caused by organic solvents.
김은남,장기용,강병조 대한생물치료정신의학회 1995 생물치료정신의학 Vol.1 No.2
본 연구는 정신분열병 환자들의 연성 신경학적 증상을 알아보고 또한 가족력 유무에 따른 연성 신경학적 증상의 차이를 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 1995년 7월부터 동년 10월까지 국립부곡정신병원에 입원치료중이며 DSM-IV 진단 기준에 의해 정신분열병으로 진단된 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 이중 병록지와 환자 가족의 정보를 근거로 하여 1차 인척 중에서 정신분열병의 기왕력이 있는 환자들을 가족력이 있는 환자군으로 분류하였다. Buchanan과 Heinrich의 신경학적 평가척도의 한국어판을 이용하여 가족력이있는 정신분열병 환자군20명, 가족력이 없는 정신분열병 환자군 20명 그리고 정상대조군 20명 사이의 연성 신경학적 이상소견을 비교하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 연성 신경학적 평가척도의 총점은 정신분열병 환자군은 23.93±6.66, 정상대조군은 3.55±2.46으로 두 군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다(P<0.0001). 정신분열병 환자군은 감각통합 영역, 운동조정 영역, 복합활동순서화 영역, 그리고 기타 영역에서 정상대조군 보다 유의하게 높은 점수를 나타내었다(P<0.0001) 2) 연성 신경학적 이상 소견은 정신분열병 환자의 가족력의 유무와 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. 가족력이 있는 환자들이 신경학적 평가척도의 모든 영역에서 가족력이 없는 환자들보다 평균 점수가 높게 나타났으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이상의 결과에서 정상대조군보다 정신분열병 환자군에서 연성 신경학적 이상소견이 많이 나타났다. 이는 생물학적 표지로서의 연성 신경학적 증상의 중요성을 보여준다고 할 수 있다. 그러나 가족력 유무에 따른 연성 신경학적 이상 소견에 유의한 차이가 없었으므로 이 생물학적 표지가 trait marker인지 state marker인지는 좀더 연구를 해 보아야 할 것 같다. This study was performed to assess neurologic soft sign(NSS) in schizophrenics and to know the relationship between NSS and family history of schizophrenia. All Patients were hospitalized in Bugok National hospital during the period from July, 1995 to October, 1995 and diagnosed as schizophrenia based on DSM-IV criteria. Schizophrenics were classified as familial schizophrenics if at least one first-degree relative had a clear history of schizophrenia, based on review of any medical records and reports of family informants. The authors evaluated NSS using the structured tool for measuring neurological abnormalities, Neurological Evaluation Scale-Korean Version(NSE-K). A comparison of NSS score was made among three groups subjects consisting of 20 familial schizophrenics, 20 non-familial schizophrenics and 20 normal controls. The results were as follows : 1) the schizophrenics were significantly more impaired than normal controls on total scores of sensory integration, motor coordination, sequencing of complex motor acts and other areas(P<0.0001). 2) NSS scores were not correlated with family history of schizophrenia. Mean item scores of familial schizophrenics were higher than non-familial schizophrenics but there were statistically no differences between two groups. these findings suggest that abnormal NSS may be one of possible biological markers of schizophrenics. But there were statistically no differences in NSS scores between familial schizophrenics and non-familial schizophrenics. therefore, A further study is needed to investigate whether NSS is a trait marker of schizophrenics.
국내육성 오차드그라스 품종들의 캘러스 형성율 및 식물체 재분화 효율
김기용,강경민,배은경,이인애,임용우,최기준,박근제,손대영,조진기 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-
Comparisons of callus formation ratios from seed explants, callus sizes, regeneration ratios from callus and regeneration efficiency for 4 orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) varieties (Three were developed in Korea and one was imported from foreign nation) are as follows; Jangbeol 102 (67.0%) has the highest callus formation ratio in 4 weeks incubated callus after bedding the seed explants, but Potomac (68.4%) has the highest ratio in 6-seek callus. Potomac (3.93cm) has the highest callus size in 4-week callus, but Jangbeol 101 (4.32cm) has the highest size in 6-week callus. Jangbeol 101 (17.7%) has the highest plant regeneration ratio in 4-week callus, but Potomac (37.4%) has the highest raion in 6-week callus. Jangbeol 102 (11.5%) has the highest plant regeneration efficiency in 4-week callus, but Potomac (25.6%) has the highest efficiency in 6-week callus.
