보릿짚의 수분함량 및 수확시기가 소각시 대기오염물질 발생에 미치는 영향

고지연,강항원,이재생,김춘송,박성태,김복진 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

영남지방 벼-보리 이모작답에서 가장 널리 시행되고 있는 보릿짚 처리방법인 소각이 대기환경에 미치는 영향을 소각시 발생하는 온난화가스, 대기오염가스 및 분진발생량을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 보릿짚 소각시 온난화가스 발생량은 CO₂376.8, CH₄ 1.56, N₂O 0.05 kg/10a 로서 CO₂의 발생량이 가장 많았으며, 대기 오염가스 중에는 유기물의 불완전 연소시 배출되는 CO발생량이 28.8 kg/10a로서 가장 많았다. 그 외 SO₂ H₂S, NH₃, NO등의 질소 및 황 함유 유해가스도 소량 발생되었고 발생된 PM 10 분진의 대부분은 인체에 미치는 영향이 PM 10보다 큰 PM 2.5로 이루어져 있었다. 또한 수확시기가 빠르거나 수분함량이 높은 보릿짚일수록 온난화가스 및 대기오염 가스의 발생량이 증가하고 소각 연기내 PM 10 분진중 PM 2.5의 미세분진 비중이 높았다. 수확적기로 알려진 출수 40일 이후의 보릿짚은 출수 후 40일된 보릿짚 소각시 발생하는 대기오염가스 발생량과 큰 차이가 없었다. This study was carried out to determine impacts of burning of barley straw produced from rice-barley double cropping paddy field on air quality by investigating emissions of greenhouse gases (CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O), air pollution gases (CO, SO₂, H₂S, NH₃ and NO) and particulate matters (PM 10 and PM 2.5). When the barley straw at a rate of 4.5 t/ha was burned at open status, the emitted GHGs amounts were CO₂ 376.8 kg/10a, CH₄ 1.56 and N₂O 0.06. The amount of CO emission was the largest among air pollution gases. These results showed that the range of 45~55% of total C in barley straw was emitted as CO₂-C, followed by CO-C (6.4~5.9%) and CH₄-C (0.5~0.7%). As far as moisture content in barley straw is concerned, the higher moisture content that the barley straw contains, the larger amount of air pollution gases and the higher portion of PM 2.5 in PM 10 were emitted when it burned. In case of harvesting time of barley straw, emission amounts of greenhouse, air pollution gases and PM 2.5 portion in PM 10 had tendency to increase when earlier harvested barley straw was burned.

과량의 방사선에 노출된 흰쥐 소뇌외측핵의 미세구조

정재삼,양남길,안의태,고정식,박경호,김진국 대한해부학회 1992 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.25 No.3

Facom OS Ⅳ Fast 開發過程 및 內部論理에 대해서

高在鎭 울산대학교 1979 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.2

學生들의 Fortran교육을 위한 Fortran Compiler인 Fast의 開發배경, 開發過程, 開發소요비용, 개발에 필요한 Resources, 그리고 Fast의 實行論理, implementation方法등을 서술하였다. This Paper Describes the Backgrounds, Processes, Costs, Resources of the Fast Development and the Execution Logic, Implemetation Methods, etc of the Fast Compiler.

ANATOMICAL EXPANDER와 IMPLANT를 이용한 유방 재건의 경험

고법민,박원진,김재중,하범준,이재승,신명수 大韓成形外科學會 1999 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.26 No.3

The use of a tissue expander and implant is the simplest option for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Use of a round dome-shaped prosthesis and the commonly used one-stage technique with a Becker type prosthesis, however, often produces an undesirable upper pole fullness. To overcome this and to achieve improved aesthetic results, we started using an anatomically-shaped expander and implant, as described by Maxwell, as a two-stage breast reconstruction. We reviewed the results of our 21 reconstructed breasts in 22 patients who were deemed suitable for reconstruction using this technique since January 1995. The most commonly used expander was 350cc (range 350-550cc) and an average of 4.2 inflations were required before replacing the expander with a permanent implant. All the expanders were placed in submuscular pockets and implant volume. The longest follow-up was 36 months. Few complications developed and most patients were satisfied with the results. We found that the anatomically-shaped expander and implant produced better aesthetic results compared to a done-shaped prosthesis.

항공이동통신로에서 M-ary PSK 신호에 대한 동일채널 간섭의 영향

고봉진,노재성,조성준 한국항공대학교 1993 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

본 논문에서는 잡음과 간섭이 존재하는 항공이동통신로에서 M-ary PSK 신호의 오율특성을 구하였다. 구한 결과로부터 신호 대 간섭비 (CIR)가 클수록 신호 성능이 향상되나 신호 대 간섭비 (CIR)가 20[dB] 이상이 되면 더 이상 향상되지 않는다. 또한 Rician 페이딩 환경하에서 직접파 대 반사파비 (K)가 작아질수록 신호성능은 더욱 열화된다. 직접파 대 반사파비 (K)가 10인 경우 오율 10-³을 달성하기 위해 필요한 QPSK 신호와 8PSK 신호의 신호 대 잡음비 (CNR)의 차는 약 5.5[dB]가 된다. 신호 대 간섭비 (CIR)가 35[dB], 직접파 대 반사파비 (K)가 10이 고 오율이 10-³일때는 8PSK 신호가 QPSK 신호보다 신호대 잡음비 (CNR)가 약 6[dB] 열화됨을 알 수 있다. In this paper, the error rate performance of M-ary PSK signal has been evaluated in the presence of AWGN and cochannel interference in the aeronautical mobile channel which is modeled by Rician fading channel. Generally the error rate performance improves as signal-to-interference ratio (CIR) increases. But above 20[dB] in CIR, the error rate performance hardly improves any more. In aeronautical mobile channel as direct component-to-diffuse component ratio (K) of received signal becomes smaller, the error rate performance degrades. The difference between two values of signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) needed in QPSK and 8PSK signals to achieve the error rate of 10-³ is about 5.5[dB] when K is 10 in the absence of interference. The QPSK signal outperforms 8PSK signal by 6[dB] in terms of CNR to achieve Pe=10-³ when CIR=35[dB] and K=10.

