A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea

Yong Sung Choi,정성훈,김은선,Eun Sun Kim,Eunhee Lee,Euiseok Jung,So-Yeon Lee,이우령,Hye Sun Yoon,Yong Joo Kim,Ji Kyoung Park,Son Moon Shin,Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim 대한신생아학회 2022 Neonatal medicine Vol.29 No.1

Purpose: Pediatricians have a significant responsibility to educate mothers about the importance of breastfeeding. However, there have been minimal efforts in the courses of resident training in Korea. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and attitude before and after a 4-week breastfeeding educational intervention among multicenter residents. Methods: Prospective interventional educational research was designed for residents at eight training hospitals in Korea. Institutional reviews were obtained in each hospital. The education curriculum consisted of 14 courses regarding breastfeeding theory and practice. These materials were used to teach pediatric residents for 4 weeks. Knowledge-based tests were administered before the course, and re-tests were administered after the course using different test items of similar levels. Test scores and survey responses were compared before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 73 residents (1st year 20, 2nd year 23, 3rd year 16, and 4th year residents 14) from eight training hospitals completed the intervention. Their average age was 30.3±2.9 years, 17 (23.3%) were male, 22 (30.1%) were married, and eight had more than one child of their own. The mean pre-test score was 61.8±13.4 and the mean post-test score was 78.3±7.5 (P<0.001). The inter-grade difference in the score was significant in the pre-test (P=0.005), but not significant in the post-test (P=0.155). There were more responses of obtaining confidence after the intervention (P<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, pediatric residents showed improvement in their knowledge and confidence level after 4 weeks of the breastfeeding curriculum. This will provide a basis for future policymaking in the training of pediatric residents regarding breastfeedReceived: 6 January 2022 Revised: 15 February 2022 Accepted: 15 February 2022 Correspondence to: Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3390 Fax: +82-2-3010-6978 E-mail: arkim@amc.seoul.kr A Multi-Center Educational Research Regarding Breastfeeding for Pediatrics Residents in Korea Yong-Sung Choi, MD,PhD1, Sung-Hoon Chung, MD, PhD2, Eun Sun Kim, MD, PhD3, Eun Hee Lee, MD4, Euiseok Jung, MD5, So Yeon Lee, MD, PhD5, Wooryoung Lee, MD6, Hye Sun Yoon, MD, PhD7, Yong Joo Kim, MD, PhD8, Ji Kyoung Park, MD, PhD9, Son Moon Shin, MD, PhD9, and Ellen Ai-Rhan Kim, MD, PhD5 1Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea 2Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea 3Department of Pediatrics, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea 4Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea 5Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 6Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 7Department of Pediatrics, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea 8Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea 9Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 pISSN 2287-9412 . eISSN 2287-9803 Copyright(c) 2022 By Korean Society of Neonatology This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Original Article 29 Neonatal Med 2022 February;29(1):28-35 https://doi.org/10.5385/nm.2022.29.1.28 ing in Korea.

아동들의 태권도 수련활동참가에 따른 열등감 및 자아존중감의 관계

정재엽,정국현,김지영,김현철,이용국 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between children's Inferiority and self-esteem during Taekwondo practice. In order to achieve this purpose, 480 subject were selected among participants of Taekwondo activity programs in the Seoul area by using the stratified cluster random sampling method. Out of the 480 questionnaires responded to. only 414 were used for data analyses because 66 were responded to incompletely or incorrectly. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire in which Inferiority and self-esteem consisted of items identified by Jun(1999) and Jun(1993), respectively. The statistical methods utilized in the study for analyzing the collected data were reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, standard multiple regression analysis and the following results were obtained: First, both Inferiority and self-esteem differ statistically and significantly according to both sociodemographic variables. Second, both Inferiority and self-esteem differ statistically and significantly according to Taekwondo practice. Third, Inferiority statistically and significantly influences self-esteem.

