Gonadal Development, Spawning and Plasma Sex Steroid Levels of the Indoor Cultured Grunt, Hapalogenys nitens

Hee Woong Kang,Jae-Kwon Cho,Maeng-Hyun Son,Jong Youn Park,Chang Gi Hong,Jae Seung Chung,Ee-Yung Chung 한국발생생물학회 2015 발생과 생식 Vol.19 No.1

The gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonadal development and changes in hormones in plasma level of the indoor cultured grunt (Hapalogenys nitens) were investigated by histological study from August 2011 to October 2012. The GSI showed similar trends with gonad developmental stages during the culture periods. Changes in plasma level of estradiol-17β of female H. nitens reached the highest value before the spawning period, and seasonal changes in plasma level of estradiol-17β were similar in trends of oocyte developments and GSI changes. Testosterone levels of male H. nitens reached the highest value before and after the spent stage. Ovarian developmental stages of H. nitens could be classified into early growing stage, late growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spawning stage, recovery and resting stage. The testicular developmental stages could be divided into growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spent stage, and recovery and resting stage.

Gonadal Development, Spawning and Plasma Sex Steroid Levels of the Indoor Cultured Grunt, Hapalogenys nitens

Kang, Hee Woong,Cho, Jae-Kwon,Son, Maeng-Hyun,Park, Jong Youn,Hong, Chang Gi,Chung, Jae Seung,Chung, Ee-Yung The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2015 발생과 생식 Vol.19 No.1

The gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonadal development and changes in hormones in plasma level of the indoor cultured grunt (Hapalogenys nitens) were investigated by histological study from August 2011 to October 2012. The GSI showed similar trends with gonad developmental stages during the culture periods. Changes in plasma level of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ of female H. nitens reached the highest value before the spawning period, and seasonal changes in plasma level of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ were similar in trends of oocyte developments and GSI changes. Testosterone levels of male H. nitens reached the highest value before and after the spent stage. Ovarian developmental stages of H. nitens could be classified into early growing stage, late growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spawning stage, recovery and resting stage. The testicular developmental stages could be divided into growing stage, mature stage, ripe and spent stage, and recovery and resting stage.

최적성 이론에 의한 早期官話 독서음과 구어음의 음운 변화 양상 차이 분석

張在雄(Chang Jae-woong) 중국어문학연구회 2013 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.79

This paper is intended to show how the differences of aspects of phonological development between literary reading and colloquial reading in Old Mandarin can be explained in a unified manner under Optimality Theory. Because the differences of aspects of phonological development between literary reading and colloquial reading in Old Mandarin is a complicated phenomenon, in the previous researches, it has been focused to reveal order of phonological rules between literary reading and colloquial reading in Old Mandarin. Therefore, in this study I attempt to account for the differences of aspects of phonological development between literary reading and colloquial reading in Old Mandarin with new constraints and ranking on the basis of diachronic phonological changes.

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.

OT 계승 유형론을 통한 중국어 방언 간 변이 분석

張在雄(Chang Jae-woong) 중국어문학연구회 2012 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.74

This paper is intended to show how variation of Chinese dialects can be explained in a unified manner under the factorial typology in Optimality Theory. Because variation of Chinese dialects is a complicated phenomenon, in the previous researches, it has been focused to reveal difference of between Mandarin and Chinese dialects. Therefore, in this study I attempt to account for variation of Chinese dialects with new constraints and ranking on the basis of diachronic phonological changes.

약물 중독 시 위 세척에 의한 산 - 염기 평형 및 전해질의 변화

윤형란(Hyung Ran Yun),손동현(Dong Hyun Sohn),이창범(Chang Bum Lee),이재웅(Jae Woong Lee),양석철(Suck Chul Yang),한동수(Dong Soo Han),손주현(Ju Hyun Sohn),김순길(Soon Kil Kim),김호중(Ho Jung Kim) 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.54 No.4

