서해산 돌가자미 Kareius bicoloratus의 초기발생시 수온과 염분의 영향

전제천,김치홍,정의영,이창훈,김병균 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.3

본 연구는 돌 가자미(Kareius bicoloratus)의 난발생에 미치는 수온과 염분의 영향을 알아보지 위하여 수행되었다. 5단계의 수온 조건 (7, 10, 13, 16 및 19℃) 및 5단계의 염분 조건(25, 30, 35, 40psu 및 현장해수 염분 : 33.6psu)에서 수정란을 발생시켜 발생 속도와 부화율 측정하였다. 수정란의 발생속도는 수온이 높을수록 빨랐으며, 수온(T: ℃)과 각 발생 단계별 소요시간(h:hour) 사이의 관계를 직선 함수에 회귀시켰을 때 각 발생단계별 관계식은 다음과 같다. 8세포기 : 1/h = 0.01441T - 0.02728(r^(2) = 0.998) 낭배기 : 1/h = 0.00269T - 0.00319(r^(2) = 0.997) 안포형성기 : 1/h = 0.00171T - 0.00053(r^(2) = 0.998) 심장형성기 : 1/h = 0.00121T - 0.00018(r^(2) = 0.995) 부화기 : 1/h = 0.00101T - 0.00266)(r^(2) = 0.998) 이상의 관계식으로부터 추정된 돌 가자미의 난 발생이 개시되는 생물학적 영도는 1.3℃이었다. 8세포기, 낭배기, 안포형성기. 심장형성기 및 부화기까지의 적산수온은 각각 72.9, 356.7, 525.8, 735.2 및 1156.7℃로 계산되었다. 수온은 부화율에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.001). 부화율이 수온이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 7℃일 때 부화율이 62.0%로 가장 높았다. 수온이 16℃ 이상일 때 기형어의 출현율이 증가하였다(p<0.05). 염분 또는 부화율에 큰 영향을 미치고 있었다(p<0.001). 염분에 따른 부화율은 자연해수의 염분인 33.6psu에서 54.1%로 가장 높았고, 이보다 낮거나 높은 경우에는 부화율이 감소하였다. 특히, 염분이 30psu 미만으로 감소할 경우 기형어의 출현율 증가하였다(p<0.04). 돌 가자미의 난 발생 및 정상적인 부화를 위한 조건은 산란시기의 수온과 염분에 가까울수로고 좋은 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to determine the influences of water temperature and salinity on the embryonic development of the stone flounder, Kareius bicoloratus as a part of research on the artificial seedling production of the fish. Embryos were incubated under five different temperatures (7, 10, 13, 16 and 19℃) and five different salinities (25, 30, 35, 40 psu and the ambient salinity: 33.6 psu) until they hatched. The required times for embryonic development decreased with increase of water temperature. The relationships between the water temperature (T: ℃) and required times (h: hour) for the embryo to attain each develop-mental stage were obtained by linear regressions as follows; 8-cell stage : l/h = 0.01441T-0.02728 (r² = 0.998) 50%-epiboly stage : Uh = 0.00269T-0.00319 (r² = 0.997) Optic vesicle formation stage : l/h = 0.00171T-0.00053 (r² = 0.998) Heart formation stage : l/h = 0.00121T-0.00018 (r² = 0.995) Hatching stage : l/h = 0.00101T-0.00266 (r²= 0.998) From these equations, the biological minimum temperature for embryonic development of K. bicoloratus was estimated to be 1.3℃. Cumulative water temperatures to reach 8-cell stage, 50%-epiboly stage, optic vesicle formation stage, hearth formation stage, and hatching stage were 72.9, 356.7, 525.8, 735.2, and 1,156.7℃, respectively. Water temperature affected significantly the hatching rate (p< 0.001). The hatching rate decreased with increase of water temperature. The highest hatching rate was 62.0% at 7℃. When the water temperature was higher than 16℃, the proportion of abnormal larvae increased (p < 0.05). Salinity also affected significantly the hatching rate (p< 0.001). The highest hatching rate was 54.1% at the salinity (33.6 psu) of ambient seawater. When the salinity was lower than 30 psu, the proportion of abnormal larvae increased ip < 0.05).