저작근에 전이된 신세포암 1예

정재현;황인성;유지형;성락희;노충희;정재용 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-

Renal cell carcinoma is the third most common neoplasia of the genitourinary tract. Its most common type, representing 60% of the cases, is the clear cell carcinoma, with an incidence peak between 50 and 70 years. Metastases are present at the time of diagnosis in approximately 30% of the patients, the major sites being lungs, bones, skin, liver, and brain. But distant metastasis of malignant neoplasm to the masseter muscle is extremely rare. We report a case of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasizing to the masseter muscle.

실험동물에서의 내분비계 교란물질인 DEHP, DBP의 생체내 영향

정지윤,이성호,박영석,박병권,김병수,김상기,박창식,강경선,이영순 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

The major protocol features of the rodent uterotrophic assay have been evaluated using a range of reference chemicals. The protocol variables considered include the selection of the test species and route of chemical administration, the age of the test animals, the maintenance diet used, and the specificity of the assay for estrogens. The rodents were ovariectomized under general anesthesia via bilateral flank incisions and randomly assigned to groups of 5 animals. This study investigated the estrogenic effects of phthalates, which are DEHP and DBP, suspected as endocrine disruptors. It is concluded that three daily subcutaneous administration of test chemicals, which are di-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP), to 9 week-old rodents. The results revealed that DEHP & DBP show similar uterotrophic activity in the rat and the mouse, using subcutaneous administration. DEHP and DBP failed to affect any of these parameters, which are body weight, mammary gland, vaginal and uterus histopathology. but, DBP increased uterus weight to only one rat of 1.0 g/kg group. The results conform the need for rigorous attention to experimental design and criteria for assessing estrogenic activity.

심전도에서 조기재분극을 보인 특발성 심실세동

이정은,함효주,이관용,노지웅,유진석,정우백 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2014 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.37 No.2

Early repolarization is a common electrocardiographic (ECG) feature found in young adults, men and athletes, and has been considered to be a benign feature for the last several decades. But recent studies suggest that early repolarization may be related to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac death. We report a young man, 35 years old, who had life threatening ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest. He was evaluated for cardiac causes of ventricular fibrillation. There was no explanation other than that his ECG showed an early repolarization pattern so we treated him with implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Thus, we suggest that early repolarization may be related with life threatening ventricular arrhythmia.

경피적 자궁동맥 색전술로 치료한 산후 출혈 1례

정명철,김호성,김경철,노지현,고재환,김용봉,권동일 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Postpartum hemorrhage remains one of the leading causes of maternal deaths. The major causes of postpartum hemorrhage include uterine atony, retained placental fragment, placenta accreta, and lower genital tract lacerations. Conservative treatment is based on administration of uterotonic drugs, vaginal packing, and surgical repair of genital tract lacerations. When bleeding fails to respond to conservative treatment, surgical ligation of uterine vessels or hemostatic hysterectomy is performed. We present a case of postpartum bleeding treated by selective uterine arterial embolization with a brief review of previous literatures of postpartum hemorrhage & uterine arterial embolization.

