老人 低血壓에 對한 文獻的 考察

郭益勳,김종대,鄭智天 동국대학교 한의학연구소 1995 東國韓醫學硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

This study was perfomed to investigate causes of the senile hypotension, pathogenic mechanism, symptoms, and therapies through medical literatures, recent chinese medical literatures and chinese medical journals. The results are as follows ; 1. The senile hypotension has major symptoms dizziness, weakness, syncope, palpitation, shortness of breath, and deficiency of Qi. Additionally, it has minor symtoms of letharhy, isomnia, tinnitus, amnesia etc... 2. The prodromal symptoms of Kwul and Kwul are relating to the symptoms of tachycardia, facial pallor, sweating, anxietas, ambiguous consciousness, and fainting. Weakness and dizziness due to deficiency make the symptoms of exhaustion, fatigue, vertigo, lethargy, and brachycardia. 3. The most principal cause of the senile hypotension is deficiency of Shen due to aging, congenital deficiency, and chronic illness. The rest of causes are deficiency of Qi and blood, phlegm of retention, stagnation of Qi, blood stasis, blood prostration etc..In the view of the occidental medicine, the causes of the senile hypotension came from the reduction of cardiac output, the decretion of cardiovascular syatem's extention due to aging, hereditary factor, secondary factor due to exsanguination, diabetes mellitus, C.V.A. etc‥, and factor of neurogenic system's degeneration. 4. The principal pathogenic mechanisms are the insufficiency of Xing-Yang the deficiency of Qi in middle jiao, and deficiency of Shen-Oi. The rest of mechanisms are the deficiency of both Qi and blood, stagnation of the Gan-Qi, and the deficiency of Gan and Shen. Zang-Fu Organs have something to do with Xing, Bi, and Shen. 5. As principal therapies, there are warming and recuperation the Xing-Yang, strengthing the middle-jiao and replenishing Qi, replenishing vital essence to tonify the Shen, and warming and recuperation the Shen-Yang. Additionally, the therapies of invigorating the Qi and relieving menta1 stress, strengthning the Bi and tonifing the Shen, invigorating Qi and nourishing Yin, soothing the Gan and regulating the circulation of Qi, and tonifing the Shen and nourishingthe San help the cure of the senile hypotension. In prescriptions there are Baohe Yuan Tang, Buzhong Yigi Tang, Zuoguei Yin, Yougui Yin, Guipi Tang, Zhu Fu Tang, Shengmai San, Sini San, and Qi ju Dihuang Wan. The medical herbs of Astragali Radix, Codonopsitis Pilosulae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Aconiti Tuber, Ephedrae Herba, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamomi Corfex Spissus, Zingiberia Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Liriopis Tub er, Polygonati Sibirici Rhizoma, Lycii Fructus, Schigandrae Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix can be treated. 6. According to the clinical report, the principal causes are the deficiency of Qi, and insufficiency of Yang which symptoms are dizziness, vitality fatigue and acratia, amnesia, body cold and alger of 'extremity, spontaneous perspiration, and therapy and weak pulse. It was improved by taking WenYang YiQi Tang, Zhu Fu Tang about 20-30 days. The improvement was shown on disappearance of subjective symptoms or the ascending of blood pressure to normal figure, and the rate of improvement was over 70% . 7. As regimens, taking warming and recuperating food(a sheep mutton, juglans regia, chiness date, longan aril ete‥) and pungent food(chinese green onion, fress ginger, pipers fructns etc‥), doing physical training, not being ill in bed at a long time, and preventing descent of blood pressure coming from sudden change of posture are needed. Additionally, the usage of diuretic, abirritant, and depressor needs to be extra cautious.

淸肝散이 急性 Ethanol 中毒에 흰쥐의 肝損傷에 미치는 影響

곽익훈,김종대,정지천,신억섭 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

Chunggansan(淸肝散) was tested for the effects on detoxication mechanism of alcohol. Chunggansan was treated firstly into samples, and then ethanol intoxicated animal models were set with them. In vitro, the level of lipid peroxide in tissue of liver proportionally decreased with the level of concentration of extract prepared from Chunggansan. In vivo, after the extract was administered to the animal model for seven days, the level of lipid peroxide in liver dependently decreased in proportion of concentration. The glutathione percentage purposely induced acute ethanol intoxicated samples, followed by Chunggansan pre-medicating administration, increased in compare with the group treated with only ethanol. Also, the enzyme activities of ALT, AST, and r-GTP in liver decreased.

분류나무와 결측치

곽영훈,김지현 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 2001 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

There are many statistical method for classification or discriminant analysis. The classification tree is one of them. There are several algorithms for classification tree. In this paper a comparison study is done of the performance of those algorithms for classification tree when we have missing values in predictors at hand. With the misclassification error rate as a performance measure, different algorithms are compared for different patterns of missing values.

ZnO:AI 과 ITO 투명전도막을 이용한 플랙시블 DSCs의 변환효율 특성

정기영,김지훈,성열문,곽동주,추영배 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2010 공학기술연구지 Vol.16 No.-

In order to investigate the possible application of ZnO films as a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode for film-typed dye sensitized solar cell(F-DSC), ZnO:Al films were prepared by RF magnetron sputtering method. The effects of gas pressure on the structural and electrical properties of ZnO films were mainly studied experimentally. F-DSC using either a ZnO:Al or indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode were also fabricated separately under the same manufacturing conditions. The electro-optical conversion efficiency and fill factor of the F-DSCs using both ZnO:Al and ITO transparent conducting electrodes were measured and compared with each other. ZnO:Al films showed the minimum resistivity of 2.6 x10^(-3)Ω-cm and a transmittance of 91.7% under the experimental conditions of doping concentration of 2 wt% of Al₂0₃ and gas pressure of 5mTorr. ITO films fabricated at 5mTorr of gas pressure also showed the minimum resistivity of 1.5x10^(-3)Ω-cm and transmittance of 92.1%. Although the electrical resistivity of ZnO:Al is higher than that of ITO, the conversion efficiency of F-DSC using ZnO:Al was comparable with that of F-DSC using ITO. The conversion efficiency of F-DSCs using ZnO:Al and ITO electrodes are about 2.8% and 2.9%, respectively.

