2010 해남, 평창, 원주지역 갈대 등 야초류의 이용실태와 사료가치 평가

서성(Sung Seo),한대덕(Dae Duk Han),장선식(Sun Sik Jang),김원호(Won Ho Kim),정민웅(Min Woong Jung),최진혁(Jin Hyuck Choi),김진숙(Jin Sook Kim),김하영(Ha Young Kim),이종경(Joung Kyong Lee) 한국초지조사료학회 2012 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 부존 조사료자원 이용으로 수입사료를 줄이고 사료비를 절감하고자 2010년도에 전남 해남(간척지), 강원 평창(강변), 원주(섬강변), 전남 영광(와탄강변) 등 4개 지역에서 갈대와 억새 등 야초 자생지를 탐색하고, 수확·이용실태 조사와 함께 사료가치를 분석하였다. 전남 해남 해남목장 내 갈대(Phragmites communis) 위주의 야초 자생지는 300 ha로 예년에는 2회 곤포작업하여 연간 사일리지로 2,300~2,500톤(ha당 8톤)을 생산하였으나 2010년도는 1회 곤포조제로 사일리지 2,000톤(ha당 7톤)을 생산하였다. 유통가격은 롤 당 53천원으로 ㎏당 110원이었다. 곤포는 전량 자가소비하며, 외부 작업단에 롤 당 26천원의 작업비를 지불하였다. 연간 조수입은 2억 2,260만원이며, 소득은 1억원 수준(345천원/ha)이었다. 초장 150 ㎝의 갈대는 조단백질 8.4%, 상대사료가치 71.9 (건초 5등급), 건물 소화율 60.1%로 사료가치는 볏짚에 비해 약간 나은 것으로 평가되었다. 갈대 사일리지의 사료가치와 유기산 함량은 동일 지역에서 동일한 재료로 사일리지를 조제하더라도 수확시기에 따라 차이가 컸으며(CP 4.7~6.4%, RFV 62.2~78.9, 건물 소화율 41.9~53.9%), 갈대 사일리지의 품질은 수단그라스에 비해 불량하였다. 강원 평창 강변 자생갈대의 사료가치는 초장이 79, 117, 121, 142㎝로 생육이 진행됨에 따라 낮아져, 조단백질은 각각 13.9%에서 7.6%로, 상대사료가치는 90.7 (건초 3등급)에서 76.1 (건초 4등급)로, 건물 소화율은 72.9%에서 54.7%로 감소하였다. 원주 섬강 주변 야초류는 곤포수확 작업에 어려움이 있었으며, 초장 130 cm의 갈대는 조단백질 8.5%, 상대사료가치 82.3 (건초 4등급), 건물 소화율 70.2%로 사료가치는 높았으며, 220㎝의 성숙한 갈대는 조단백질 10.2%, 상대사료가치 65.1 (건초 5등급), 건물 소화율 48.9%로 볏짚 대비 조금 나은 것으로 평가되었다. 전남영광지역에서는 와탄천 주변에 자생하는 갈대를 수거 이용하고자 시도하였으나 경제성이 없어 중단하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여볼 때, 갈대, 억새 등 야초류는 현 상태에서 최대한 수거·이용하되, 사료가치를 유지하고 가축 기호성이 양호한 시기에 수확하는 것이 중요하며, 최소한 볏짚과 비슷하거나 그 이상의 사료가치를 기대하기 위해서는 7월 중순 이전(늦어도 7월까지)에 수확·이용하는 것이 권장된다. This study was carried out in 2010 to investigate the utilization and forage quality of native grasses, such as Phragmites communis which might reduce the cost of feeding domestic cattle. The regions surveyed were the Haenam ranch in Haenam, Pyeongchang, Wonju, and Yeonggwang. In Haenam, yearly silage production harvested from 300 ha was 2,000 MT (7 MT/ha). All of those round bale silages were self-consumed in that region, and marketing price was 50,000 55,000 won per roll (110 won/㎏). Phragmites communis of 150 ㎝ in length contained 8.4% crude protein (CP) with relative feed value (RFV) 71.9 and 60.1% in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), which was somewhat more favorable than forage quality of rice straw. The silage quality of Phragmites communis varied greatly by the time of harvest (CP 4.7 6.4%, RFV 62.2 78.9, and IVDMD 41.9 53.9%), even with the same district and of the same original forage materials. Generally, the quality of Phragmites communis silage of was poorer than that of sorghum * sudangrass hybrid. In Pyeongchang, forage quality of Phragmites communis was decreased from 13.9% to 7.6% in CP, 90.7 to 76.1 in RFV, and 72.9% to 54.7% in IVDMD, as plant was getting mature, from 79 ㎝ to 117 ㎝, 121 ㎝ or to 142 ㎝ in length. In Wonju, the quality values of Phragmites communis of 130 ㎝ in length were 8.5% CP, 82.3 RFV and 70.2% IVDMD, while those of matured grasses of 220 ㎝ in length were lower (10.2% CP, 65.1 RFV and 48.9% IVDMD), but this was a little more favorable than quality of rice straw. In Yeonggwang, feeding Phragmites communis was tried in a Hanwoo feed, but stopped due to low profitability. In conclusion, the overall quality of most native grasses including Phragmites communis in this survey was poor. Therefore, we recommend that Phragmites communis and native grasses should be harvested on June or July to obtain richer forage quality in forage values than rice straw.