Computer Software 開發에 있어서의 效率的인 工程管理에 關한 연구

高在鎭 울산대학교 1979 연구논문집 Vol.10 No.2

Software 開發에 있어서의 工程과 각 區分工程에서의 管理方法. 그리고 결과로 나오는 生産物의 區分과 管理方法에 대해서 논했다. This Paper Describes the Processes of the Software Development, the Management Methods of the Each Partitioned Process, the Classification of the Products as the Results of the Development, and the Management Methods of the Products.

저염농도의 자리발효식품의 가공에 관한 연구

송대진,김재하,강영주,김수현,고영환,하진환 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1990 産業技術硏究報告 Vol.1 No.-

This study was carried out to obtain the basic data on salted and fermented damsel fish(Jari-Jeot), one of the important traditional marine foods in Cheju-Do. and also to seek salt lowering method for the development of a new local tourist food. The results are as follows : The best organoleptic results were obtained after 60 days' fermentation for 25.0, 12.5 and 10% of salt-added group, and around 45 days for 7.5 and 5% of salt-added group. In raw fish ingredient IMP was abundant which marked 17.7 μmole/g while in fermented fish hypoxanthine was predominant but ATP and ADP were not detected after 30 days' fermentation. Sixteen kinds of free amino acids were detected and identified in Jari-Jeot instead of 17 kinds of those in raw sample. The abundant amino acids in Jari-Jeot after 60 days' fermentation were lysine. alanine, glutamic acid, glycine and leucine, and those were consisted of approximately 60% of the total free amino acids. During fermentation the content of TMAO was decreased gradually and no TMAO was detected after 75 days' fermentation while that of TMA was increased during fermentation up to 45 days' and decreased afterwards. The fatty acid of low-salt Jari-Jeot was composed of 31.9% of saturated acids, 13.2% of monoenoic acids and 54. 9% of of polyenoic acids. While the content of EPA in polyenoic acids was 1.9%, that of DHA was 23.0%. In order to lower salt concentaration of fermented damsel fish, additon of Pediococcus halophilus culture as a starter together with 10-12.596 of salt, 4-5% of KCI, and 2% of glucose gave as good quality as traditionally made Jari-Jeot.

S-밴드 레이다에서의 電磁波 現象에 關한 硏究

張宰成,高興眞,康富植 제주대학교 1993 논문집 Vol.37 No.-

. It is necessary to clarify radio duct properties and clutter in order to estimate propagation characteristics for radar system. Clutter generates by radar echos make difficult the detection of wanted target. Clutter echos limit the sensitivity of a radar receiver, and determining the range performance. For these circumstance, the optimum radar waveform and receiver must be designed by the other way which is considered only the receiver noise effect. In this paper, analysis radio duct properties, occurrence probabilities, land and sea clutter in a S-Band radar were investigated. The ground clutter-to-noise ratios, the target signal-to-noise ratios and the signal-to-noise-plus-clutter ratios are calculated by the parameters of a S-band radar.

호텔 서비스의 品質水準 測定과 向上方案

許香珍,高載乾 제주대학교 1990 논문집 Vol.31 No.1

The aims of this study is to grasp how the level of (human) service quality is and what method should be taken to improve the quality of service in tourist hotels on Cheju. This paper studied how the nature of sevice and its characterristics are mainly using William B. Martin'c CSAS that presents critical factors of hotel service quality. And in order to find out the level of service in tourist hotels on Cheju and their types, we've attempted actual analysis using valuation by other people. And the result is following: First, there were pretty much difference of service quality to clients among different classes of hotels. But as higher class hotel is not always estimated as it serve high quality service, we can say the estimating quality of service has relative attribution. Second, according to the result from the relations between service-man's back-ground and quality of service, the factors of age are related with all factors of change of service quality but the factors of sex, frequency of hotel use and occupation are not related with the quality of service. Third, the result of correlation analysis between the factors of change of service quality, showed that there is a closed relationship between the quality of formal service and personal service. Fourth, the service type of hotel employees was the type that clients are satisfied, which the levels of quality of formal service and personal service are both high. On the base of this result, we may represent some ways to improve the quality of service in tourist hotels on Cheju. First, hotels have to manage their personal and invest on it. Second, hotels have to establish a management system of service quality and develop it continuously. Third, to improve formal service quality, they have to prepare the SOP(standard operating procedure) and let workers serve by it. Meanwhile, the limits of this study is as folow:First, there are not enough documents and studies related to measuring and managing service quality. Second, the problem may occur because we analyze statistics of the data after changing the quality of service to the numerical value. And thdere may also make a mistake as the research by question which is answered under clients' actual experience and perference. Third, planning of research, collection and analysis were not so elaborate. This study attempts to search the quality management of service. In future study, there has to be more elaborate meausre of sevice quality and general characteristics of service type and more objective measuring methods should be developed.

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.