한국사상(韓國思想)(문학(文學)) : 병와(甁窩) 이형상(李衡祥)의 한시 연구 -『대학』을 주제로 한 시를 중심으로-

박정희 ( Jeong He Park ) 한국사상문화학회 2009 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.48 No.-

병와는 「병와강의(甁窩講義)」의 <사서훈몽서(四書訓蒙序)>에서, `인간이 타고난 기질의 품성은 청탁(淸濁)이 없을 수 없기 때문에 어리석게 행동하고 문예(文藝)의 말단에서 매우 황폐한 데 이를 수밖에 없다.`고 했다. 이러한 잘못을 회복할 수 있는 방법은 오직 학문뿐인데, 그는 『대학』을 학문의 시작으로 보았다 그가 생각했던 『대학』공부의 가장 중요한 것은 `본성 회복`에 있었다. 기품(氣稟)에 얽매이고 물욕에 가려져서 밝은 것이 어두워지고 본래의 것을 잃게 되면 `명지(明之)`의 공부로 회복해야 한다는 것이다. 그리고 그는 `격물치지`를 『대학』의 기초 공부라고 인식하고 평생토록 힘을 쏟았다. 당시 일부 학자들의 『대학』 해석에 관한 논란에 대해, 병와는 `정자와 주자의 견해는 관점이 다를 뿐이다.`라 하면서, 경문(經文)의 뜻을 분명하게 밝힐 수 있는 의견이라면 비록 관점의 차이가 있더라도 그것을 받아들였다. 실제로 `격치(格致)`장의 경우, 회재는 정자의 뜻을 받아들여 `청송(聽訟)` 한 절을 경문 아래로 옮기고 `전4장`으로 삼았다. 그러나 병와는 `청송장`은 그대로 두고 `물유`와 `지지`절을 주자의 `보망장` 앞에 붙여서 `전5장`으로 삼았다. 그는 자식들에게 주는 글에서, `구차한 선비의 왜곡된 학문으로 경서의 내용을 스스로 써 넣거나 지우는 권도를 행사해서는 안 된다. 자신의 얕은 지혜를 조금 펴서 경(經)을 훼손하고 성(聖)을 모독하는 것은 안타까운 일이다. 이점 학자라면 마땅히 먼저 알아야 할 일이다.`라 하였다. 이처럼 그는 당시 경서에 대한 논란에 흔들리지 않고, 충실한 성리하자로서의 생활을 해 나갔으며 객관적 태도로 강학에 임하고자 했다. Byeong-wa`s thought about `Daehak` is well shown in the preface of "Saseo-hunmong" in "The Lecture of Byeong-wa". He said that there are good and bad characters in the natural characters of human beings, accordingly, they act stupidly and get reached to desertion In the fields of literature. The only way to recover these wrong mistakes is study, and then he thought 『Dae-hak』 is the beginning of study. He thought that the most important thing in the study 『Dae-hak』 is the recovery of one`s nature. If we are tied to external disposition-sticked to external forms-and surrounded by adesire for material gain, therefore, light ones changed to be dark ones and we lose the original things, we should recover through studying `Myeongji`. Kyung-hak of non-Confucianism began to be appeared In the 17th century in which Byeong-wa lived, which is differed from the 16th century that could not escape from categories of Confucian Interpret of 『Dae-hak』 The study of Simsung-suyang Theory (Mind Cultivation Theory) which was appeared in the interpretation of 『Dae-hak』 by Ju-ja and Ju-ja Schools formed the main stream in the period. Concerning that, Byeong-wa said, "Jeong-ja feared losing the true meaning of the Confucian Bibles and Ju-ja concerned about exerting bad effects for the future scholars. Therefore, the two opinions are only different fromthe view point. In fact, if an opinion is the one in which the meaning of Confucian scripture clarified clearly, he accepted the opinion even though there are discrepancies in the view point. In the case of `Gyeokchi` chapter, Hoejae accepted the thought and meaning of Jeong-ja. He regarded a section of `Cheongsong` as `Cheon Chapter 4` through positioning a section of `Cheongsong` under Confucian scripture However, Byeong-wa left a chapter of `Cheongsong` as original, regarded sections of `Mul-yu` and `Ji-ji` as `Cheon Chapter 5` by putting sections of `Mul-yu` and `Ji-ji` before `Bomang-jang` of Ju-ja (Zhu-xi) At the time, he was not shaken by the debate about the Confucian classics and he lived as a faithful confucianist. He also maintained an objective attitude in the lecture of Confucianism.

