Gradient-based Parameter Estimation for a Nonlinear Exponential Autoregressive Time-series Model by Using the Multi-innovation

Jian Pan,Yuqing Liu,Jun Shu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.1

The parameter estimation methods for the nonlinear exponential autoregressive model are investigated in this paper. We develop a forgetting factor gradient parameter estimation algorithm for improving the estimation accuracy. For the purpose of improving the identification accuracy further, a forgetting factor multi-innovation stochastic gradient algorithm is derived by using the multi-innovation theory. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is proved by a simulation example.

Hierarchical Recursive Least Squares Estimation Algorithm for Second-order Volterra Nonlinear Systems

Jian Pan,Sunde Liu,Jun Shu,Xiangkui Wan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.12

This paper considers the parameter identification problems of a Volterra nonlinear system. In order to overcome the excessive calculation amount of the Volterra systems, a hierarchical least squares algorithm is proposed through combining the hierarchical identification principle. The key is to decompose the Volterra systems into three subsystems with a smaller number of parameters and to estimates the parameters of each subsystem, respectively. The calculation analysis indicates that the proposed algorithm has less computational cost than the recursive least squares algorithm. Finally, the simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm are effective for identifying Volterra systems.

Association of TNF-α-308 and -238 Polymorphisms with Risk of Cervical Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Pan, Feng,Tian, Jing,Ji, Chu-Shu,He, Yi-Fu,Han, Xing-Hua,Wang, Yong,Du, Jian-Ping,Jiang, Feng-Shou,Zhang, Ying,Pan, Yue-Yin,Hu, Bing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Published data on the associations between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) promoter -308G>A and -238G>A polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk are inconclusive. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis was performed. Data were collected from MEDLINE and PubMed databases. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in a fixed/random effect model. 13 separate studies including 3294 cases and 3468 controls were involved in the meta-analysis. We found no association between TNF-${\alpha}$-308G>A polymorphism and cervical cancer in overall population. In subgroup analysis, significantly elevated risks were found in Caucasian population (A vs. G: OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.00-2.03; AA vs. GG: OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.34-3.25; Recessive model: OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.35-3.25) and African population (GA vs. GG: OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.02-2.30). An association of TNF-${\alpha}$-238G>A polymorphism with cervical cancer was found (A vs. G: OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.47-0.78; GA vs. GG: OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.45-0.77; Dominant model: OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.46-0.77). When stratified by ethnicity, similar association was observed in Caucasian population (A vs. G: OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.46-0.84; GA vs. GG: OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.43-0.82; Dominant model: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.44-0.83). In summary, this meta-analysis suggests that TNF-${\alpha}$-238A allele significantly decreased the cervical cancer risk, and the TNF-${\alpha}$-308G>A polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to cervical cancer in Caucasian and African population.

Ultra-Early Surgery for Poor-Grade Intracranial Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Preliminary Study

Jian-Wei Pan,Ren-Ya Zhan,Liang Wen,Ying Tong,Shu Wan,Yong-Ying Zhou 연세대학교의과대학 2009 Yonsei medical journal Vol.50 No.4

Purpose: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades Ⅳ-Ⅴ). Materials and Methods: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were Ⅳ and 3 cases were Ⅴ. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). Results: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. Conclusion: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect. Purpose: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades Ⅳ-Ⅴ). Materials and Methods: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were Ⅳ and 3 cases were Ⅴ. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). Results: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. Conclusion: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect.

Control Algorithms of Magnetic Suspension Systems Based on the Improved Double Exponential Reaching Law of Sliding Mode Control

Jian Pan,Wei Li,Haipeng Zhang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.6

This paper proposes an improved double power reaching law integral SMC algorithm to overcome the chattering, large overshoot, slow response. This improved algorithm has two advantages. Firstly, the designed control law can reach the approaching equilibrium point quickly when it is away from or close to the sliding surface. The chattering and response speed problems can be resolved. Secondly, the proposed algorithm has a good anti-jamming performance, and can maintain a good dynamic quality under the condition of the uncertain external disturbance. Finally, the proposed algorithm is applied to the open-loop unstable magnetic suspension system. Theoretical analysis and Matlab simulation results show that the improved algorithm has better control performances than the traditional SMC and the power reaching law integral SMC algorithm, such as less chattering, smaller overshoots, and faster response speed.

A Filtering based Multi-innovation Extended Stochastic Gradient Algorithm for Multivariable Control Systems

Jian Pan,Xiao Jiang,Xiangkui Wan,Wenfang Ding 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.3

For a multivariable system with moving average noise (i.e., a multivariable controlled autoregressivemoving average system), this paper proposes a filtering based extended stochastic gradient (ESG) algorithm anda filtering based multi-innovation ESG algorithm for improving the parameter estimation accuracy. The key isusing the filtering technique and the multi-innovation identification theory. The proposed algorithms can identifythe parameters of the system model and the noise model. The filtering based multi-innovation ESG algorithm cangive more accurate parameter estimates. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithmswork well.

Multivariable CAR-like System Identification with Multi-innovation Gradient and Least Squares Algorithms

Jian Pan,Huijian Zhang,Hongzhan Guo,Sunde Liu,Yuqing Liu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.5

This paper focuses on the identification of a multivariable controlled autoregressive-like (CAR-like) system. A joint identification algorithm of stochastic gradient and least squares is deduced for estimating the system parameters by decomposing the multivariable CAR-like system into two subsystems, which avoids the calculation of the matrix inversion. To further improve the parameter estimation accuracy, a joint identification algorithm of hierarchical multi-innovation stochastic gradient and least squares is proposed by using the multi-innovation identification theory. The simulation results confirm that these proposed algorithms are effective.