부산지역 매출액 상위기업의 위상과 변천사

정성문 · 정지미 · 이규용 · 김건우 · 김권호 · 박수정 · 양태완 · 지준영 · 이우평 신라대학교 부산학연구센터 2020 부산연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구는 부산지역의 주요기업 변화를 살펴보기 위해 매출액 기준 전국 상위 1,000대 기업에 속하는 부산기업을 조사하여 비교분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 2005년에 전국 1,000대 기업 중 46개 기업이 부산에 소재하였는데, 2019년에는 12 개가 줄어든 34개 기업만이 전국 1,000대 기업에 포함되었다. 또한, 전국 상위 1,000대 기업의 매출액 기준으로 부산지역 기업의 매출액 비중은 2005년 1.6%에서 2019년 1.4%로 줄어든 것으 로 나타났다. 이는 수도권 집중현상이 점차 강화되고 있기 때문이다. 한편, 부산지역 매출액 기준 상위 10대 기업은 많은 변화가 있었는데, 2005년 상위 10대 기업 중 2019년에도 상위 10대 기 업에 포함된 기업은 ㈜한진중공업, 르노삼성자동차(주), ㈜부산은행, ㈜서원유통 등 4개뿐인 것 으로 나타났다. 통계적 인과 관계는 확정할 수 없으나 지역 대기업의 쇠퇴 및 유출과 지역의 쇠퇴가 동시에 이루어지고 있어 지역 경제의 침체와 대기업의 쇠퇴 및 유출이 상당한 관계가 있음을 유추해 볼 수 있다. 특히 2011년 이후 지역 주력 제조업 기업들이 1000대 기업 진입에 실패하였다는 점을 주목해 볼 필요가 있다. 지역 제조업 대기업의 이탈 또는 쇠퇴는 지역 생산성 하락에 영향을 미 쳤을 가능성이 높고, 낮아진 지역 산업 생산성이 지역 경제성장률 둔화에도 영향을 미칠 가능성 이 있다. 따라서 지역의 경제활력 저하 문제를 제고하기 위해서는 지역 산업구조 개편 문제와 생 산성 향상 방안에 대한 고민이 필요하다.

급성 단순하부요로감염의 경험적 치료로써 레보플록사신 3일요법의 효과

이지열,이승주,이상돈,정희창,오봉렬,김세웅,최한용,조용현,윤문수 대한화학요법학회 2001 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.19 No.4

목적 : 급성 단순요로감염의 원인균에 대한 내성증가에 따른 경험적 1차치료의 선택에 대한 어려움으로 인하여 최근 미국의 Infectious Disease Society of America(IDSA)에서는 이에 대한 가이드라인을 제시하였다. IDSA의 가이드라인에 따르면 그 지역의 TMP-SMX에 대한 내성균주의 비율이 10-20% 이상일 때는 급성 단순요로감염의 경험적 1차치료제로 플루오로퀴놀론제를 선택하도록 하였다. 이에 저자들은 급성 단순하부요로감염 환자에 있어서 레보플록사신에 대한 임상적, 미생물학적 유효성 및 안전성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 시험은 전향적, 비맹검, 공개, 비비교, 다기관 임상시험으로 시행되었고 전국 5개 대학병원을 방문한 56명의 급성 단순하부요로감염 환자에게 레보플록사신 100㎎을 1일 3회, 3일간 경구 투여하여 1-3일 후에 추적 관찰하였다. 결과 : 평가가 가능하였던 53명의 환자 중 50명의 환자에서 치료 후 5-7일 후에 증상이 소실되었거나 호전되어 94%의 임상적 유효성을 보였으며, 51명의 환자에서 치료 후 1-3일 후에 원인균이 제거되어 96%의 미생물학적 유효성을 보였다. 약물 관련 이상반응은 2%의 환자에서 나타났으나 이로 인한 치료 중단 사례는 없었으며 심각한 생화학적 또는 혈액학적 이상반응은 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : 레보플록사신 100㎎ 1일 3회 3일 요법은 임상적, 미생물학적 유효성이 뒤어나며 안전한 치료요법으로 급성 단순하부요로감염의 경험적 1차 치료에 적합할 것으로 생각된다. Background : The increasing frequency of clinical failure of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) may be due to emerging resistance to commonly prescribed antimicrobials. Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines state that uncomplicated UTIs should be treated empirically with a fluoroquinolone, if the proportion of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates in the community is >10%-20%. The clinical efficacy and safety of levofloxacin were assessed in patients with acute, uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection. Methods : The study was a multicenter, prospective, open label, non-comparative, non-blinded trial. Fifty-six patients with acute, uncomplicated symptomatic lower urinary tract infections from five university hospitals were treated with levofloxacin 100㎎ tid for 3 days and were followed up for 1 to 5 days. Results : Fifty-three of the 56 patients were evaluable. Ninety-four per cent of patients were symptomatically cured or improved by the fifth to seventh day after therapy started. Bacteriological eradication of initial pathogen was achieved by 1 to 3 days in 96%. Drug related adverse experiences were seen in 2% of patients. None necessitated cessation of therapy. No significant biochemical or hematological abnormalities occurred. Conclusion : These results demonstrate the clinical efficacy and safety of empirical 3-day levofloxacin for acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections.