나비目 終齡幼蟲의 血球에 關한 電顯的 硏究

梁凞永,李鳳熙,鄭啓憲 순천향의과대학 1979 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.1

Morphological studies on larval hemocytes of varioius insects were performed in two ways of research. Ⅰ. Finestructures. An electron microscopical study on hemocytes of last instar larvae of 12 species of Lepidoptera was performed to observe cell types, structrues, raions, relationships and their origins. The results are as follows; 1) Prohemocytes are the smallest round cells with large numlesus, poorly developed cytoplasmic organelles and lower composition ratio, accounting for less than 5% of all cell types. Little remarked differences were revealed among prohemocytes of varous insects and they are thought to be the origins of other cell types. 2) Palsmatocytes are relatively large cells with higher composition ration, accounting for about 40%. They could be subdivided into two forms, oval and spindle. Oval cells are rich in cytoplasmic projections and organelles. But the spindle cells include few of them, while nearly all of the spindle cells possess some microtubules as their cytoskeletons. Some marked difference were revealed among different insects. The most exceptional structure was the fibrous bundles located in both nucleus and cytoplasm in Sericinus telamon Donovan. 3) Granular cells are characterized by various granules in cytoplasm, and by higher composition ration, accounting for about 50% of all numbers. They could be subdivided into three forms, oval, round and spindle with fully developed cytoplasmic organelles and Projections. Cellular fractions were often noticed to be enclosed by granular cells, indicating some activities of phagocytosis. Granular cells are the most pleomo rphous of all cell types, and the most exceptional structures are the bundles of microfibrils in Phalerodonta manleyi Leech. 4) Adipohemocyte were found only in Plodia interpunctella Hubner. They are somewhat oval with few cytoplamic projections and less developed organelles. Some granular cells were found to accumulate lipid droplets into the cytoplasm by trapping floating lipid droplets, adn the adipohemocytes are believed to be originated from formers. 5) Sperule cells were found nearly in all specimens and characterized by sperules composed of flocculent materials. They are round or oval with few cytoplasmic organelles. The most conspicuous spherulesof all sperule cells were radial arrangement of sperules in Adristyrannus amurensis Staudinger and presence of the specific granules in Mamestra illoba Butler. Young sperule cells resembled the granular cells and it is possible that they originate from granular cells. 6) Oenocytoids are large cells and were found nearly in all specimens. They could be subdivided into 3 types according to their inclusions, such as microfibrils, microtubules and none of them. Young Oenocytoids resemble the giant plasmatocytes, perhaps in dicating to be originated from the latters. Ⅱ. Composition ratios of cell types from mid 5-instar to late prepupa. Composition ratios of cell types were investigated in phalerodonta manley; Leech and could be summarized as follows; 1) Prohemocytes disappeared from the stage of early prepupa. 2) Plasmatocytes increased in number at mid stages of each inster and decreased nearing to pupal stage. 3) Granular cells reached peak at early prepupal stage. 4) Adipohemocytes heavily increased at late prepupal stage. 5) Sperule cells increased at late stage of each instar and reached peak at late prepupal stage. 6) Oenocytoids increased at late stage of each instar and reached peak at early prepupal stage.

흰쥐 악하선 세포에서 gap junction 봉쇄제인 octanol이 타액분비 및 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 조절에 미치는 영향