알코올의 섭취가 흰쥐의 혈액과 간의 지질대사에 미치는 영향

이명숙,김영연,김효숙,김매하,전진순,서진숙,송선미,양영재,윤원손,이미라,이효영,정승현 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2004 生活文化硏究 Vol.18 No.-

To investigate the effects of ethanol on the lipid metabolism in blood and liver, twenty one male Sprague Dawley rats had orally taken the 25% alcohol and 50% alcohol by 5g per Kg of weight during 3 weeks after the adjusting period. For the energy balance, 85% sucrose and 45% sucrose was added in control group and 25% alcohol group each. The weight was reduced by alcohol treatment according to the levels, otherwise the weight of liver and heart was little increased in alcohol groups rather than in control without significance. Moreover, RBC, WBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased by alcohol treatment according to the levels without significance. Otherwise, adjusted bilirubin levels by 100g of weight was significantly increased by alcohol treatment dose dependently. Alcohol induced RBC degradation and increased circulated bilirubin because of liver damage. For blood lipid profiles, blood cholesterol was increased in 50% of alcohol group compared to that of 25% and control groups, otherwise, blood triglycerides (TG) was increased by 30% in 25% alcohol groups rather than in control but not significantly different. The hepatic lipid composition, cholesterol levels in alcohol treatment groups was lower than those in control. The hepatic TG was not influenced by alcohol treatment. The two reasons of decreasing hepatic lipids were suggested by 85% sucrose of control for energy balance more synthesized cholesterol and TG than those in 25 or 50% alcohol groups, and by cholesterol and TG could not be synthesized because of liver damage from alcohol.

유전자 재조합 사람 IFN-beta인 제네베타와 베네세린의 생물학적 활성의 비교

하종천,이협준,박봉환,김진숙,유대근,남상윤 전주대학교 자연과학종합연구소 2003 전주대학교 자연과학연구소 학술논문집 Vol.15 No.1

Background: Recombinant IFN-beta products have been approved for the treatment of several diseases. Recently, Inbionet, Co. has successfully developed rhIFN-beta product, Genebeta. This study was performed in a purpose of confirming the biological activity of Genebeta by comparison with another recombinant IFN-beta, Beneserin which was already approved. Methods: In vitro antiporliferative activity, regulation of MHC class I expression, antiviral activity, regulation of natural killer cell cytotoxicity were studied for functional comparison of these two rhIFN-beta products. Results: Proliferation assay data showed that two recombinant IFN-beta inhibited T cell and Daudi cell proliferation to a similar extent. When antiviral activity was compared, there was no significant difference between them. The treatment of these two rhIFN-beta also resulted in a similar level of upregulation of class I expression on the surface of A549 cells. Cytotoxicity experiment against tumor cells revealed that both of rhIFN-beta could enhance NK cell cytotoxicity to comparable level. Conclusion: All comparison data indicated that rhIFN-beta products, Genebeta and Beneserin have comparable potentials as a biological response modifier.