스코어 기반 스팸 메일 필터링 기술을 추가한 메일서버 스캐너 개선 연구
김영현,김명주,최은정,박은옥 서울여자대학교 컴퓨터과학연구소 2003 정보기술논문지 Vol.1 No.-
본 눈문에서는 정보화 사회에 있어서 E-mail 사용의 확산과 그에 따라 발생하는 컴퓨터 바이러스, 웜, 스팸메일 등의 출현에 따른 문제의 예방책으로써 메일서버스캐너를 제시한다. 이러한 필요성에 기반하여 기존의 개발된 메일스캐너의 개념을 이해하고 기능을 분석한다. 기능 분석을 통해 각각의 메일스캐너의 단점을 개선하고 장점을 강화하는 등의 새롭게 보강된 메일서버스캐너 기술을 제안한다. Indicated in this paper are the problems followed by the proliferation of use of E-mails in this information-oriented society and the advent of computer viruses, worms and spam mails. Mail server scanners for servers are also discussed as a countermeasure. Concepts of conventional mail scanners are described and its functionality is analyzed. New technologies for mail server scanners, reinforced by functional analysis of conventional mail scanners, are suggested. Moreover, IMScanner described in this paper offers detection of unknown malicious codes based on form analysis, in addition to strong 3-level filtering.
金乙仁,曺哉銑,金銀洙 경희대학교 부설 식량자원개발연구소 1983 硏究論文集 Vol.4 No.-
In order to investigate changes of residual content of pesticides, captafol and fenitrothion, grapes fortified with 1.075-49.350 ppm of captafol and 4.404-41.090 ppm of fenitrothion were washed with tap water and liquid detergent solution and then processed to canned juice and canned grape. During the washing and processing, residual contents of captafol and fenitrothion in the grapes were determined. The results obtained were as follows. 1. When the grape, fortified with 1.075 ppm of captafol and 4.404 ppm of fenitrothion, were washed with tap water, 78.9% of captafol and 90.2% of fenitrothion were removed, and when these were washed by dipping in liquid detergent solution for 10 minutes, 91.8% and 94.4% of the pesticides were removed, respectively. 2. Residual contents of captafol and fenitrothion were decreased from 1.740 ppm and 41.090 ppm in fresh grapes to 0.023 ppm-trace and 0.075-0.098 ppm in fresh juice, respectively. These were further decreased to 0.015ppm-trace and 0.052-0.057 ppm when the juice were heated to 65℃ for 20 minutes. Both were decomposed completely by heating at temperature of 80℃ for 30 minutes. 3. By peeling the grapes, residual captafol and fenitrothion in flesh were removed 96% and 99.5% of original content, respectively. These were also decomposed completely by sterilizing at 100℃ for 20minutes during canning process.
김난주,송미선,이기주,전미영,조성희,허은영 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1985 家政大論集 Vol.4 No.-
시판 생선묵 26종을 무작위로 수집해서 전분 함량을 조사한 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 전분 함량이 5∼10%되는 것이 19.2%, 10∼20%되는 것은 69.2%로서 가장 많았고, 20∼30%나 되는 많은 양의 전분을 첨가한 제품도 11.5%나 되었다. 2. 비교적 값비싼 제품이 전분을 더 많이 첨가하고 있었다. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the content of starch in the 26kinds of fishcake which were randomly sampled The results of it were as follows ; 1. The highest percentage of those fishcake, the starch containing rate 10~20%, was 69.2% among all of them. The next, the starch containing rate 5~10%, was 19.2% And the last, the starch containing rate 20~30%. was 11.5%. 2. The expensive fishcake, the higher containing rate of starch.
製紙工程에서 分離한 슬라임 形成細菌의 最適 生長條件 探索
김은희,조병묵,오정수 동국대학교 생명자원과학대학 연습림 1997 연습림논문집 Vol.- No.5
The eight bacteria isolated from papermaking process were tested under the condition of 30℃, 35℃, 40℃ with pH 5, 7, 9. The growth of Pseudomonas paucimobilis B was the most excellent at 30℃ with pH 7. Staphylococcus sapropyticus was very good at 35℃ with pH 7 and pH 9. Pseuomonas cepacia generally grew well at every pH condition except for 40℃, pH 9. Acinetobactor calcoaceticus was excellent at 35℃ with pH 7 and at 30℃ with pH 9. Actinobacillus capsulatus showed the good growth in every tested condition except for pH 5 of 35℃, 40℃. The unidentified sprain was very good at 35℃ with pH 7 and pH 9. Staphylococcus auricularis had a unique growth pattern at pH 9 at every tested temperature condition. Acidovorax sp. was good at pH 7 and pH 9 of 30℃, 35℃, 40℃. This isolated bacteria generally showed good growth at pH 7 of 35℃, 40℃.