이승일,서정택,이종갑,이주석,손흥규 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.2

세포내 유리칼슘(free calcium. Ca²+)은 세균에서 고등동물에 이르기까지 거의 모든 세포에서 세포 고유작용을 조절하는 중요한 세포내 신호전달체계(signal transduction system)의 매개체이다. 타액선 세포에서 부교감 신경 자극으로 타액분비가 증가될 때에도 세포내 Ca²+ 농도 증가가 가장 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 췌장(pancreas)의 경우 세포내 Ca²+ 이외에도 인접세포를 전기적, 화학적으로 연결해주는 gap junction이 외분비 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능설이 제시되었다. 타액선 세포에서도 세포막에 고농도의 gap junction이 존재하고 있으며, gap junction을 통해 인접세포들이 전기적, 화학적으로 연계되어 있어 gap junction이 타액선 세포의 기능을 직접적으로 조절할 가능성을 내포하고 있다. 따라서 gap junction이 타액선의 타액분비 작용에도 중요한 역할을 하며 이러한 작용이 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 조절하여 이루어질 것이라는 가정하에 이를 확인하는 실험을 시행하였다. 흰쥐 악하선에서 유리되는 타액양을 측정하기 위해서 악하선으로 혈액을 공급하는 동맥에 가는 관을 삽입하여 생리 식염수를 관류하면서 타액선관을 통해 타액을 채취하였다. 세포내Ca²+ 농도는 분리한 악하선 acini 내에Ca²+ 농도 변화에 민감하게 반응하는 형광물질인 fura-2를 축적시키고 형광 분석기를 사용하여 형광강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. CCh 투여로 타액 분비가 증가하였을 때 gap junction을 봉쇄하는 약물인 octanol(1 mM)을 투여하면 타액분비가 봉쇄되었으며 이는 가역적 반응이었다. 2. CCh 투여로 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 증가하였을 때 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+농 도가 CCh 투여전의 상태로 감소되었다. 3. Octanol은 CCh에 의하여 유발된 초기Ca²+ 증가를 억제하지는 못한 반면에 후기 vvvvv 농도를 감소시켰다. 4. 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 열어주는 약물인 thapsigarain(1μM)을 투여하여 세포내Ca²+ 농도를 증가시킨 후 1mM octanol을 투여하면 세포내 Ca²+ 농도가 thapsigarain 투여 전의 상태로 감소하였다. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ)의 투여로 세포막을 통한 Ca²+농도의 주기적 변동인Ca²+ 의 oscillation이 유발되었는데, 이때 1mM octanol을 투여한 경우에 Ca²+ 농도의 oscillation이 정지하여 역시 gap juncion을 봉쇄하면 TBQ에 의해서 유발된 세포내 Ca²+ 농도의 주기적 변동이 사라지고 Ca²+ 농도의 감소가 나타남을 확인하였다. 6. Gap junction을 봉쇄하는 또 다른 약물인 glycyrrhetinic acid(100μM)도 CCh 자극으로 인한 타액분비를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 gap junction은 흰쥐 악하선 세포로부터의 타액분비 조절에 중요한 역할을 하는 이는 gap junction이 세포막 Ca²+ 통로를 조절함으로써 수용체 자극으로 유발된 세포내 농도 변화에 영향을 미친 결과인 것으로 추측된다. From bacteria to mammalian cells, one of the most important mediators of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms which regulate a variety of intracellular processes is free calcium. In salivary acinar cells, elevation of intracellular calcium concentration ( 〔Ca²+〕 ) is essential for the salivary secretion induced by parasympathetic stimulation. However, in addition to〔Ca²+〕, gap junctions which couple individual cells electrically and chemically have also been reported to regulate enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Since the plasma membrane of salivary acinar cells has a high density of gap junctions, and these cells are electrically and chemically coupled with each other, gap junctions may modulate the secretory function of salivary glands. In this reapect, I planned to investigate the role of gap junctions in the modulation of salivary secretion and 〔Ca²+〕 using mandibular salivary glands of rats. In order to measure the salivary flow rate, fluid was collected from the cannulated duct of the isolated perfused rat mandibular glands at 2 min intervals.〔Ca²+〕 was measured form the cells loaded with fura-2 by spectrofluorometry. The results obtained were as follows : 1. CCh-induced salivary secretion was reversibly inhibited by 1 mM octanol, a gap junction blocker. 2. CCh-induced increase in 〔Ca²+ 〕was also reversed by the applocation of 1 mM octanol. 3. Octanol did not block the initial increase in 〔Ca²+〕 caused by CCh, which suggested that the reduction of〔Ca²+〕 caused by gap junction blockade was not resulted from the inhibition of Ca²+ release from intracellular Ca²+ stores. 4. Addition of octanol during stimulation with 1μM thapsigargin, a potent microsomal ATPase inhibitor, reduced 〔Ca²+ 〕to the basal level. This suggested that inhibition of gap junction permeability closed plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 5. 2,5-di-tert-butyl-1, 4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) generated 〔Ca²+ 〕oscillations resulting from periodic influx of Ca²+ via plasma membrane. The TBQ-induced〔Ca²+ 〕 oscillations were stopped by the application of 1mM octanol which implicated that gap junctions modulate the permeability of plasma membrane Ca²+ channels. 6. Glycyrrhetinic acid, another well known gap junction blocker, also inhibited CCh-induced salivary secretion from rat mandibular glands. These results suggested that gap junctions play an important role in the modulation of fluid secretion from the fat mandibular glands and this was probably due to the inhibition ofCa²+ influx through the plasma membrane Ca²+ channels.