Brucella abortus 국내 분리주의 36kDa 외막단백을 암호하는 omp2b 유전자의 염기 분석

허지연,김지영,송근호,김명철,박창식,김태용,김정화,전무형 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

B. abortus 국내 분리주의 분자유전학적 성상을 규명하고 분자역학적 연구에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위해 36kDa OMP를 암호하는 omp2b 유전자를 PCR법으로 확인하고,그리고 omp2b 유전자의 핵염기 서열과 아미노산 서열을 결정하고 이 결과를 Brucella 표준균주 및 여러 동물에서 분리된 Brucella 분리주와 상호 비교 분석하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. B. abortus 분리 주 (7주)에 대해 omp2b primers를 이용하여 PCR을 수행한 바 공시한 참조균주와 분 리균주 모두에서 1,251bp의 특이한 DNA 절편이 각각 증폭되었다. 2. omp2b 유전자의 1,089bp에 대한 염기서열과 이에 대한 362개의 아미노산 서열을 결정하였다. 분리 균주의 omp2b 유전자의 염기서열을 참조균주와 비교 분석한 결과 B. abortus 2308 (biovar 1) 및 B abortus B3196 (biovar 5)과는 99.6%∼100% 및 99.5%∼99.9%의 매우 높은 상동성을 나타내었고,B. abortus 45/20 (biovar 1)과는 97.1%~97.4%의 상동성을 나타내었다. 또한 362개의 아미노산 서열에 대해 분석하였던 바,분리균주들은 B.abortustus 2308 (biovar 1) 및 B. abortus B3196 (biovar 5)과는 99.2%∼100%의 매우 높은 상동성을 보였으며,B. abortus 45/20 (biovar 1)과는 96.4%∼ 97.2%의 상동성을 보였다. 3. 본 시험에 공사된 브루셈라균주의 omp2b 유전자 서열과 여러 동물에서 분리된 브루셀라 분리주의 자료를 바탕으로 phylogenetic tree를 작성 한 바,국내 분리주는 B. abortus 2308 (biovar 1),B. abortus B3196 (biovar 5),B. abortus 45/20 (biovar 1),B. suis 1330 (biovar 1),B. melitensis 16M (biovar 1),B. canis NCTC 01854,B. neotomae 5K33과 97.3% 이상의 높은 근연성을 보이며 동일한 cluster에 소속되었으며,omp2b 유전자는 매우 잘 보존됨을 알 수 있었다. omp2b gene of Brucella abortus isolates encoding 36kDa outer membrane protein (OMP) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the sequences of nucleotide and amino acid were determined and analyzed to obtain the basic data for molecular epidemiological features of brucellosis in Korea. In PCR using omp2b primers for the gene of 36kDa aMP, the specific signals at 1,251bp were demonstrated, The nucleotide sequences of omp2b gene of 1,089bp were sequenced by dye terminator cycle sequencing method, and 362 amino acid sequences were predicted. As compared the nucleotide sequences with those of B. abortus reference strains, the isolates showed the very high homology to the reference strains ranging 97.1%∼100%. The similar results were also obtained in the analysis of the amino acid sequences. In the phylogenetic tree, the isolates clustered with the reference strains and the majority of strains originated from pig, dog, wood rat and cattle.

레티노인산이 배양 각질형성세포의 사이토카인 생성에 미치는 영향

김지윤,정승용,오성민,김수찬 大韓皮膚硏究學會 2003 大韓皮膚硏究學會誌 Vol.10 No.4