N/A Objectives: There is little information on the imbalance of electrolyte and acid-base metabolism associated with gastric lavage in acute drug intoxication patients. This study was aimed to analyze the acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities associated with gastric lavage in acute drug intoxication patients. Methods: We studied 24 acute drug intoxication patients who had performed gastric lavage with 10 liters of 0.9% NaC1. Electrolyte parameters and arterial blood gas analysis were carried out before and after gastric lavage. Results: After gastric lavage, acidosis was reduced in general. But there was no significant change in pH (7.34±0.02 vs. 7.38±0.15, p=NS). In acid-base balance, the mixed form of metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis was reduced from 7 to 2 cases, and the simple form of respiratory acidosis was reduced from 3 to 1 case. In contrast, normal form was increased from 5 to 7 cases and the simple form of metabolic acidosis was increased from 2 to 6 cases. In electrolyte parameters, serum sodium was reduced significantly (145±1.0 mEq/L vs. 141±0.8 mEq/L, p<0.01), but there was no case of significant hyponatremia (<135mEq/L). Bicarbonate level (20±1.1 mEq/L vs. 22±0.9 mEq/L, p< 0.05) and anion gap (19±1.6 mB vs. 13±1.3 mEq/L, p< 0.01) showed significant change. But, blood levels of potassium (3.6±0.1 mEq/L vs. 3.8±0.1 mEq/L, p=NS), chloride (106±0.6 mEq/L vs. 106±0.6 mEq/L, p=NS) and F'aCO2 (36±1.mmHg vs. 37±1.5 mmHg, p=NS) were no significant change before and after gastric lavage. Conclusions: Gastric lavage with 10 liters of 0.9% NaC1 in acute drug intoxication patients did not show clinically significant changes in electrolytes and acid-base balance.

내시경적 역행성 췌담관조영술중 췌선방 조영 후 발생한 중증 췌장염 1예

장세중,기승석,김훈일,신혜영,박장원,송은훈,태재웅 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2008 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.33 No.2

내시경적 역행성 담췌관조영술 후 발생한 급성췌장염의 발생인자로 여러 가지 인자들이 관여하지만 특히 담췌관조영술 시행 후 과도한 췌선방 조영화에 의한 중증의 췌장염 증례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been considered as a valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of disease of the pancreas and biliary tree. Post-ERCP pancreatitis is the most frequent and clinically significant complication following ERCP. But a few complication associated with this procedure are unforeseeable. Specially, acinarization as a result of a careless cooperation between operator and assistant may be influenced in complications of ERCP. Severe post-ERCP pancreatitis is rare complication, and its prognosis will be poor. Therefore, careful process and good relationship between operator and assistant in ERCP may be prevented this complication, but is not clear. Neglect of acinarization may be resulted in more aggravation of pancreatitis. We have cared for one patient with severe post-ERCP pancreatitis with pseudocyst after water-soluble contrast media spreading into the acini (acinarization) via ERCP in resolving phase idiopathic pancreatitis.

새로운 다큐멘타리 사진 : 소호 SOHO

장재웅 한국사진학회 2003 AURA Vol.0 No.10

The photographic image is illusory, yet because some objects in pictures exist or had existed, we want to believe that photographs reflect fact, both in content and in production. Henry Peach Robinson's(1830-1901) composite print, 'Fading Away' of 1858, is made from five different negatives. In it there are four characters: a dying girl in a chair, her mother sitting in front of her, her sister looking sadly at the girl and her father looking out a window. Though each image in the work came from a different exposure, the characters are so well matched that a viewer could easily believe that the moment of the girl's death was real. Robinson wrote, "No possible amount of scientific truth will in itself make a picture. Something more is required. The truth that is wanted is artistic truth - quite a different thing. Artistic truth is a conventional representation that looks like truth when we have been educated up to accepting it as a substitute for truth." The very fact that it is a "photograph", which is considered to be a truthful representation, caused viewers to look at the scene literally. Such a response from the public to photographs led many photographers to believe that their pictures were truth. Photographs seem realistic, simply mirrors of reality. But content is subjective and depends on the photographer's choices. "Taking" pictures presents the passive position of photographers, while "making" pictures presents the active position of the photographer. In other words, the photograph is not a direct reflection of reality. Rather, it is a creative activity in which photographs construct images. In contrast, Arthur Rothstein has written, "The word document is derived from the Latin 'docere' meaning to teach. The documentary photograph does more than convey information. It instructs the viewer in some aspect of society in which truth is revealed." I began to suspect whether or not I was giving viewers more than information, more than an unbiased reflection of a scene. Setting, in its broad meaning, refers to techniques of controlling the photograph: choosing objects, deciding distances and angles, determining exposures and pushing the shutter. In its narrower meaning, however, setting is the activity of intentionally fixing and controlling objects to produce a certain effect; for example, a photographer might ask a model to pose in a particular way or express some emotion. The conventions of documentary photography assume a single fixed reality. Once we realize that the photographer records all images subjectively, such an assumed authenticity is irrelevant. It is impossible to achieve objectivity in a photograph. Robinson's manipulated image is "real", in that it shows us the artistic truth of the girl's death. To me, one of the most interesting photographic tools is the creation of setting. I use setting to describe a scent more articulately. Controlling the setting allows me to get closer to what is "real" to me, closer to genuine experience.