AZO 투명전도막의 전기 광학적 특성에 미치는 PET 기판 표면처리 효과

박병욱,김지훈,성열문,추영배,곽동주 경성대학교 공학기술연구소 2008 공학기술연구지 Vol.15 No.-

In this paper aluminium-doped zinc oxide(ZnO:Al) conducting layer was deposited on polyethylene terephthalate(PET) substrate by r. f. magnetron sputtering method PET substrate was modified by a DBD(dielectric barrier discharge) plasma before sputtering to improve the electric and optical properties of ZnO:Al film and to increase also the deposition rate The effect of heat treatment time on the dectrical, optical, chemical and structural properties of ZnO:Al thin film were investigated experimentally The PET films modified with the DBD plasma showed a significant decrease in water contact angle The deposition rate of ZnO:Al film in the case of the plasma-treated substrate was also increased by around 2 times compared to the untreated substrate The minimum resistivity of about 28×10-3 Ω-cm and transmittance of about 83.3% were obtained under the experimental condition of 6min of heat treatment time.

Trend analysis of air pollutants through national background concentration

Se Hoon Kwak(Se Hoon Kwak),Ji-Hoon Kim(Ji-Hoon Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2021 No.2

Analysis of Air Pollutant Concentration Changes and Trends: Measuring Station in Hangang daero, Yongsan-gu, Seoul

Se Hoon Kwak(Se Hoon Kwak),Ji-Hoon Kim(Ji-Hoon Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2021 No.2

Risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection from the use of inhaled corticosteroid in obstructive lung disease

( Ji-hoon Kim ),( So-jin Kwak ),( Sae Byol Kim ),( Beomsu Shin ),( Seok Jeong Lee ),( Myoung Kyu Lee ),( Sang-ha Kim ),( Won-yeon Lee ),( Suk Joong Yong ),( Ji-ho Lee ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2019 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.127 No.-

Purpose: While inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is an effective drug for the treatment of obstructive lung disease (OLD), there has been a concern for the occurrence of side effect, such as pneumonia. However, it was not fully investigated whether use of ICS is associated with the development of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) lung disease. This study aimed to find the association between the ICS and NTM disease in OLD. Method: We performed a population based case-control study using Korean National Health Insurance database. Among population taken national health checkups at least 2 times during 2009 to 2012, those with new diagnosis of OLD and treated with respiratory medicine during 2009 to 2012 were regarded as having OLD. They consisted of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). NTM was defined as new diagnosis of NTM plus at least 2 times of medication prescribed for NTM during 2013 to 2017. Result Total patients with OLD were 91,066 (asthma 35.5%, COPD 57.3% and ACO 7.2%, respectively). Among them, ICS user were 21,828 (24.0%) and non-ICS user were 69,238 (76.0%). NTM case were identified in 219 patients. Risk of NTM decreased with the presence of asthma (Odds ratio 0.34, 95% CI 0.24-0.49), but increased with the presence of COPD (1.85, 1.38-2.48), ACO (1.91, 1.28-2.84), bronchiectasis (8.39, 6.24-11.27) and prior tuberculosis history (15.95, 11.69-21.76). In all patients with OLD, NTM increased in ICS user compared to non-ICS user (2.15, 1.37-3.35). While ICS did not increase the risk of NTM in asthma (1.60, 0.59-4.35) and ACO (1.24, 0.34-4.50), ICS was significantly associated with the development of NTM in COPD (3.86, 2.21-6.76). Conclusion: ICS use is associated with the development of NTM disease. When ICS is prescribed for patients with COPD in particular, the risk of NTM should be considered with caution.

Inhibitory effects of baicalin in the early stage of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiation by down-regulation of PDK1/Akt phosphorylation

Kwak, Dong Hoon,Lee, Ji-Hye,Song, Kwang Hoon,Ma, Jin Yeul Springer-Verlag 2014 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY - Vol.385 No.1

Differential expression patterns of gangliosides in the ischemic cerebral cortex produced by middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Kwak, Dong Hoon,Kim, Sung Min,Lee, Dea Hoon,Kim, Ji Su,Kim, Sun Mi,Lee, Seo Ul,Jung, Kyu Yong,Seo, Byoung Boo,Choo, Young Kug Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.20 No.3

<P>Neuronal damage subsequent to transient cerebral ischemia is a multifactorial process involving several overlapping mechanisms. Gangliosides, sialic acid-conjugated glycosphingolipids, reduce the severity of acute brain damage in vitro. However their in vivo effects on the cerebral cortex damaged by ischemic infarct are unknown. To assess the possible protective role of gangliosides we examined their expression in the cerebral cortex damaged by ischemic infarct in the rat. Ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, and the resulting damage was observed by staining with 2, 3, 5-triphenylterazolium chloride (TTC). High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) showed that gangliosides GM3 and GM1 increased in the damaged cerebral cortex, and immunofluorescence microscopy also revealed a significant change in expression of GM1. In addition, in situ hybridization demonstrated an increase in the mRNA for ganglioside GM3 synthase. These results suggest that gangliosides GM1 and GM3 may be synthesized in vivo to protect the cerebral cortex from ischemic damage.</P>