4-Aminosalicylic acid 유도체의 합성연구 : 2-Ethoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide 및 2-Methoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide의 합성 Synthesis of 2-Ethoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide, 2-Methoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide

이남순,임중기,류병태,류서홍,원정희 成均館大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.27 No.-

2-Alkoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide was synthesized by reaction of hydrogen sulfide with 2-alkoxy-4-acetamidobenzonitrile which was dehydrated from 2-alkoxy-4-acetamidobenzamide by thionyl chloride or phosphorus pentoxide. 2-Alkoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide was obtained by hydrolysis of 2-Alkoxy-4-acetamidobenzthioamide with 10% hydrochloric acid solution.

Rocuronium의 애별투여방법이 모지내전근의 이완에 미치는 영향

최영균,김승수,이원진,조광래,이상은,김영환,임세훈,이정한,이근무,정순호,김영재,신치만 인제대학교 2009 仁濟醫學 Vol.30 No.-

Objective : There are controversies in pnmmg technique of rocuronium whether it can or can't shorten the onset time. We want to compare the effects of two different priming doses and intervals of rocuronium. Materials and Methods : After giving propofol, 50 patients were randomly assigned to 5 groups. Group I received a placebo, followed 3 min later by rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg. Priming doses and intervals of Group II, Ill, N, V were 0.06 rng/kg and 2 min, 0.12 mg/kg and 2 min, 0.06 rug/kg and 3 min, 0.12 mg/kg and 3 min, respectively. Total dose of rocuronium was 0.6mg/kg. Train of four (TOF) count or ratio and 1st twitch height of TOF (T1) were monitored with 15 secondsintervals. TOF ratio of each groups just before bolus injection, duration for TOF count to reach zero and duration for Tl to reach 95% depression after bolus injection were compared. Results : Duration for TOF count to reach zero and duration for Tl to reach 95% depression after bolus injection were decreased in priming groups compared to Group 1 (P < 0.01) In group V, significant depression of TOF ratio just before bolus injection was seen (P < 0.05). Conclusion : Priming technique with rocuronium is effective method to shorten the onset of neuromuscular block. But priming dose of rocuronium itself could cause hypoxia and aspiration in awake patients and should be used carefully. Priming dose of rocuronium 0.06 mg/kg and 2 minutes interval maybe relatively safe method.

낙엽성 참나무의 엽 및 모용 (毛茸) 형태의 수령에 따른 변이

이정호(Jeong He Lee),교힐준인(Hayato Hashizume),권기원(Ki Won Kwon) 한국산림과학회 1999 한국산림과학회지 Vol.88 No.1

Morphological variations in leaves and leaf trichomes according to tree age were investigated for the identification of Quercus taxa at the different stages of development. The sizes of leaves from one-year-old seedlings of Q. serrata, Q. dentata, and Q. aliena were the smallest and increased with tree age. Blade length, blade width, petiole length, number of serration, and serration depth war also varied with tree age. Therefore, the examined taxa by the size and form of leaves were hardly identified at juvenile stages. The type, structure, and density of leaf trichomes of each species varied remarkably along with tree age. Three types of trichomes such as small stellate hairs, large stellate hairs, and long single hairs were observed on the abaxial side of leaves of Quercus taxa. In matured trees of Q. serrata both small stellate and long single hairs on leaves were observed. On the other hand large stellate hairs were found in leaves of Q. dentata. There were small stellate hairs in Q. aliens. In Q. mongolica var. crispula, no hair or small stellate hairs were occasionally found. It is possible to identify Q. serrata and Q. dentata by the characteristics of trichome even at two to three year old seedlings, while, it is difficult to tell Q. aliens and Q. mongolica var. crispula of seedlings from other taxa only by those of trichome.

전기차 리튬이온 배터리의 에이징 공법을 위한 배터리 온도 모니터링 및 시뮬레이션 시스템 개발

정해민(He-min Jeong),홍성웅(Seong-Wung Hong) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2022 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2