한국 서해산 돌가자미, Kareius bicoloratus의 성 성숙

전제천,심두생,김용호,정의영 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.4

1998년 1월부터 12월까지 한국 서해안 충청남도 격렬비열도 해역에서 채집된 돌 가자미, Kareius bicoloratus를 대상으로 생식기구 연구를 위해 생식소중량지수(GSI), 비만도지수(CF), 간중량지수(HSI), 생식주기, 생식소 발달의 변화 등을 조직학적 방법에 의해 조사하였다. 생식소중량지수(GSI)의 월별변화는 암컷과 수컷에서 일장이 길고 고수온기인 7~8월을 지나 수온이 하강되고 일장 짧아지기 시작하는 9월부터 증가되기 시작하여 연중 일장이 가장 짧고 저수온기인 11~1월에 최대값을 보였다. 간중량지수(HSI)의 월별변화는 암컷에서 GSI의 증감의 변화에 유사하게 나타났다. 비만도는 성장기인 9월에 최대값을 나타내었고, 산란기에는 낮은 값을 보였다. 생식주기는 암컷의 경우, 성장전기(8월), 성장후기(8~10월), 성숙기(10~11월), 완숙 및 방란기(11~2월), 퇴화 및 휴지기(2월~7월)로 나눌 수 있었으며, 수컷의 경우는 성장기(8~10월), 성숙기(10~11월), 완숙 및 방정기(11~1월), 퇴화 및 휴지기(2~7월)로 구분할 수 있었다. 군성숙도 조사에서 5-% 이상 산란에 참여하는 크기는 암컷 전장 20~25㎝, 수컷 15.0~20.0㎝이었으며, 100%전 개체가 산란에 참여하는 크기는 암컷 30㎝ 이상, 수컷 20㎝ 이상으로 웅성선숙 현상이 나타났다. 암 ? 수 성비는 통계적으로 1 : 1이었으며, 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(ㅌ^(2) = 0.15, P>0.05). Gonadosomatic index (GSI), the hepatosomatic index (HSI), condition factor (CF), reproductive cycle, first sexual maturity, and sex ratio were investigated by histological study and morphometric data. Specimens of K. bicoloratus were collected from the coastal waters of Gyeongryelbiyeoldo, Chungnam Province, Korea, from January to December 1998. Monthly variation of the GSI in females and males began to increase between October and November when the ovary and testis were maturing, and their values reached the maximum between December and January, when spawning occurred during the winter season of shorter day length and low water temperature. Monthly variations of the HSI showed a negative correlation with those of the GSI. Condition factors in females and males were higher between October and November (mature stage), and their values sharply decreased after spawning. Monthly changes in condition factors closely correlated with the reproductive cycle. The reproductive cycle of this species can be divided into five successive stages: in females, early growing (August), late growing (August to October), mature (October to November), ripe and spent (December to January), and recovery and resting stages (February to July); in males it can be classified into four successive stages: growing (August to October), mature (October to November), ripe and spent (November to January), and recovery and resting stages (February to July). Percentages of first sexual maturity in females and males were 50% at 20.0-25.0 ㎝ and 15.0-20.0 ㎝, respectively, and 100% at over 30.0 ㎝ and over 20.0 ㎝, respectively. The sex ratios of individuals were not statistically different from 1 : 1 (χ² = 1.64, p > 0.05).

허혈 조건부여가 심근기능의 회복에 미치는 영향 : 적출 심장모델을 이용한 실험연구 Isolated heart experimental study

백광제,김준식,한승백,전영진,이인성 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: Brief episode of coronary artery occlusion(i.e.,ischemic preconditioning) makes the heart more resistant to injury from a subsequent ischemic insult. Although a great deal of effort has been made in studying ischemic preconditioning, the underlying mechanism of ischemic preconditioning and its effect on hypothermic insult has not been elucidated. This study was performed to see whether ischemic preconditioning protects against the depression of cardiac contractility induced by hypothermic cardioplegic arrest/reperfusion. And recently, adenosine was known to have some correlation with the mechanism of preconditioning. If so, does this effect remain after the blockade of adenosine receptor by 8-phenyl theophyline? Method: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rat weighed 250-350g were used and divided into three groups. Rat hearts were removed rapidly, and each isolated heart paced with a rate of 180/min was perfused by modified Krebs-Hensleit buffer(KHB) solution on a Langendorff apparatus for an hour. After obtaining baseline data including left ventricular pressure(LVP), dp/dt, and coronary flow, cardiac arrest was induced by perfusion of 0℃ crystalloid cardioplegic(St Thomas) solution. After that, all hearts were stored in the same St Thomas solution at same temperature for 2 hours. In group Ⅰ(control group), the heart was reperfused by KHB solution. In group Ⅱ(preconditioning group), the heart was subjected to two 2-minute episode of global ischemia followed by 5 minute reperfusion with KHB solution(preconditioning) before cardiac arrest. In group Ⅲ(phenyl theophylline group), the heart was subjected to preconditioning procedure and 8-phenyl theophylline at 10μM in concentration was added to KHB solution at time of reperfusion. Observing parameter was obtained in each group at 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes after starting reperfusion and compared statistically by use of one way ANOVA test(STASTICA, release 4.5). p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Although depressed LVP, dp/dt, and coronary flow were seen in all groups during the reperfusion period, the preconditioned group showed more effective recovery of LVP than that of the control group, especially at 10, 20 and 40 minutes(p<.05). We failed to demonstrate the difference between the phenyl theophylline group and the control group(p=NS). Conclusion: These results suggest that ischemic preconditioning has protective effect on recovery state of hypothemic cardioplegic arrest/reperfusion. Its protective effect was limited during early reperfusion stage and was blocked by adenosine blocker.