분산형 전원의 계통 연계에 따른 영향 및 시뮬레이션

심재선,박지웅,윤창대,임창민,장 현 三陟大學校 2006 論文集 Vol.39 No.-

As EG(Embedded Generation: photo- voltaic, wind, combined heat and power, fuel cell, small hydro etc.) grows fast in adopting to peak load reducing at the middle or the end of distribution system, there much has been interested in interconnection of EG. This paper discusses the various issue of a embedded generator to power system and shows the simulation of its various situation that could happen(focusing on load-flow by EG) by using a commercial software CYME(PSAF) for load-flow. With a result of above simulation, this paper shows a way of possible solution briefly.

골프 스트로크중 칩샷의 운동학적 분석

김창원,최웅재,우병훈 한국학교체육학회 2002 한국학교 체육학회지 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 8번 아이언으로 30M 거리를 칩 샷을 통한 3차원적 운동학적 분석을 통해서 칩 샷의 원리와 근거를 제시하여 골퍼들의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 1. 선운동의 변인 스윙 소요시간에서는 숙련자가 1.083±0202sec.로 비숙련자는 1.217sec. 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). event별로는 event 1에서만 유의하게 숙련자가 빠르게 나타났지만(p<.05), event 2,3에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 클럽헤드 속도에서는 event 3(p<.001), 4(p<.01)에서 비숙련자가 숙련자보다 빠르게 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였지만, event 1, 2에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 신체중심변위에서는 event 3에서만 숙련자가 비숙련자보다 중심이 낮게 형성되었고(p<.05). 나머지는 event 1, 2, 4에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 관절운동의 변인 코킹각 변위에서는 event 2(p<.05), 3(p<.01)애소 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였고, event 1, 4에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 양 슬관절 각 변위에서는 오른쪽 슬관절의 event 1을 제외하고는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 고관절의 각 변위에서는 집단간의 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. This study is designed to present the principles and foundation of chip shots through a chip-shot three-dimension kinematic analysis of 30-meter distance with the 8th iron and to offer the reader basic materials for golfers. 1. The variations of Lineal Exercise There is a significant difference between the time required for a swing by skillful golfers(1.083±0.02sec.) and the time required for a swing by unskillful golfers(1.217sec.). Although event 1 shows that the former turns out to be faster(p<.05), event 1 and even 2 show no difference. In terms of the velocities of the clubhead, event 3(p<.001) and event 4(p<.01) turn out for the latter to be faster than the former, which means that there is a significant difference. But there is no difference in event 1 and 2. In terms of the displacement of the body center, the former forms the body center lower(p<.05) than the latter in event 3, while there is no difference in event 1, 2, and 4. 2. The Variations of the Joint Exercise In terms of the displacement of the left wrist, event 2(p<.05) and event 3(p<.01) show a statistically significant difference, and event 1 and event 4 show no difference. In terms of each displacement of both the knee joints, event 1 of right knee joint only shows statistically significant difference. In terms of each displacement of the coxal articulations, there is no statistically significant difference between groups.