Growth, Clonability, and Radiation Resistance of Esophageal Carcinoma-derived Stem-like Cells

Li, Jian-Cheng,Liu, Di,Yang, Yan,Wang, Xiao-Ying,Pan, Ding-Long,Qiu, Zi-Dan,Su, Ying,Pan, Jian-Ji Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Objective: To separate/enrich tumor stem-like cells from the human esophageal carcinoma cell line OE-19 by using serum-free suspension culture and to identify their biological characteristics and radiation resistance. Methods: OE-19 cells were cultivated using adherent and suspension culture methods. The tumor stem-like phenotype of CD44 expression was detected using flow cytometry. We examined growth characteristics, cloning capacity in soft agar, and radiation resistance of 2 groups of cells. Results: Suspended cells in serum-free medium formed spheres that were enriched for CD44 expression. CD44 was expressed in 62.5% of suspended cells, but only in 11.7% of adherent cells. The suspended cells had greater capacity for proliferation and colony formation in soft agar than the adherent cells. When the suspended and adherent cells were irradiated at 5 Gy, 10 Gy, or 15 Gy, the proportion of CD44+ suspended cells strongly and weakly positive for CD44 was 77.8%, 66.5%, 57.5%; and 21.7%, 31.6%, 41.4%, respectively. In contrast, the proportion of CD44+ adherent cells strongly positive for CD44 was 18.9%, 14.%, and 9.95%, respectively. When the irradiation dose was increased to 30 Gy, the survival of the suspended and adherent cells was significantly reduced, and viable CD44+ cells were not detected. Conclusion: Suspended cell spheres generated from OE-19 esophageal carcinoma cells in serum-free stem medium are enriched in tumor stem-like cells. CD44 may be a marker for these cells.

한국 소장 중국 간본(刊本) 통속소설에 대한 술론(述論)

潘建國 ( Pan Jian-guo ) 성균관대학교 대동문화연구원 2021 大東文化硏究 Vol.113 No.-

현존하는 여러 서목을 통계 분석한 결과, 한국에서 소장하고 있는 중국 통속소설 간본은 많으나 주로 청나라 중후반의 坊刻本, 청나라 말기 민국시기의 활자본과 石印本이 주를 이루며, 학술적 문헌가치가 상대적으로 높은 명 刻本과 청 초기 간본은 소장 량에 있어 한계가 있다. 그러나 그 중에는 유일본이나 선본이 적지 않다. 『型世言』, 『莽男兒』와 같이 중국에는 없는 소설 작품뿐만 아니라『皇明英烈傳』, 『百家公案』, 『廉明公案』, 『醒世姻緣傳』, 『引鳳簫』 등 명청 소설 초기의 중요한 판본도 소장하고 있어 충분한 학술적 가치가 있다. 조선 왕실 및 연행 사절은 중국 통속소설을 한반도에 유입하는 과정에서 매우 중요한 역할을 하였다. 비록 儒學이 한반도의 사회와 문화에서 주도적인 지위를 차지하고 있었지만 중국 통속소설은 전반적으로 여전히 최고의 경지에 이르기 힘들었다. 하지만, 한자 문화라는 특수한 힘에 의해 알게 모르게 대대로 조선인들에게 영향을 미쳤다. According to the statistical analysis of several existing bibliographies, the amount of Chinese printed popular fictions collected in South Korea is considerable, but the main is bookshop printed editions in mid and late Qing and stereotype or lithographic editions in late Qing and early republic. The amount of Ming and early Qing editions which have higher academic and documentation value is limited, but there are still some rare and the only existing editions, not only some lost fictions in China such as Xingshiyan, Mangnaner, but also some early important editions in Ming and Qing dynasty, such as Huangmingyingliezhuan, Baijiagongan, Lianminggongan, Xingshiyinyuanzhuan, Yinfengxiao, which can help academic work. In the process of the introduction of Chinese popular fictions to the Korean Peninsula, the Korean royal family and Yanxingshi played an important role. Although Chinese fictions didn't get enough attention in the Korean Peninsula, where Confucianism dominated, they still influenced generations of Koreans, directly or indirectly, using the special power of the Chinese character culture.

A putative pathogen-resistant regulatory pathway between MicroRNAs and candidate target genes in maize

Jian Gao,Mao Luo,Chun Zhang,Hua Peng,Haijian Lin,Yaou shen,Maojun Zhao,Guangtang Pan,Zhiming Zhang 한국식물학회 2015 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.58 No.4

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs that, in most cases, negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Plant miRNAs have been implicated in developmental processes and adaptation to environmental stress including biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of miRNAs and associated target genes under banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) stress caused by R. solani in maize. Eight differentially expressed miRNAs were randomly selected from deep sequencing results and validated by qRT-PCR together with their putative target genes, most of which are transcription factors as well as metabolic genes involved in auxin signaling. The results revealed that majorities of the analyzed miRNAs show an inverse correlation with their corresponding predicted target genes. In addition, a putative regulatory network of miRNAs-mRNAs responsive to R. solani was constructed. This study provides insight into the regulatory functions of miRNAs, thereby expanding our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of pathogen resistance.