일 농촌지역의 우울 증상에 관한 역학연구 -위험요인 및 요인구조분석

하양숙,홍진표,김한규,이군희,한경자,조맹제,김용익,송미순,박성애,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 우울증 척도인 the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)을 이용하여 지역사회 주민의 우울증상의 정도를 평가하고, 우울증상의 위험요인을 분석하고, 한국인에서 우울증상의 요인구조를 알기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 경기도 일 농촌 지역의 30세 이상 주민에 대해 무작위 군집 집락 추출을 실시하였고, 훈련된 면담원들이 가정 방문을 통하여 면접 및 자기보고 검사인 CES-D를 실시하였다. 총 1,315명에서 응답을 하였고 응답율은 59.3%이었다. 결 과 : CES-D에 의한 우울증 점수는 0∼5점이 57%정도를 차지하였고, 평균 점수는 남자 7.8점 여자 9.5점으로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. ANCOVA 분석 결과 비결혼, 저학력, 여성이라는 위험요인은 독립적으로 우울증상을 악화시키는 요인이었으나 연령은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. CES-D 결과를 요인분석을 시행한 결과 4가지 요인이 추출되었는데 우울증상 및 신체증상이 한 개의 요인으로, 다른 나라에서 보고되지 않는 정서적 고통이 별도의 요인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 : 국내 역학 조사에서도 외국과 유사한 우울점수 및 위험요인이 확인되었으나 우울증의 요인에서는 특이한 요인이 추출되었다. 한국인에 독특한 우울 반응에 관한 추가 연구가 필요하다. Objectives :The rates, correlates, and factor structure of depressive symptoms in a Korean rural sample were examined using Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Methods : Door to door visiting survey was conducted by trained interviewers. A random cluster sample of 1,315 respondents, aged 30 and over completed the CES-D scale along with additional sociodemographic questionnaire. Results : In this sample, mean CES-D score of male and female were 7.8 and 9.5, respectively which were lower than those reported previously. Symptoms of depression were most common among the less educated, non-married and female according to ANCOVA. Age was not a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. Different factor structures emerged from this sample as compared to other studies using this approach. Somatic symptoms and affective symptoms were combined as one factor and emotional hardship emerged as a separate factor. Conclusion : Symptoms scores and risk factors were similar to the results reported in other countries but unique factor structures were found in this study. Further research is needed about the Korean depressive symptomatology and related areas.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

向精神藥物과 蟲垂炎 및 麻痺性 腸閉塞에 관한 臨床的 考察

禹幸源,田珍淑 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1982 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.30 No.-