흉부외상 없이 발생한 흉부대동맥 절단증의 조기 진단 : 2례 보고 Two Cases Report

한승백,전영진,백광제,김준식,김정택,김광호,선경 大韓應急醫學會 1998 대한응급의학회지 Vol.9 No.4

Aortic transection or interruption is a rare condition which developed after an acute deceleration injury. Its occurrence depends on the location and direction of the force applied and is usually from motor vehicle accident or falling down. The exact incidence of aortic transection in trauma is not known but, when develops, only about 10-15% of the victims can survive and be transported to the hospital. Even in the survivors, majority of them will be fatal within a few days if a prompt diagnosis and surgical treatments are not made. Aggressive diagnostic work-up is recommended for the patients with high suspicious index, which would salvage the victims with this fatal condition. We report the experience of two cases of aortic transection or interruption following motor vehicle accidents.

Ovarian Cycle, the Biological Minimum Size and Artificial Spawning Frequency in Female Meretrix petechialis (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in Western Korea

Jun Je-Cheon,Kim Yong-Min,Chung Jae-Seung,Chung Ee-Yung,Lee Ki-Young 한국발생생물학회 2012 발생과 생식 Vol.16 No.3

The ovarian cycle, the biological minimum size, and artificial spawning frequency by artificial spawning induction of the female hard clam, Meretrix petechialis, were investigated by histological observations and morphometric data. The ovarian cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage, late active stage, ripe stage, partially spawned stage, and spent/inactive stage. The spawning period was from June to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds over . The biological minimum size (shell length at 50% of first sexual maturity) in females were 40.39 mm in shell length (considered to be two years of age), and all clams over 50.1 mm in shell length sexually matured. In this study, the mean number of the spawned eggs by spawning induction increased with the increase of size (shell length) classes. In case of artificial spawning induction for the clams > 40.39 mm, the number of spawned eggs from the clams of a sized class was gradually decreased with the increase of the number of the spawning frequencies (the first, second, and third spawning). In the experiments of artificial spawning induction during the spawning season, the interval of each spawning of this species was estimated to be 15-18 days (approximately 17 days).

Gametogenic cycle and size at first sexual maturity in female<i>Chlamys</i>(<i>Azumapecten</i>)<i>farreri farreri</i>(Jones & Preston, 1904) (Bivalvia: Pectinidae) in western Korea

Jun, Je-Cheon,Chung, Ee-Yung,Lee, Ki-Young,Lee, Chang-Hoon Informa UK (Taylor Francis) 2014 Invertebrate reproduction & development Vol.58 No.3

Ovarian Cycle, the Biological Minimum Size and Artificial Spawning Frequency in Female Meretrix petechialis (Bivalvia: Veneridae) in Western Korea

Je-Cheon Jun,Yong Min Kim,정재승,Ee-Yung Chung,이기영 한국발생생물학회 2012 발생과 생식 Vol.16 No.3

The ovarian cycle, the biological minimum size, and artificial spawning frequency by artificial spawning induction of the female hard clam, Meretrix petichialis, were investigated by histological observations and morphometric data. The ovarian cycle of this species can be classified into five successive stages: early active stage, late active stage,ripe stage, partially spawned stage, and spent/inactive stage. The spawning period was from June to September, and the main spawning occurred between July and August when the seawater temperature exceeds over 20℃. The biological minimum size (shell length at 50% of first sexual maturity) in females were 40.39 mm in shell length (considered to be two years of age), and all clams over 50.1 mm in shell length sexually matured. In this study, the mean number of the spawned eggs by spawning induction increased with the increase of size (shell length) classes. In case of artificial spawning induction for the clams > 40.39 mm, the number of spawned eggs from the clams of a sized class was gradually decreased with the increase of the number of the spawning frequencies (the first, second, and third spawning). In the experiments of artificial spawning induction during the spawning season, the interval of each spawning of this species was estimated to be 15-18 days (approximately 17 days).