인체학과 컬러 세라피 : 인간의 다양한 신체와 색채심리치료

박정희(Jeong He Park) 한국무용과학회 2001 한국무용과학회지 Vol.3 No.-

인간의 정묘신체와 색채치료는 인간 본질의 생체에너지가 인체에 어떻게 연계되어 있으며, 신체의 지각과 내면의 정신, 내재된 감성과 무의식의 다양한 표출 등 인체탐구를 심리학과 인체의 정묘해부학을 통하여 자신의 모습을 인식하고 성찰해 가는 작업이다. 색채는 우주의 치료방법이다. 색채치료는 우주에 존재하는 모든 에너지를 이용하여, 인간의 정신, 심리, 감정, 신체의 차원에서 작용하며 질병뿐만이 아니라 인간에게 필요한 모든 것을 제공하며 치유한다. 모든 색깔에는 고유의 진동과 주파수가 있다. 아름다운 바이올린 선율이 우리의 마음을 기쁘게 하거나 우울하게 하듯이 색채 또한 우리의 감성을 좌우한다. 빛은 흰색으로 보이지만 스펙트럼을 통과시키면 7개의 색으로 나누어진다. 이러한 각각의 색채는 우리의 감성과 에너지를 좌우하는 우리 몸의 중심점인 7개의 차크라에 영향을 준다. 이러한 특성을 이용 우리 각자의 신체와 상황에 맞는 적절한 색을 선정하여 자신의 인체에 부족한 여러 가지 현상에 맞는 색을 보충함으로써 더욱 성숙된 감성의 표현뿐 아니라 의욕적이고 건강한 생활을 영위하게 된다. 지금 이 시대에 나는 누구인가? 나의 육체는 어떠한 감성에 의해 어떻게 반응되어 지는가? 이러한 자아성찰의 한 부분에 색채치료요법을 도입하여, 몸을 움직여 표출하고 발현되어지는 정서는 자신의 어디로부터 비롯되어지는가를 인식함으로서, 심리적인 치료에 관한 새로운 관점을 무용에 제시하고자 하는데 이 연구의 목적이 있다. The subtle body of human beings and colour therapy is a work of process to figure out themselves through the psychological theoies and the subtle anatomy of human beings, recognition of human, internal spirit, expression of internal emotion in various manifestation of the unconsciousness. Colour is a holistic treatment, using unversal energy working with a person on the spiritual, mental, emotional and physical levels. it treats the whole person, not just the disease, because of this, it can help all who choose to be treated by it every colour has its own vibration and frequency. colour controls our emotion, like a beautiful melody of violin attribute to make people happy and blue. Even though light looks a colour of white, it can be divided 7 colours passing by a spectrum. These colours make an effect to 7 chakra which is a center point of human body and can control emotion and energy of us. It is the essence of colour therapy to show more various and ripe emotion, and manage a dynamic and healthy life by selection of colour to be modified physical and related situation, and to fill up insufficient things for the human body. There is a goal of this research to dance a new point of view of psychological thrapy, by using theories of colour therapy, focus on Who I am in this present? How can my physical body be reacted by which emotion? and where does come from mind which can be present by expression of human body in where else of human body?

Somatic Embryogenesis from Various Parts of Muscari comosum var. plumosum

Xudong He,Ko Jeong-Ae,Choi Jeong-Ran,Kim Hyung-Moo,Kim Myung-Jun,Choi So-Ra,Kim Young-Gon,Kim Dong-Hee,Kim Hyun-Soon 한국자원식물학회 2006 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.19 No.3

In vitro high-frequency plant regeneration of Muscari comosum var. plumosum through somatic embryogenesis was obtained via two developmental pathways: direct embryos and multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic callus. Flower bud with pedicel, receptacle, petal and ovary wall, floral stalk and leaf as explants were cultured in MS medium supplemented with various plant growth regulators. Embryos formed directly from pedicel, receptacle and floral stalk. Depending on explant sources, the optimal medium was MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/L IBA and 0.3 mg/L BA, 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA, and MS-free medium for pedicel, receptacle, and floral stalk, respectively. Multiple shoots regenerated from embryogenic cal]i which was initiated from petal, ovary and leaf were observed in MS medium with different concentrations and combinations of hormone. The most suitable medium for each type of explant was 3.0 mg/L IBA and 3.0 mg/L BA(petal and ovary) and 5.0 mg/L IBA and 5.0 mg/L BA (leaf) Furthermore, the combination of 0.1 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BA was also good for all sources of explants not only for direct embryo formation, but also, for embryogenic callus induction.

Effective in Vitro Propagation by Bulb Scale Segments Culture of Muscari comosum var. plumosum

Ko Jeong-Ae,Choi Jeong-Ran,Xudong He,Kim Hyun-Soon The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2006 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.19 No.3

A rapid and mass propagation method for multiple shoots and plant regeneration using bulb scales of Muscari comosum var. plumosum were developed. In vitro different parts of bulb scale as explants were cultured on 11 kinds of MS (1962) media supplemented with various plant growth regulators to induce shoot and callus. A combination of 2.0 mg/L 6-BA and 2.0 mg/L IBA on MS medium was the most favorable and induced the highest production (80%) of shoot formation after 30 days. We also found that the middle part of bulb scale was the best for mass propagation of Muscari comosum var. plumosum of which production could reach 64.4%.