본연구는 임상에서 향정신약물요법을 시행하는 중 이의 항콜린효과(anticholinergic effect)로 인해 병발한 복부증상중 충수염과 마비성장폐색에 관해 연구하였다. 정신과 환자들은 질환자체증상인 무관심과 치료약물의 동통완화작용으로 인해 증상호소력이 경미하므로 흔히 진단과 치료의 지연을 초래하게 되고 사망에까지 이를 수 있는 잠재적 위험을 내포하고 있다. 이에 저자는 즉각적인 외과적 치료가 요구되는 향정신약물로 인한 복부 부작용의 증례를 검토하여 이를 조기발견하여 조기치료함으로써 향정신약물로 인한 복부 부작용 증상을 효과적으로 치료 및 예방하는데 주안점을 두어 본 연구를 시도하였다. 저자는 1977년 1월 1일부터 1981년 12월 31일까지 이화여자대학교 부속병원 신경정신과에 입원하여 향정신약물로 치료받은 997예중 충수염과 마비성장폐색이 발병된 26예에 대해서 병록검토 및 문헌고찰을 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 충수염과 마비성장폐색의 발생은 20대가 13예(53.8%)로서 제일 많았다. 2. 정신과적 진단명은 정신분열병이 14예(53.8%)로서 제일 많았다. 3. 입원횟수와 입원전 약물치료 경험에 있어서는 충수염환자는 1회 입원이 7예(50.0%)로서 제일 많았고 마비성장폐색은 2회 입원이 5예(41.7%)로서 제일 많았고 12예중 9예(75.0%)가 입원전약물 치료 경험이 있었다. 4. 투약에 있어서는 1예(3.8%)는 항정신병제를 단독사용하였고, 25예(96.2%)는 항정신병제, 항우울제, 항파킨손제를 복합사용하였는데 25예중15예(57.7%)는 항정신병제 중에서도 두종류 이상의 phenothiazine과 항파킨손제제가 복합사용되었다. 약물의 용량은 충수염이 마비성장폐색보다 일반적으로 많았다. 5. 발병시기에 있어서는 3∼5주가 10예(38.5%)로서 제일 많았는데 충수염은 입원 1∼3주에 14예중 6예(42.9%)가 발병했고, 마비성장폐색은 12예중 7예(58.4%)가 3∼5주에 발병했다. 6. 임상증상은 충수염에서는 우하복부동통과 오심, 구토가 10예로서 제일 많았고, 마비성장폐색에서는 복부팽만이 9예로서 제일 많았고 설사 변비가 7예였다. 7. 혈액소견은 정상범위가 17예로서 제일 많았고 복부 방사선소견은 충수염은 가스팽창이 13예로서 제일 많았고, 마비성장폐색은 전예에서 가스팽창과 그 중 6예에서 air-fluid level을 보였다. 충수염 환자 중 충수절제술을 받은 11예 중에서 10예는 분석을 충수강 내용물로 함유했다. 8. 충수염 환자는 11예(78.6%)에서 수술로서 치유되었고 마비성 장폐색 환자는 전예가 보존요법으로 치유되었다. This study was made to appreciate the potential fatality of the abdominal complications caused by the anticholinergic side effect of psychotropic drugs and to suggest the possible ways of early diagnosis, treatment and prevention in concerned with those complications. The 26 cases of appendicitis and paralytic ileus among 997 casesof psychiatric in-patients admitted in Ewha Womans University Hospital from January 1st in 1977 to December 31st in 1981 were retrospectively reviewed and discussed. The following results were obtained: 1. The age distribution of appendicitis and paralytic ileus showed peak in twenties (50.0%). 2. The most frequent psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenic disorder (53.8%). 3. 7 Cases (50.0%) of appendicitis occurred in the 1st admission, and 5 Cases (41.7%) of paralytic ileus occurred in the 2nd admission. On the previous history of pharmacotherapy, there were 7 cases (50.0%) in appendicitis and 9 cases (75.0%) in paralytic ileus. 4. 25case (96.2%) were prescribed with polypharmacy, 15 cases (57.7%) were combination of over 2 kinds of phenothiazines with antiparkinsonian drugs. The dosage was larger in appendicitis than in paralytic ileus. 5. Most frequent time of onset of appendicitis and paralytic ileus was at 3-5 wks after admission (38.5%). 6. The clinical symptoms frequently seen were abdominal distention (9 cases), diarrhea or constipation (7 cases) in paralytic ileus, while right lower abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting were most frequently seen in appendicitis (10 cases). 7. Hematological findings showed within normal limit in 17 cases. The abdominal X-ray showed gaseous distention in 25 cases, air-fluid level in 8 cases and fecal mass in 4 cases. The content of the appendix was filled with fecalith in 10 cases among 11 appendicectomized cases. 8. Most of patients with appendicitis were cured by appendectomy (78.6%), and all the patients with paralytic lieus were healed by various supportive measures.