Ultrastructural Studies on Oocyte Differentiation and Vitellogenesis in the Oocytes of Female Kareius bicoloratus in Western Korea

Jun, Je-Cheon,Gang, Hee Woong,Lee, Ki-Young The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2018 발생과 생식 Vol.22 No.3

Ultrastructural studies on oocyte differentiation and vitellogenesis in the oocytes of female Kareius bicoloratus were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The Golgi complex in the cytoplasm is involved in the formation of yolk vesicles that contain yolk carbohydrates in the yolk vesicle of oocytes in the early vitellogenic phase. In this phase, many pinocytotic vesicles (PVs), which are formed by pinocytosis, contain yolk precursors (exogenous substances). These substances are associated with exogenous heterosynthetic vitellogenesis. In yolked oocytes in the late vitellogenic phase, two morphologically different bodies, which formed by modified mitochondria, appear in oocytes. One is a multivesicular body (synthesized by autosynthetic vitellogenesis), and the other is a yolk precursor (an exogenous substance formed by heterosynthetic vitellogenesis). The multivesicular bodies (MVB) are taken into the yolk precursors (YP) and are transformed into primary yolk globules. However, after the YP mix with exogenous PVs near the zona pellucida, they are transformed into primary yolk globules. Vitellogenesis of this species occurs via endogenous autosynthesis and exogenous heterogenesis. Vitellogenesis occurs through endogenous autosynthesis, which involves the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria and MVB formed by modified mitochondria. However, heterosynthesis involves pinocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors (such as vitellogenin in the liver) into the zona pellucida (via granulosa cells and thecal cells) of the yolked oocyte.

Ultrastructural Studies on Oocyte Differentiation and Vitellogenesis in the Oocytes of Female Kareius bicoloratus in Western Korea

Je-Cheon Jun,Hee Woong Gang,Ki-Young Lee 한국발생생물학회 2018 발생과 생식 Vol.22 No.3

Ultrastructural studies on oocyte differentiation and vitellogenesis in the oocytes of female Kareius bicoloratus were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The Golgi complex in the cytoplasm is involved in the formation of yolk vesicles that contain yolk carbohydrates in the yolk vesicle of oocytes in the early vitellogenic phase. In this phase, many pinocytotic vesicles (PVs), which are formed by pinocytosis, contain yolk precursors (exogenous substances). These substances are associated with exogenous heterosynthetic vitellogenesis. In yolked oocytes in the late vitellogenic phase, two morphologically different bodies, which formed by modified mitochondria, appear in oocytes. One is a multivesicular body (synthesized by autosynthetic vitellogenesis), and the other is a yolk precursor (an exogenous substance formed by heterosynthetic vitellogenesis). The multivesicular bodies (MVB) are taken into the yolk precursors (YP) and are transformed into primary yolk globules. However, after the YP mix with exogenous PVs near the zona pellucida, they are transformed into primary yolk globules. Vitellogenesis of this species occurs via endogenous autosynthesis and exogenous heterogenesis. Vitellogenesis occurs through endogenous autosynthesis, which involves the combined activity of the Golgi complex, mitochondria and MVB formed by modified mitochondria. However, heterosynthesis involves pinocytotic incorporation of extraovarian precursors (such as vitellogenin in the liver) into the zona pellucida (via granulosa cells and thecal cells) of the yolked oocyte.

Morphology and Taxonomic Values of the Sperm in Male Chlamys (Swiftopecten) swiftii (Pteriomorphia: Pectinidae) in Western Korea

Jun, Je-Cheon,Kim, Jin Hee,Park, Young Jae,Kang, Hee Woong,Chung, Jae Seung,Chung, Ee-Yung The Malacological Society of Korea 2012 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.28 No.2

The morphology and taxonomic values of the sperm in male Chlamys (Swiftopecten) swiftii were investigated by transmission electron microscope observations. The morphologies and ultrastructures of the sperm nucleus and the acrosome of this species are the vase type and long cone shape, respectively. Spermatozoa are approximately $45-50{\mu}m$ long including a sperm nucleus (approximately $2.60{\mu}m$ long), an acrosome (about $0.63{\mu}m$ long), and a tail flagellum (approximately $44-47{\mu}m$ in long). The axoneme of the sperm tail shows a 9+2 structure. In this study, the right and left basal rings in the acrosomal vesicle of this species show electron opaque part (region), and also the anterior apex part of the acrosomal vesicle shows electron opaque part (region). These characteristics of the acrosomal vesicle were found in Pectinidae and other several families in subclass Pteriomorphia. The number of mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm of this species are four, as one of common characteristics appear in most species in Pectinidae in subclass Pteriomorphia. In addition, the satellite fibres are found near the distal centriole of this species, as have been reported in other species of Pectinidae in subclass Pteriomorphia. Accordingly, structutral characteristics which are found in the acrosomal vesicle, four mitochondria in the sperm midpiece and the appearance of the satellite fibers near the distal centriole of C. (S.) swiftii in Pectinidae (subclass Pteriomorphia), can be employed for phylogenetic and taxonomic analyses as taxonomic key or a significant tool.