경쟁적 효소면역검사를 이용한 혈청내 매독균 항체 검사의 유용성

최하영,박건,장숙진,박영진,문대수 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Background : Laboratory methods for detection of syphilis are Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test to non-treponemal tests, and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) and microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to Treponema pallidum (MHA-TP) to treponemal tests. However, RPR card test had many false positive results and FTA-ABS IgM method required high degrees of technical ability and experience. Recently, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits for IgM and IgG antibodies to T. pallidum in syphilis have been developed. So, we evaluated that usefulness of competitive EIA for detection of T. pallidum antibody in serum. Methods : RPR positive 38 specimens and negative 6 specimens were compared by T. pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA), two commercial competitive EIA kits for detection of syphilis and FTA-ABS IgM. Those data were compared with concordant and discordant rate of each RPR, TPHA, EIA and FTA-ABS IgM. Results : 28 of 34 RPR positive specimens were TPHA(+) and EIA (+), and 6 of 6 RPR negative specimens were TPHA (-) and EIA (-). The data of two EIAs were same results with TPHA. 3 of 28 EIA positive specimens were FTA-ABS IgM (+), and 16 of 16 EIA negative specimens were FTA-ABS IgM (-). Conclusion: Two commercial competitive EIA kits for detection of syphilis were evaluated. The EIA method could be replaced with RPR and TPHA, and this method was possible to combination for detection of syphilis.

癎疾患者의 局所的 腦血流

田珍淑,朴容九,廉夏勇 大韓神經精神醫學會 1988 신경정신의학 Vol.27 No.2

Although nuclear tomography had begun in 1959 by Kuhl, investigators has been interested in the SPECT since 1970s. Among various radionuclide tracers, technetium(Tc99m) has been known to be more available because it can be easily permeable through the blood-brain barrier, adequately retentive, and widely usable in the clinical field because of it's lower costs than the positron emission tomography(PET). So, 99m Tc-HMPAO SPECT has been used in the studies on cerebrovascular diseaese, dementias, epilepsy, tumor, migraine, schizophrenia, alcoholism and affective disorders, etc. In the epilepsy, it was reported that the cerebral blood flow was increased during ictal phase, but decreased during interictal period, while others insisted of interictal hyperperfusion due to subictal neuronal hyperactivity. We compared the cerebral blood flow of 17 epileptics with that of 12 neurotic controls measured by 99m Tc-HMPAO SPECT to observe the perfusion change in the interictal phase. The results were as follows : 1) Compared to the controls whose activity counts per frame were decreased to 5.5 ±3.3%(mean ±S.D.), 29.4% of epileptics showed hyperperfusion to 10.9±7.2%(p<0.05), and 70.6% showed hypoperfusion to 10.8±3.3%(p<0.001). 2) Most of foci of maximal blood flow change were located at the right hemisphere and posterior part. The foci in the anterior part could be found more in controls(33.3%), while posterior foci in epileptics(88.2% ;hyperperfusion group 80.8%, hyoperfusion group 91.6%) without statistical significance. 3) The degree of EEG abnormality was not correlated whit the activity counts per frame. Abnormal findings were more frequently seen in the hyperperfusion gruop(80.8%) than in the hypoperfusion group(41.7%) without statistical significance. The abnormal findings are mostly composed of high voltage(88.9%), and spike with or without wave(50.0%) or slow wave only(50.0%) without correlation with the activity counts per frame.

열분해가스크로마토그라피/질량분석기에 의한 자동차 페인트의 분석 및 검색프로그램의 응용

손성건,박하선,이진숙,정영호,홍성욱,박종신,박성우 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA)항응고제에 의한 Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV)변화

홍승민,박영진,최하영,임진,정옥연,이호준,이호영,장숙진,문대수 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 1996 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.21 No.2

It is essential that we put the anticoagulant into the blood specimen of the CBC test. However, the value of some parameters in the CBC test can be changed whenever using some anticoagulants. EDTA anticoagulant is mostly used these days. There are 3 kinds of EDTA, that is K_(2-), K_(3-), and Na_(2-) EDTA. The author studies how many effects each the EDTA gets into the true value of blood specimen for MCV of RBCs. Especially we compared the MCV effect of different concentrations of 3 EDTA anticoagulants on the bias with time and instrument. Some results are gotten. In our results, K_(3-)EDTA anticoagulant shows more satisfactory MCV value than K_(2) or Na_(2-)EDTA. On using concentration of EDTA, 1.5㎎ EDTA/㎖ of blood show more satisfactory MCV value than 7.5㎎ EDTA/㎖ of blood. However, the choice of anticoagulant may be dependant on the different instruments.